扇贝外寄生车轮虫（Trichodina jadranica Raabe，1958）的形态学研究 （原生动物：纤毛门：缘毛目）

采用Ｗｉｌｂｅｒｔ蛋白银法及Ｃｈａｔｔｏｎ—Ｌｗｏｆｆ银浸法对一种附生于栉孔扇贝鳃丝上的寄生车轮虫进行了光镜水平下的研究。依据其形态学和纤毛图式特征，该种被鉴定为ＴｒｉｃｈｏｄｉｎａｊａｄｒａｎｉｃａＲａａｂｅ，１９５８．此为我国新记录，同时也是第一例有关外寄生于扇贝鳃表纤毛虫原生动物的报道。     

Transient biouptake flux and accumulation by microorganisms: The case of two types of sites with Langmuir adsorption

The uptake of a chemical species by an aquatic microorganism is modelled considering two kinds of sites where Langmuirian adsorption is followed by first order internalisation kinetics. Simpler models, such as only one internalisation route (while most of the adsorption takes place on non-internalising sites) or a linear isotherm for adsorption on one or both sites, become limiting cases of this double-Langmuirian model. The model considers the sites located on the spherical (or semi-spherical) surface of the organism, and takes diffusion from the medium into explicit account. The numerical solution for the internalisation flux shows a maximum. We provide an estimate for the time needed to reach a certain proximity to steady state. The transient solution confirms that the analytical expressions for the steady-state flux are usually valid and that the accumulated amounts reflect the impact of the short-time uptake. The Instantaneous Steady-State Approximation (ISSA), where an intercept of the linear regression of accumulated amount as a function of time is interpreted as an adsorbed amount, can be critically assessed with the transient numerical code for two cases: (i) when the total burden of metal on the cell is the input data and (ii) when an extraction procedure provides further information on the adsorbed and internalised amount.     

波浪作用下岸坡和海底平衡条件的研究

提出波浪作用下岸坡和海底动态和静态平衡条件的数学模型。在已建立的推移质泥沙体积输沙率基本关系式的基础上,根据连续方程,计算出底坡、泥沙、波浪三要素在动态和静态平衡情况下的关系式,得出反映这种关系的底坡平衡函数曲线图。用实际资料对这一函数曲线进行了验证,并对实际资料相对模型的某些差异作出解释。     

贻贝棘尾虫形态及二分裂期间形态发生的扫描电镜观察

于１９８６年在哈尔滨郊外水池采集贝棘尾虫标本，利用扫描电镜观察其形态及二分裂期间形态发生，在扫找镜样品制备中，采ＫＭｎＯ４代替常用的ＯｓＯ４研究表明，（１）口原基发生的位置在第一横棘毛的左前角，这下贪食棘尾虫相同，但不同于鬃棘尾虫。参与后仔虫额，腹，横棘毛原基发生的老腹棘毛只有一个，这与前人在其他贻贝棘尾虫株系上的观察结果不同，这些表明，口原基起源的位置和参与形成额、腹，横棘毛原基的老腹棘毛的数目     

Applied hydrodynamic wave-resistance computation by Fourier transform

An applied Fourier transform computation for the hydrodynamic wave-resistance coefficient is shown, oriented to potential flows with a free surface and infinity depth. The presence of a ship-like body is simulated by its equivalent pressure disturbance imposed on the un-perturbed free surface, where a linearized free surface condition is used. The wave-resistance coefficient is obtained from the wave-height downstream. Two examples with closed solutions are considered: a submerged dipole, as a test-case, and a parabolic pressure distribution of compact support. In the three dimensional case, a dispersion relation is included which is a key resource for an inexpensive computation of the wave pattern far downstream like fifteen ship-lengths.     

