分布异构空间数据协同编辑关键技术研究

分布式环境下空间数据库的异构、多源、多平台特性,使不同系统之间难以实现协同处理。为实现分布异构空间数据的协同编辑,在研究网络要素服务(Web Feature Service,WFS)规范的基础上,对WFS规范中的锁定、编辑操作进行了改进,同时将发布订阅机制引入到基于WFS的网络空间数据编辑处理中,使其能够适应协同编辑的需求,并以此为基础提出了基于WFS的一致性控制机制、编辑机制和发布订阅机制,最后建立了相应的原型系统以验证其有效性。     

CVE中多种视点视图导航效果研究

协同虚拟环境是网络技术与虚拟现实技术相结合的产物,将单用户虚拟环境扩展为多用户的网络化虚拟环境,实现群组协同工作.目前,协同虚拟环境系统已经在科学可视化、协同设计、战争模拟等很多领域得到了广泛应用.在单用户虚拟环境中导航与多用户的协同虚拟环境中导航是完全不同的,文中论述了协同虚拟环境导航的特点以及导航与视点的关系,探讨了常用的协同虚拟环境三种视点视图界面的导航及其效果,并进行了相关实验测试.     

洛带气田蓬莱镇气藏开发部署优化研究

气藏评价尚未结束之前，开发的早期部署工作非常困难。针对洛带气田蓬莱镇组气藏的开发部署工作，利用目前许多新方法对开发层系划分、采气规模、开发规划、合理配产和井网部署等进行了优化研究，对气藏开发提出了指导性意见，且对类似气藏也具有参考意义。     

协同空间决策的概念、过程与特点研究

对空间决策支持系统和计算机系统协同工作环境进行系统分析和总结，概括了较为完整的协同空间决策概念，提出了协同空间决策的空间问题协同分析、方案生成与可视化、方案分析、方案表决等基本过程。在此基础上，作者详细分析了协同空间决策的复杂性、交互可视化、多用户参与、方案探索性分析、多层次协同等基本特征。     

Web Use in Geographical and Environmental Education: An International Survey at the Primary and Secondary Level

This article aims to study Web use and Web-based co-operation and collaboration in geographical and environmental education at the primary and secondary level around the world. Recent trends and future opportunities and challenges are taken into account. The theoretical part of the study considers Web use and different forms of Web-based co-operation. Web use and co-operation in education are classified as co-operative learning, collaborative learning or communal learning. Web use in geographical and environmental education is noted to be growing in significance. Web-based co-operation at any level of intensity is associated with many opportunities and challenges. The empirical part of this study involves a survey of geographical and environmental education researchers in various countries about their views of Web use in education. The results of this survey indicate that the Web in general finds minimal use in geographical and environmental education. As access to the Web is limited and only some pupils can use it, co-operation, particularly collaborative learning on the Web, is still rare in geographical and environmental education. The most often used application is e-mail. Researchers recognise the potential of the Web to enhance local, national and international co-operation, and to facilitate a better understanding of geographical and environmental issues at the grass-root level. Web-based learning can also help to increase and deepen the pupils' cultural understanding. Before that, however, problems in access, costs and teacher training must be solved. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Research relevance, 'knowledge transfer' and the geographies of CASE studentship collaboration

The Co-operative Awards in Science and Engineering (CASE) studentship programme of the UK Research Councils provide one example of wider efforts internationally to encourage so-called 'knowledge transfer' and thereby harness publicly supported university research more closely to the goals of national competitiveness, regional economic development and local regeneration. In this paper we describe the implications of how the various UK research councils have interpreted the objectives and beneficiaries of 'knowledge transfer', both for the relative opportunities available to human and physical geographers for collaboration through CASE and for the sorts of values that their research must serve. Then, we draw on unpublished data from the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) to explore the geographies of CASE studentship allocation and participation. The broad regional and institutional patterns of participation we describe have important implications for ongoing debates in the UK about research selectivity and the role of the university as an engine of local development, while the striking disciplinary patterns of CASE participation, and in particular the overwhelming success of geographers in this competitive programme, provide an opportunity to reassess claims about whether and for whom geographical research is relevant.     

