梭鱼标准代谢、内源氮排泄与体重和温度的关系

在 13.5 ,18,2 1.5 ,2 4和 2 7℃ 5个温度条件下测定了梭鱼 (体重范围 1.88～ 14.0 2 g)的标准代谢率和内源氮排泄率。梭鱼标准代谢率随体重的增加而增加 ,二者的关系为幂函数关系 ;随温度的升高而增加 ,二者的关系为指数关系 ;标准代谢率与体重和温度的关系可用如下方程表示 :RS=0 .12 4 6 W0 .9954 e0 .0 84 1T(r2 =0 .92 2 0 )。梭鱼的氨氮、尿素、总氮及能量的排泄率随体重和温度的增加而增加 ,与体重为幂函数关系 ,与温度的关系为多项式形式。梭鱼氨氮和尿素日排泄率的变幅分别为 0 .15～ 0 .88mg N/d和 0 .0 3～ 0 .2 9mg N/d。不同温度下 ,尿素排泄量占总氮比例在 9.9%～2 2 .4 9%之间 ,随温度升高该值有逐渐增大的趋势。     

下辽河坳陷现代应力场特征

本文通过辽河油田的钻孔崩落资料及小地震震源机制解，推断出辽河坳陷地区现代构造应力场的特征。两种方法得到的结果基本一致，即区域应务场和局部应力场的结果一致，该地区处于走滑断层型应力状态。     

Particularités de la contamination crustale des phonolites : exemple du Velay oriental (Massif central)

Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of one trachyte, eight phonolites and five basalts have been measured. The isotopic characteristics of the trachyte can be explained by a combined assimilation–fractional crystallization process within an upper crustal magmatic chamber. Some phonolites display isotopic signatures identical to basalts, suggesting that they have been protected against any crustal assimilation during their formation. Some others have low Sr contents, whereas they are enriched in radiogenic Sr (0.70451<⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_i<0.71192), and display basaltic ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratios. Both observations could be explained by very strong alkali feldspar fractionation and by subsequent very low assimilation of surrounding rocks (between 0.3 and 4%) during intrusion. To cite this article: J.-M. Dautria et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).     

Apport de l'imagerie satellitaire radar pour l'exploration géologique en zones arides

The potential of radar imagery in geological exploration was investigated at a study site in Mauritania (Akjoujt region). Compared with optical images, the results obtained show how radar imagery can help not only in detecting surface geological structures such as dykes and veins, but also mapping subsurface structures beneath a shallow layer of sand (palaeochannels). The mapping potential was found to be much better at long wavelengths than at short ones (L-band, compared with C- and X-band). As for optical images, their contribution is much more limited in the mapping of surface geological structures, and inappropriate for detecting subsurface structures. We conclude that spatial remote sensing enables the improvement of existing geological maps and the optimization of cartographic surveying. To cite this article: N. Baghdadi et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).     

The first araripeneurine antlion in Burmese amber (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)

Burmaneura minuta gen. et sp. nov., the first araripeneurine antlion in amber, is characterized, described and compared with the modern and Mesozoic Myrmeleontidae. The precise position of the fossil within this group is debatable. Interestingly, despite a rather rich fossil record, all Mesozoic Myrmeleontidae belong to subfamilies that are not recorded in the Cenozoic, although this might merely reflect the artificiality of the classification as the extinct groups may be paraphyletic with respect to their younger counterparts (e.g., Araripeneurinae may very well be nothing more than a stem group of no classificatory value).     

New polymorphic psyllipsocids from Burmese amber (Psocodea: Psyllipsocidae)

Annulipsyllipsocus andreneli gen. et sp. nov. and A. inexspectatus gen. et sp. nov., the first records of the Psyllipsocidae from the Cretaceous amber of Myanmar are described, illustrated and their taxonomic position discussed. The new genus is characterized by antennae with 16 segments; flagellomeres with secondary annulations; radial cell closed, five-angled, bulged on its R1 border; triangular pterostigma. Species belonging to Annulipsyllipsocus gen. nov. are polymorphic. The described taxa represent the earliest evidence for polymorphism in Psocodea. A checklist of all known species of Psyllipsocidae is given.     

细基江蓠繁枝变型对水体硝态氮变化的生理响应

通过静态模拟实验,比较研究了6个硝态氮(NO3--N)摩尔浓度水平(0,10,20,40,60,80μmol/L)下培养的细基江蓠繁枝变型(Gracilariatenuistipitatavar.liuiZhangetXia)的丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸含量以及硝酸还原酶(NR)、超氧化物酶歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化。结果表明,随着水体NO3--N摩尔浓度的逐渐增加,细基江蓠繁枝变型NR、SOD和POD的活性均呈现先增加后下降的显著变化(P<0.05),膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量随水体NO3--N摩尔浓度的变化则呈相反的趋势(P<0.05);游离脯氨酸含量则与水体NO3--N摩尔浓度呈正相关(r=0.9161)。综合分析结果认为,单独以硝态氮为氮源时,20μmol/L的供氮水平能使细基江蓠繁枝变型处于相对最佳的生理状态。     

几种重金属对青岛文昌鱼毒性及生长的影响

对１９９１年８月在青岛崂山沙子口海区底层沙中拖网采集的体长为１．８￣２．２ｃｍ的青岛文昌鱼,进行不同剂量的Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾６＋等重金属的毒性影响实验,结果表明,青岛文昌鱼对重金属反应敏感,重金属如超过一定浓度便可起文晶鱼中毒乃至死亡,但微量的重金属则能促进文昌鱼的生长。     

Hybrids between olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and stone flounder Kareius bicoloratus: karyotype, allozyme and RAPD analyses

The hybrid between olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and stone flounder Kareius bicoloratus was produced by artificial insemination of olive flounder eggs with stone flounder Sperm. Sinistral and dextral are two types of hybrid progeny after metamorphosis. Karyotypes of both hybrid flounders are the same as those of the two parental species. Of the 22 loci examined from 12 allozymes,12 confirmed hybridization of the paternal and matemal loci in hybrids and no difference was found in allozyme patterns of sinistral and dextral hybrid fishes. RAPD patterns of these specimens were also studied with 38 primers selected from 104 tested. Among them, the PCR products of 30 primers showed hybridization of the paternal and maternal bands. Genetic variation between hybrids and their parental stocks was analyzed by RAPD using 10 of the above 38 primers. The average heterozygosity and genetic distance were calculated. The results suggested that the filial generation could inherit a little more genetic materials from paternal fish than that from maternal fish.     

2种江蓠藻体切段的再生

初步研究了细基江蓠繁枝变种（Ｇ． ｔｅｎｕｉｓｔｉｐｉｔａｔａ ｖａｒ． ｌｉｕｉ）和细基江蓠（Ｇ． ｔｅｎｕｉｓｔｉｐｉｔａｔａ）切段培养的适宜培养基及其切段的再生特点。在此基础上,还研究了几种植物生长调节剂对江蓠藻体切段再生的影响。研究表明,江蓠藻体在改良ＰＥＳ培养基中生长良好。两种藻体的外皮层细胞均可产生长成新枝的生长点,并且表现出相同的再生极性。无论细基江蓠繁枝变种还是细基江蓠的切段都是在形态学上端切口处产生新枝,下端不再生;带分枝的切段,其分枝断口处亦可再生新枝。适宜的植物生长调节剂可明显促进藻体芽的产生和生长。１ ｍ ｇ／ ＬＢＡ 明显促进细基江蓠繁枝变种切段的再生,２ ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ ＢＡ＋ ０．５ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ 显著促进细基江蓠切段的再生