减少航道外波浪集聚对策研究

进港航道开挖引起波能重新分布 ,导致航道外近区域波能聚集 ,波高增大 ,从而影响防波堤稳定及港内泊稳条件。文章介绍了 Boussinesq方程的推导过程和发展过程 ,基于深水和缓变地形的色散关系 ,建立了波浪数学模型。该模型可用于研究深水和浅水地区波浪的浅水变形、折射、绕射和反射。并提出了减少波能聚集、降低堤前波高的多种措施。结合大窑湾港实际工程 ,经过多方面的数物模比选 ,利用数学模型优化出一种可行的喇叭口航道开挖方案并付诸实施 ,降低了防波堤的堤前波高 ,满足了预期的设计要求。     

中国对虾血细胞及其免疫研究

于１９９１年３月－１９９２年４月青岛近海及一养虾场捕集中国对虾亲虾和越冬亲虾，以扫描电镜和透射电镜观察中国虾的血细胞形态及其亚显微结构；研究定量测定细胞吞噬活性的方法。结果表明，中国对虾血细胞分３种：无颗粒细胞，呈球形或梭形，胞质不含颗粒粒；小颗粒细胞及颗粒细胞，卵球形或椭球球形，胞质含有电子致密颗粒，颗粒可分均匀、非均匀的；小颗粒细胞质富含线粒体，可能与它对异物敏感易发生胞吐作用有关，该细胞是识     

Regeneration of sand waves after dredging

Sand waves are large bed waves on the seabed, being a few metres high and lying hundreds of metres apart. In some cases, these sand waves occur in navigation channels. If these sand waves reduce the water depth to an unacceptable level and hinder navigation, they need to be dredged. It has been observed in the Bisanseto Channel in Japan that the sand waves tend to regain their shape after dredging. In this paper, we address modelling of this regeneration of sand waves, aiming to predict this process. For this purpose, we combine a very simple, yet effective, amplitude-evolution model based on the Landau equation, with measurements in the Bisanseto Channel. The model parameters are tuned to the measured data using a genetic algorithm, a stochastic optimization routine. The results are good. The tuned model accurately reproduces the measured growth of the sand waves. The differences between the measured weave heights and the model results are smaller than the measurement noise. Furthermore, the resulting parameters are surprisingly consistent, given the large variations in the sediment characteristics, the water depth and the flow field. This approach was tested on its predictive capacity using a synthetic test case. The model was tuned based on constructed predredging data and the amplitude evolution as measured for over 2 years. After tuning, the predictions were accurate for about 10 years. Thus, it is shown that the approach could be a useful tool in the optimization of dredging strategies in case of dredging of sand waves.     

赤潮叉角藻18SrDNA和ITS区序列测定与分析

采用PCR及克隆测序的方法，对1998年引发渤海赤潮的叉角藻18SrRNAadldey DNAITS区（Internal Transcribed Spacer Regions)进行了序列测定与分析。并通过因特网从国际分子生物学数据库中获取甲藻另外15个种的18rDNA序列，以Tetrahymena corlissi作为类群，分别采用Neighbor-Joining和Fitch方法构建甲藻较为一致和可靠的进化树图，探讨具有高度多样性和在分类上争议较多的甲藻各类群之间的形态与分子进化关系。结果表明，Prorocentrum(有2个简单的壳板）出现得较早，而大多数多甲藻目（覆盖着多个壳板）、裸甲藻目（大多数不具壳板）和膝沟藻目的成员较晚出现。另外，对叉角藻ITS区的分析表明，ITS区为高变区，是良好的分子标记，可用于叉角藻快速鉴定的专一性核酸分子探针的研制。     

Quantitative basin characterisation to refine debris-flow triggering criteria and processes: an example from the Italian Western Alps

This paper investigates rapid channelized debris flow related to rainfalls in small alpine basins. Its goal is to evaluate and correlate different geological and technical aspects with predisposing and triggering factors that can control these phenomena. The study area is the upper part of the Susa Valley where 12 small basins were selected. For each of them, lithological, geomorphological, climatic and technical information were mapped and analysed. Debris-flow triggering conditions, flow and depositional processes were related to physical characteristics of the basin that can be easily measured and quantified. At least three different groups of basins were found: G1) basins with one event each 4–6 years, characterised by massive or blocky calcareous rocks, G2) basins with more than one event per year that show an abundance of layered or sheared fine-grained rocks and G3) basins with recurrence levels exceeding 10 years, activated only by heavy and prolonged rainfalls, marked by massive or blocky coarse-grained igneous rocks. Furthermore, important morphometric differences were found. These considerations are useful in terms of hazard zonation and risk mitigation.