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四十里湾几种双壳贝类及污损动物的氮、磷排泄及其生态效应 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
对多种经济双壳贝类和养殖中的污损动物的N和P排泄进行了测定 ,包括排泄成分和排泄速率。在这些动物的N排泄中 ,NH4 N占主要部分 ,如笼式养殖的双壳贝类NH4 N占总N排泄的平均值范围为 70 8%— 80 1 % ;氨基酸是第二大排泄成分 ,平均占总N排泄的 1 0 %—2 5 %。其他形态的N ,如尿素、亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐也有检出。在P排泄中 ,有机磷 (DOP)约占总溶解磷 (TDP)排泄的 1 5 %— 2 7%。据估算 ,整个四十里湾所养殖的双壳贝类在夏季每天将排泄4 5 4t总溶解氮 ,其中NH4 N 3 36t、Amino N 0 69t、Urea N 0 2t。同时每天磷的排泄为 0 5 7tTDP ,其中DOP 0 1 5t。对面积为 1 3× 1 0 4 hm2 的海区而言 ,贝类的N、P排泄分别能满足浮游植物生产所需N、P的 44%和 40 %。高密度的贝类养殖对养殖生态系统营养循环的影响是很显著的。附着动物 (柄海鞘等 )的N、P排泄及其对营养循环的影响也不容忽视。 相似文献
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海洋沉积物中残留的硅壳、甲藻孢囊、类脂类化合物及生物硅等生态参数被广泛应用于反演和指示海洋古环境特征.本研究通过测定烟台四十里湾表层沉积物中的硅藻化石、甲藻孢囊、菜籽甾醇、甲藻甾醇及生物硅5种生态参数,比较不同生态参数的相关性及它们在反演海洋环境中的功能差异,建立了多参数综合应用的研究方法.研究发现,沉积物中的硅壳丰度与菜籽甾醇含量及生物硅含量存在明显正相关关系(P<0.05),菜籽甾醇含量与生物硅含量可以较好的佐证与提高沉积物中硅壳对硅藻生物量指示的准确性;甲藻孢囊与甲藻甾醇含量相关性不明显(P>0.05),相较而言,甲藻甾醇可以更准确的反演甲藻的生物量.因此,生物与化学参数的结合应用不仅可以提高生物量指示的精确性,而且有助于从物种组成角度更好的了解藻类对环境变化的响应特征. 相似文献
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Investigation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) at 12 stations in Yantal Sishili Bay in May, August, and November of 1997 and March and May of 1998 showed that DOC concentrations varied from 1.14 mg/L to 5.35 mg/L; that the average values at all staticrLs ineach entise varied from 1.52 mg/L to 2.12 mg/L; that POC concentrafions varied from 0.049 mg/L to 1.411mg/L; and averaged 0.159 mg/L to 0.631 mg/L in each cruise. Horizontal distribution of DOC was influ-enced by factors such as continental input, organism activity, temperature, aquieulture environment, etc. The higher POC concentration occurred along the coast. The vertical distribution of DOC and POC changed obviously in spring and summer, but not obviously in autumn and winter. DOC concentration was highest in summer and POC in spring; both were lowest in winter. The seasonal change of DOC was con-sistent with primary productivity seasonal variation, and that of POC was consistent with ehlorophyll-a sea-sanal variation. The seasonal change trend of the C/N ratio of dissolved organic matter was obvious, but the C/N ratio of particulate organic matter had no such trend. 相似文献
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烟台四十里湾海域红色裸甲藻赤潮发展过程及其成因 总被引:35,自引:9,他引:35
对1998年8月中旬至9月中旬烟台四十里湾发生的大规模赤潮进行调查研究。结果表明,此次赤潮发生面积约为100km^2,其原因种为红色裸甲藻Gymnodinium sanguineum,密度高达1560ind/ml,是我国首次记录的由该种生物引起的规模赤潮。大量衰亡赤潮生物的分解消耗水体的溶解氧,引起下层水体严重缺氧,导致养殖的扇贝大批死亡。赤潮的成因主要是大量陆源有机物、营养盐类的排入和大规模贝类筏式养殖的自身污染,为赤潮生物的暴发性增殖提供丰富的物质基础;适宜的水文气象条件亦为赤潮的发生提供良好的物理环境。 相似文献
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《Marine pollution bulletin》2014,78(1-2):227-236
Total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), δ13C and δ15N were measured in sediment cores at three sites in Sishili Bay, China, to track the impacts of anthropogenic activities on the coastal environment over the last 100 years. The increased TOC and TN in the upper section of sediment cores indicated a eutrophic process since 1975. In comparison, the TOC and TN in the sediment core near to a scallop aquaculture area displayed a much slower increase, indicating the contribution of scallop aquaculture in mitigating eutrophication. Combined information from δ13C, δ15N and TOC:TN indicated an increased terrestrial signal, although organic matter sources in Sishili Bay featured a mixture of terrestrial and marine sources, with phytoplankton being dominant. Increased fertilizer use since 1970s contributed to the eutrophic process in Sishili Bay since 1975, and increased sewage discharge from 1990s has added to this process. 相似文献
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