HUNGARY AFTER 1989: INSCRIBING A NEW PAST ON PLACE*

ABSTRACT. Since the fall of the Communist government in 1989, Hungary's political monuments and historical shrines have undergone great change. Although popular attention focused on the removal of overtly political monuments, new shrines were also created, and forgotten memorials were restored. In a departure from earlier political eras, decisions about contested places are issuing from local authorities and private citizens, rather than from the central government. The result is a sometimes subtle rearrangement of public memorials and shrines that interprets the national past by drawing symbolic and spatial parallels between some historical events while rejecting connections among others. The meanings of events and places, particularly those linked to twentieth‐century wartime and civil upheavals, remain contested.     

青年毛泽东世界观转变历程探微

在由资产阶级民主主义者转变为坚定的共产主义者的过程中毛泽东经历了前后相继的三种文化氛围 :190 2年入家乡私塾置身中国传统文化氛围 ;1910年入湘乡高等小学后受西方资产阶级文化熏陶 ;1918年 6月到北京后才开始接触到马克思主义 ,逐步完成世界观的转变。真正成为马克思主义者是在 192 0年下半年。