升麻中环阿尔廷烷型三萜皂苷及其抗肿瘤活性研究

从我国中草药的潜在区域特异性出发,对目前很少涉及的西北地区甘肃产升麻进行了较系统的化学成分及其生物活性研究。通过正、反相硅胶等色谱技术从升麻根茎的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到15个环阿尔廷烷型三萜皂苷;根据单体化合物的波谱学数据、理化性质将其分别鉴定为25-脱水升麻醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷(1),25-O-乙酰基-升麻醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷(2),25-O-乙酰基-7,8-去氢升麻醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷(3),25-O-乙酰基-升麻醇-3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(4{ST),asiaticoside A(5),asiaticoside B(6),isocimipodocarpaside(7),cimicidanol(8),26-Deoxyactein(9),升麻醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷(10),24-O-acetylisodahurinol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside(11),23-O-acetylshengmanol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside(12),26-deoxycimicifugoside(13),升麻苷H-1(14),以及升麻苷H-2(15)。其中,化合物6为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物3,7,11为首次从该种植物中分离得到。选择人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa)和人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)以MTT法对分离得到的化合物进行了肿瘤细胞毒活性评价,化合物2~6对两种肿瘤细胞都具有显著活性。研究结果进一步丰富了我国升麻中药的化学多样性,同时为其药效的物质基础及其构效关系提供了理论依据。     

A study in early diagenesis: Biomarker composition of a suite of immature coals and coaly shales

A suite of samples from the Funan Mine, N.E. China, has allowed a comparison to be made between hydrocarbon-rich coals and coaly shales. These are immature coals and the known geological history suggests that they have experienced only a mild geothermal history. Analyses of the di- and sesquiterpenoid components show that compounds based on the kaurane skeleton are absent unlike Australian brown coals; and the diterpenes isopimarane, pimarane and 16α (H)-phyllocladane relate to a different community of higher plants such as Pinaceae and Taxodiaceae from those recognized in Australian brown coals. A consideration of geochimical parameters and biomarker composition leads to the conclusion that the geolipid concentrations in the sample suite are environmentally determined. It is concluded, therefore, that 22R-17β (H),21β (H)-bishomohopanoic acid and the 22R-17α (H),21β (H)-homohopane, both predominant components in their respective classes, are derived from different sources. Labdanic acids have been identified in these coals. They are likely to be derived from resin constituents of the coal and not from microbial biomass. They could potentially be developed as a maturation parameter. Cis and trans isomers of a triaromatic hydrocarbon based on the oleanane skeleton which has been previously identified in Victorian brown coal are present in the Funan coals. The more oxidizing the environment the less advanced is the isomerization of cis to trans and again the environment of deposition is the controlling factor. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding pathways of early diagenesis for the interpretation of data derived from more mature samples.