程裕淇主编《中国地层典》记失

文章列数了《中国地层典》5个方面的重要失误:不是中国地层名称全览性的工具书,急于采用处于争议中的术语,大量地层单位名称的出处因考证不到位而形成张冠李戴,采用的历史优先律不是国际共识,在编撰过程中建立新名称。文章用选出的泰山杂岩、滹沱系、秦岭片岩和仑山石灰岩4个名称为例说明《中国地层典》对其出处的考证不到位,进而论证《中国地层典》的诸多解释可信度低。文章严肃地指出“历史优先律”给中国地层学造成的不良后果:它破坏了地层命名法的标准性,颠倒了中国地层命名史,干扰了中国地层名称的管理。     

图文数据动态联接与多维数据管理在城市规划管理信息系统中的应用

城市规划管理是一项综合性、复杂性、系统性、实践性、科学性很强的技术行政管理工作,直接关系到城市规划能否顺利实施。本文主要论述图文数据的动态联接与多维数据管理在数字城市规划管理中的应用。     

《大德昌国州图志》中所记载的水产动物考释

《大德昌国州图志》是舟山市一部较早的县志。作者考释了《大德昌国州图志》中记载的水产动物共59种,其中鱼类36种(海水鱼32种,淡水鱼4种),贝类12种,节肢动物10种,腔肠动物1种。     

五大连池火山区地名考

通过地名考证查明，五大连池火山旧称是乌云和尔冬吉山；五大连池火山1720—1721年喷发时玄武质熔岩流阻塞的河流不是白河，而是乌德邻河；“五大连池”的得名与“乌德邻池”一词的音转有关；当年观测记录中提到的距出火之山30里的讷谟尔河沿岸的托莫沁屯，为现今五大连池市团结乡永安村。     

历史上新疆白鹳的地理分布区域考证

经过实地考察和访问，以及结合中国古籍和近代的鸟类学文献，对曾经分布于我国新疆的中亚白鹳（Ciconia ciconia asiatica)种群的过去和现在有了比较清楚的认识。据Scully(1876)和Ludlow and Kinnear(1933-34)等记载，一百年前，这是一个比较常见的种类，曾广泛分布于新疆南部的莎车和喀什等地区。根据笔者自1985－2001年对新疆各地的调查和访问，中亚白鹳在新疆（或者说在全中国）消失的年代大约为1980年前后。其原因归结为人为因素和自然因素，如绿洲人口的增加、农业开垦、栖息环境（湿地）的破坏和丧失、种间竞争（自然因素）以及不应有的滥捕乱猎行为等。白鹳比较喜欢亲近人类（有“送子鸟”之美誉），这也是其遭受厄运的原因之一。目前，新疆还有十几种鸟类（如鹈鹕、琵鹭、黑鹳、鸿雁、疣鼻天鹅、云石斑鸭、白肩雕、马雕、猎隼、黄爪率、白鹤、斑胸田鸡、长脚秧鸡、大鸨、小鸨、波斑鸨、遗鸥、小鸥、中亚鸽等）亦正面临相同的命运。     

TEXTUAL RESEARCH OF 1568 M7 GAOLING EARTHQUAKE IN SHAANXI AND ANALYSIS OF ITS SEISMOGENIC STRUCTURE

Study of historical earthquake is one of the important methods to understand the seismic activities and analyze the seismogenic faults. On the May 25^th, 1568 AD, a destructive earthquake occurred to the northeast of the present-day city of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. Because this earthquake happened shortly after the 1556 M8 earthquake and was regarded as an aftershock, it has received little attention in previous studies. Previous earthquake catalogue agreed in assigning a magnitude 6 3/4 to this earthquake but had different epicentral locations and seismic intensity, and the seismogenic structure remains ambiguous. Based on textual research of historical earthquake and field investigation, the Jingyang County, Gaoling County, and Xianning County, were the worst hit area by the earthquake, and the areas, including Yongle Town, Gaozhuang Town at southeastern Jingyang County to Gaoling County and its southeastern present-day Jijia and Zhangbu, should be the mesoseismal area of this earthquake. The epicenter intensity of this earthquake is Ⅸ⁺(9~10 degrees), and the magnitude is estimated to be 7. The isoseismal lines were drawn to exhibit the various intensities of the areas damaged during the event, with its major axis directed NWW. Intensities reached Ⅸ⁺ in the zone extending west-northwest parallel to the Weinan-Jingyang Fault. This fault, characterized by a normal fault that developed during the Cenozoic extensional history of the Weihe Basin, dipping to the north at an angle of 60°~80°, is one part of the southern boundary faults in Weihe graben. There are geomorphological and geological evidences of recent activity of the fault during (180±30)a BP to (1 600±30)a BP. At T₁-T₂ fluvial terraces on the north bank of Weihe River, the scarps were faulted during Ming Dynasty, and sandy soil liquefaction, dense structural tensional fissures and faulted strata are noted in stratigraphic profiles and trenches. Thus, we suggest that this fault can reliably be regarded as being active during Holocene, and re-name the earthquake as the Shaanxi Gaoling earthquake.     

贾岛家世新考

用详实的材料 ,经过周密考证 ,澄清了有关贾岛家世的错误认识 ,揭橥了此一方面研究的最新成果。     

Panoptic geographies: an examination of all U.S. geographic dissertations

The study of geography as a discipline has often employed a top‐down approach that examines the output of the field's most prominent members. In this paper, we provide a bottom‐up approach by analyzing geography dissertations. We start by assembling a database that includes the title, author, date, and university for every geographic doctoral dissertation written in the United States over the last 120 years. The database allows us to track the rise and fall of regions of interest and specific topics. It gives a broad overview of the different schools in geography and their influence within separate historical periods. And it permits a more empirically based delineation of geographical “eras” based on the commonality of words in dissertation titles. This work is at the convergence of the quantitative and qualitative; we quantify and visualize textual data to provide a more robust history of geography. The result is a new, more comprehensive way to look at the changing discipline of geography.     

甘肃民勤地区新增加的几次中强历史地震

在甘肃省民勤地区进行历史地震资料考证和野外实地调查过程中,从新获得的《镇番遗事历鉴》等文献中新发现了6次中强历史地震的史料。根据综合分析及类比的原则和方法初步确定了各次地震的基本参数,为分析该地区的地震构造活动提供了新的资料。     

Textual research of 1219 A.D. Guyuan earthquake in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China and discussion on its causative structure

On the basis of textual research on the historical earthquake data and the field investigation of 1219 A.D.Guyuan earthquake,we suggest that there is only one strong earthquake occurred in Guyuan area in 1219 A.D.,instead of two or three strong earthquakes.We further suggest that the earthquake parameters recorded in the present earth-quake catalogs are not definite and should be modified.The occurrence time of this earthquake should be about 11 am,August 7,1219 A.D.and the heavily-damaged area of this earthquake,the VIII intensity area,should be lo-cated among the regions of Guyuan,Pingliang and Longde county cities.The epicenter area should be near Gu-yuan city.The magnitude of this earthquake is about 7 and it has intensity about larger than or equal to IX within the epicenter area.The major axis direction of the heavily-damaged area strikes in north-northwest that is ap-proximately consistent with the strike of the Liupan Shan thrust fault zone.The new tectonic activity of the Liupan Shan thrust fault zone resulted in the M7 Guyuan earthquake in 1219 A.D.