面向蓝藻的洱海气象监测站布局方法

针对洱海流域蓝藻预警研究所需的气象数据不足的问题,提出洱海气象监测站优化布局方法,采用环境影响统计概念模型分析了对环境产生影响的主要经济因素,根据水体污染指标将洱海各个行政区分为高污染区和低污染区,再考虑汇入洱海支流是否流经高污染区,认为在高污染区支流汇入口是蓝藻发生概率较高的区域。依据2个主要参数:区域污染程度和支流入口,部署气象监测站,该监测站能为洱海蓝藻预警研究提供必要、准确和可靠的水面气温、降雨量以及日照长度等气象参数,将对水环境的监测和研究具有重大意义和广泛应用前景。     

Application of ICTs in Airspace Management and Collaborative Decision-Making—Analyzing the Risk Avoidance in the Condition of Risky Weather as an Example

The application of ICTs makes structural change of the development and effective utilization of airspace. Next generation air transportation system (NextGen) includes new automation concepts with automated information to support the traffic control decision-making. As a result, in the field of academia and industry, air traffic controllers integrate information automatically while making decisions to change the previous manually integrated and decided pattern. The safety ability of airspace is reduced and airspace system is endangered under risky weather conditions of airspace. So there is an urgent demand for new information and communication technologies. The paper is an overview of the information constitution and support of NextGen and provides the study of the development of technique of airspace collaborative decision-makings to confirm the new features based on ICTs. It contains basic application-the input of data and output of the routes of airspace management and collaborative decision-making, and general application-the choose of probability nets of avoiding risky weather, and special application-the affection in the management of the air routes, which are made up of position and direction. The research shows the accurate schedule characteristics of airspace management and collaborative decision-making based on ICTs, which made the space accurate by time accurate. Second, the visualization of airspace management and collaborative decision-making based on ICTs made the maps of flight path under mobile data quickly generated. This could make the fully development and utilization of national airspace, ensure safety, and reduce air traffic controllers’ workload and the costs in delaying and operating in risky weather.     

广东厚婆坳整装勘查区锡多金属矿资源潜力分析

利用广东厚婆坳整装勘查区内的典型矿床、重点工作区、其他矿床的潜力评价成果,建立了8个定量预测模型区;然后通过综合信息分析,按热液型、斑岩型2种矿床类型在厚婆坳整装勘查区分别圈定并优选了最小预测区,进行资源量估算;最后对最小预测区进行归并整理,形成综合预测区,在此基础上提出了勘查部署建议。     

Estimating spatial efficiency using cyber search,GIS, and spatial optimization: a case study of fire service deployment in Los Angeles County

ABSTRACT

The efficiency of public investments and services has been of interest to geographic researchers for several decades. While in the private sector inefficiency often leads to higher prices, loss of competitiveness, and loss of business, in the public sector inefficiency in service provision does not necessarily lead to immediate changes. In many cases, it is not an entirely easy task to analyze a particular service as appropriate data may be difficult to obtain and hidden in detailed budgets. In this paper, we develop an integrative approach that uses cyber search, Geographic Information System (GIS), and spatial optimization to estimate the spatial efficiency of fire protection services in Los Angeles (LA) County. We develop a cyber-search process to identify current deployment patterns of fire stations across the major urban region of LA County. We compare the results of our search to existing databases. Using spatial optimization, we estimate the level of deployment that is needed to meet desired coverage levels based upon the location of an ideal fire station pattern, and then compare this ideal level of deployment to the existing system as a means of estimating spatial efficiency. GIS is adopted throughout the paper to simulate the demand locations, to conduct location-based spatial analysis, to visualize fire station data, and to map model simulation results. Finally, we show that the existing system in LA County has considerable room for improvement. The methodology presented in this paper is both novel and groundbreaking, and the automated assessments are readily transferable to other counties and jurisdictions.