用溶解度法研究在不同pH值下的亚铊和硫氰酸根的络合反应

亚铊和硫氰酸根的络合反应县有不少研究。但结果十分不一致。通常认为亚铊离子和硫氰酸根不络合。Sundaram等用极谱法的结果支持此点。但是Bell等用溶度法证明溶液中有TISCN分子,并测得其稳定常数K1为6．25。Leonard等也用极谱法证明溶液中有TISCN,     

海水甲壳类人工育苗过程中的水质控制

水质控制是海水甲壳类人工育苗中的关键技术之一，但是囿于设备条件的限制而难以有效进行，本文总结出两种简便的水质检测指标；pH值和水质指示生物，并对水质控制的一般原理方法进行了初步的探讨。     

用卫星高光谱数据提取江西德兴铜矿矿山废水的pH值污染指标

在对德兴铜矿矿山废水的光谱特征深入分析研究的基础上,总结了不同类型水体(酸性水、碱性水以及河流水)的特征光谱,并利用地物谱特征开展矿山废水pH值污染指标提取研究。针对水体光谱反射率低、特征光谱不明显的特点,采用矿区卫星Hyperion高光谱数据,应用ISA算法和掩膜技术识别出水体分布并进一步与MNF变换有效结合,根据波段散点图进行不同pH值水体的有效分割。为矿山废水污染的诊断和监测提供了新技术和理论支撑。     

Geochemistry of the Rare Earth Elements in Natural Terrestrial Waters：A Review of What Is Currently Knows

The range of observed chemical compositions of natural terrestrial waters varies greatly especially when compared to the essentially constant global composition of the oceans.The concentrations of the REEs in natural terrestrial waters also exhibit more variation than what was reported in seawater,In terrestrial waters ,pH values span the range from acid up to alkaline,In addition,terrestrial waters can range from very dilute waters through to highly concentrated brines.The REE concentrations and their behavior in natural terrestrial waters reflect these compositional ranges,Chemical weathering of rocks represents the source of the REEs to natural terrestrial waters and ,consequently,the REE signature of rocks can impart their REE signature to associated waters,In addition,Because of the typical low solubilities of the REEs both surface and solution complexation can be important in fractionating REEs in aqueous solution.Both of these processes are important in all natural terrestrial waters,however,their relative importance varies as a function of the overall solution composition,In alkaline waters,for example,Solution complexation of the REEs with carbonate ions appears to control their aqueous distributions whereas in acid waters,the REE signature of the labile fraction of the REEs is readily leached from the rocks.In circumneutral pH waters,both processes appear to be important and their relative significance has not yet been determined.     

北京城近郊区土壤中Cd的释放、形态转化与演变趋势

在对北京城近郊区主要类型土壤(潮土和褐土)中Cd形态分析的基础上,研究pH与土壤中Cd的释放量及其形态转化的关系.结果表明:潮土和褐土中Cd的释放量曲线都呈下凹的弧形,在pH=6～7之间释放量最低.pH对土壤中Cd释放的影响,其本质是土壤中Cd的化学形态发生了变化,各形态间的转化以水溶态为中介体.所有的形态转化中,pH对交换态和碳酸盐结合态影响最大,且这两者之间的转化对生物有效量起决定性作用.进而根据北京城近郊区土壤中生物有效Cd的分布状况,结合北京市近12年监测的大气pH值,对北京城近郊区土壤Cd污染进行预警.     

细菌源3-羟基脂肪酸作为环境变化代用指标的研究进展

细菌源3-羟基脂肪酸(C10-C18)作为环境变化指示指标具有良好的应用前景,但相关研究还很不系统,在海洋环境中的应用刚刚起步.3-羟基脂肪酸主要用于环境中pH和温度的重建,通过其支链比(异构和反异构3-羟基脂肪酸之和/正构3-羟基脂肪酸之和)与pH的显著正相关关系反演环境中的pH,通过其C15和C17同系物的反异构/...     

Geochemical process of fluorine in soil

Fluorine is in the dynamic balance of two geochemical processes, enrichment and leaching, reflecting the adsorption and desorption of fluoride by clay minerals, respectively. The two geochemical processes of fluorine in soil are influenced by factors including geochemical characteristics of soil and clay minerals, pH and sanity of soil solutions, climate, grazing and agriculture activities. Main factors controlling enrichment and leaching process of fluorine in soil can be found with interaction consideration.     

石英砂表面铁胶膜的合成——pH和铁摩尔比[Fe(Ⅱ)]/[Fe(Ⅲ)]的影响

本研究以石英砂为载体,在其颗粒表面合成铁胶膜,并探讨合成体系不同初始pH(5,6,7)及铁摩尔比(R=[Fe(Ⅱ)]/[Fe(Ⅲ)])等条件对铁胶膜形成的影响。研究表明,在初始pH相同的情况下,当R为0时,铁胶膜的矿物成分为弱晶质的水铁矿;R为0.01时的矿物成分为赤铁矿;R分别为0.02、0.04、0.06和0.10时为针铁矿,且随着R增加,X射线衍射(XRD)图谱中针铁矿的峰强度逐渐增加,扫描电镜(SEM)可观察到针铁矿晶形逐渐变大,且在R为0.10时晶体形貌最大;当R为0.50和体系只加入Fe(Ⅱ)时合成的铁矿物主要为针铁矿与磁铁矿的混合物。当R一定时,随着合成体系初始pH的增加,胶膜中针铁矿的XRD峰强度逐渐增强,在初始pH为7时其峰最强,且晶形逐渐变大。