Characterization of Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) Skin and the Extracted Acid-Soluble Collagen

The biochemical composition of the turbot skin was investigated. The moisture level of the skin was found to be 51.4%. Based on dry matter content, there were relatively high protein(82.1%) and lipid(13.1%) concentrations in the turbot skin. Mineral element analysis revealed that the turbot skin had high Ca content(2069.0 mg kg^-1), and the concentrations of toxic heavy metals Hg and Pb were less than 0.005 mg kg^-1, which indicates that the turbot skin is a safe resource for collagen production. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) analysis showed that acid-soluble collagen(ASC) extracted from the turbot skin was type-I collagen. The imino acid content of the ASC was 241.6 per 1000 amino acids, which suggests a relatively high denaturation temperature. The Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectra of ASC reflected a highly stable structure, and the measured denaturation temperature of ASC was 29.5℃, which is higher than those from many temperate fishes. ASC was the most soluble at pH 4.0, and when the pH values were below or above 4.0, the solubility decreased rapidly. The ASC exhibited a relatively high solubility when NaCl concentration was lower than 2%. These results show that turbo skin can be employed as a source for producing collagen with high quality.     

罗非鱼下脚料自溶条件的初步探讨

采用单因素和正交优化实验L9(43)确定酶法自溶罗非鱼下脚料的最适条件,结果表明,最适自溶条件为:料液质量比1∶3,反应温度50℃,pH7.5,反应时间6.5h;酶解结束蛋白质回收率为81.75%。     

摩尔配比和矿物掺合料对盐湖提锂镁渣制作磷酸钾镁水泥性能影响的研究

使用盐湖提锂镁渣和矿物掺合料,如粉煤灰、硅灰和矿渣等,与磷酸二氢钾反应,制作磷酸钾镁水泥(Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement, MKPC)。研究了MgO/KH₂PO₄摩尔配比(M/K)和矿物掺合料对MKPC凝结时间、抗压强度和水化放热速率的影响,并使用X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction, XRD)和低真空扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM)分析MKPC的水化产物。研究表明,M/K对MKPC抗压强度影响显著,最佳M/K为4～6。M/K为5时,MKPC在各龄期的抗压强度值均较高,28d抗压强度高达98MPa。掺加矿物掺合料会降低MKPC的抗压强度,当粉煤灰、硅灰和矿渣的掺量分别为水泥质量的20%,10%和20%时,28d抗压强度可以分别达到45.9MPa、33.3MPa和36.7MPa。凝结时间超过20min,能够满足快速修复的要求。在不考虑Mg₃B₂O₆的影响下,掺加矿物掺合料会延缓...