全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2572篇 |
免费 | 438篇 |
国内免费 | 304篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1017篇 |
大气科学 | 267篇 |
地球物理 | 517篇 |
地质学 | 804篇 |
海洋学 | 175篇 |
天文学 | 11篇 |
综合类 | 246篇 |
自然地理 | 277篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 20篇 |
2022年 | 43篇 |
2021年 | 72篇 |
2020年 | 89篇 |
2019年 | 98篇 |
2018年 | 93篇 |
2017年 | 138篇 |
2016年 | 117篇 |
2015年 | 153篇 |
2014年 | 171篇 |
2013年 | 210篇 |
2012年 | 180篇 |
2011年 | 195篇 |
2010年 | 131篇 |
2009年 | 217篇 |
2008年 | 177篇 |
2007年 | 204篇 |
2006年 | 166篇 |
2005年 | 125篇 |
2004年 | 107篇 |
2003年 | 102篇 |
2002年 | 73篇 |
2001年 | 64篇 |
2000年 | 55篇 |
1999年 | 43篇 |
1998年 | 41篇 |
1997年 | 44篇 |
1996年 | 31篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 26篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1954年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有3314条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Revisiting the existence of an effective stress for wet granular soils with micromechanics
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
A possible effective stress variable for wet granular materials is numerically investigated based on an adapted discrete element method (DEM) model for an ideal three‐phase system. The DEM simulations consider granular materials made of nearly monodisperse spherical particles, in the pendular regime with the pore fluid mixture consisting of distinct water menisci bridging particle pairs. The contact force‐related stress contribution to the total stresses is isolated and tested as the effective stress candidate for dense or loose systems. It is first recalled that this contact stress tensor is indeed an adequate effective stress that describes stress limit states of wet samples with the same Mohr‐Coulomb criterion associated with their dry counterparts. As for constitutive relationships, it is demonstrated that the contact stress tensor used in conjunction with dry constitutive relations does describe the strains of wet samples during an initial strain regime but not beyond. Outside this so‐called quasi‐static strain regime, whose extent is much greater for dense than loose materials, dramatic changes in the contact network prevent macroscale contact stress‐strain relationships to apply in the same manner to dry and unsaturated conditions. The presented numerical results also reveal unexpected constitutive bifurcations for the loose material, related to stick‐slip macrobehavior. 相似文献
2.
Determination of subcatchment and watershed boundaries in a complex and highly urbanized landscape
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《水文研究》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Urban development significantly alters the landscape by introducing widespread impervious surfaces, which quickly convey surface run‐off to streams via stormwater sewer networks, resulting in “flashy” hydrological responses. Here, we present the inadequacies of using raster‐based digital elevation models and flow‐direction algorithms to delineate large and highly urbanized watersheds and propose an alternative approach that accounts for the influence of anthropogenically modified land cover. We use a semi‐automated approach that incorporates conventional drainage networks into overland flow paths and define the maximal run‐off contributing area. In this approach, stormwater pipes are clustered according to their slope attributes, which define flow direction. Land areas drained by each cluster and contributing (or exporting) flow to a topographically delineated catchment were determined. These land masses were subsequently added or removed from the catchment, modifying both the shape and the size. Our results in a highly urbanized Toronto, Canada, area watershed indicate a moderate net increase in the directly connected watershed area by 3% relative to a topographically forced method; however, differences across three smaller scale subcatchments are greater. Compared to topographic delineation, the directly connected watershed areas of both the upper and middle subcatchments decrease by 5% and 8%, respectively, whereas the lower subcatchment area increases by 15%. This is directly related to subsurface storm sewer pipes that cross topographic boundaries. When directly connected subcatchment area is plotted against total streamflow and flashiness indices using this method, the coefficients of variation are greater (0.93 to 0.97) compared to the use of digital elevation model‐derived subcatchment areas (0.78 to 0.85). The accurate identification of watershed and subcatchment boundaries should incorporate ancillary data such as stormwater sewer networks and retention basin drainage areas to reduce water budget errors in urban systems. 相似文献
3.
韩玲 《地球科学与环境学报》2003,25(1):74-75
提出了一种基于格网DEM的粗差检测及剔除方法,其基本思想是对每个表面上的点,在坡度上,高程或突变量引起的形状不连续,可能被怀疑有误差,通过坡度上每个点,应用坡度逼近或改变量来计算,考虑坡度变化的相对值,并以这些相对值计算一个统计值为判断该点合法性的阈值,使计算结果更为可靠。 相似文献
4.
5.
This chapter describes two separate but complementary research echosounder systems originally developed by Krupp Atlas Elektronik GmbH for the new German oceanographic research vessel Meteor.The Hydrosweep is a Hydrographic wide-swathe sweep survey echosounder for both shallow and deep water applications providing accurate bathymetric surveys and terrain-following navigation capabilities.The Parasound system is a hull-mounted dual channel parametric narrow-beam deep sea survey and sub-bottom profiling echosounder enabling particularly high vertical and horizontal resolution of seabed features. 相似文献
6.
海底勘查技术的最新发展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文将介绍用于探测海底三维地质特征的海底勘查的最新发展。它主要包括海底地形测绘技术,海底形貌观测技术、海底地层声学探测技术等。 相似文献
7.
8.
利用1993年ENSO事件爆发(4月)前酝酿时期“热带大洋与全球大气-海洋耦合响应试验”强化观测阶段“向阳红五号”科学考察船155°E,2°S定点海洋气象和高空大气探测资料,分析了赤道西太平洋大气边界层特征。结果表明:赤道西太平洋上空辐合对流区边界层内也有等温或逆温层存在,大气边界层物理参数变化与大尺度海-气变异有密切关系,赤道太平洋沃克环流加强、东移,边界层上部逆温层出现概率明显增大,边界层内高湿层湿度减小。另外,边界层内实测风速、风向廓线随高度的变化基本上不服从Ekman规律,但由其平均,分量合成得到的平均风随高度的变化却基本符合Ekman规律。 相似文献
9.
10.