A synthesis map of the sky at 34.5 MHz

This paper describes a wide-field survey made at 34.5 MHz using GEETEE,1 the low frequency telescope at Gauribidanur (latitude 13°36′12′′N). This telescope was used in the transit mode and by per forming 1-D synthesis along the north-south direction the entire observable sky was mapped in a single day. This minimized the problems that hinder wide-field low-frequency mapping. This survey covers the declination range of-50° to + 70° (- 33° to +61° without aliasing) and the complete 24 hours of right ascension. The synthesized beam has a resolution of 26′ x 42′ sec (δ- 14°. 1). The sensitivity of the survey is 5 Jy/beam (1σ). Special care has been taken to ensure that the antenna responds to all angular scale structures and is suitable for studies of both point sources and extended objects This telescope is jointly operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore and the Roman Research Institute, Bangalore.     

Wide-Field Camera for Gravitational Microlensing Survey: MOA-cam2

We have constructed a large, mosaic CCD camera called MOA-cam2 which has 4096 × 6144-pixelsto search for gravitational microlensing events. MOA-cam2 has three4096 × 2048-pixel SITe CCD chips, which have a very high quantum efficiency (nearly 80% in the wave region 500 to 800 nm),and three buttable sides. We have placed the threechips side by side with 100 m dead space. MOA-cam2 has been installed on the 61 cm Boller and Chivens telescope of the MOA collaboration at the Mt. John University Observatory (MJUO) in NewZealand since July 1998. The field coverage is 0.92° × 1.38° per exposure. The technical details of MOA-cam2 and the first images obtained with the Boller and Chivens telescope are presented. MOA-cam2 introduces a second phase of research on gravitational microlensing by the MOA collaboration.     

基于照明度的广域电磁观测系统优化分析

从电磁正演模拟结果出发,引入了地震勘探中“照明度”的概念,提出了电磁勘探的照明度定义及特征函数等。对照明度的地表平面特征、随深度变化特征和随频率与大地电阻率的变化特征进行了模拟分析,总结了其规律。通过分析,对广域电磁法的观测系统提出了优化建议,对野外测量的偏移角度和范围提供了借鉴。     

泉州官桥地区地热勘探靶区及成因模式探讨

福建省地热资源主要以中低温水热系统为主,对于其中深部的控热过程及条件目前还存在认识上的不足。本次研究综合重力及广域电磁法对研究区的断层及凹陷进行了详细的勘测和解译,推测出5条主断裂和10条次级断裂,并划定出凹陷区的分布范围。泉州官桥地区的对流型地热资源是储热岩体、导热断层和保热盖层的“三元”聚热模式。根据该聚热模式,一级断裂F31与F8的交汇部位可圈定为一级地热勘探靶区,GQ-F2与GQ-F3和GQ-F4、GQ-F7与F29、F1与F30、GQ-F10与GQ-F11的交汇部位可圈定为二级地热勘探靶区。在一级地热勘探靶区内布设的DR02孔显示,0~300m深度水温增速由快至慢,300m深度以下温度稳定在48℃。利用地热验证钻孔检验了聚热模式及圈定靶区的可靠性,这对于泉州官桥地区的地热资源开发利用具有重要意义。     

A new family of non-linear filters for background subtraction of wide-field surveys

In this paper the definitions and properties of a newly dedicated set of high-frequency filters based on smoothing-and-clipping are briefly described. New applications for the reduction of wide-field 2048x2048 CCD spectral and direct images of a new deep survey KISS are also presented.     

双分量广域电磁法在深埋隧洞工程勘察中的应用

广域电磁法是一种高效、抗干扰能力强的电磁勘探方法,常规E-Ex观测方式仅处理单分量信息,不利于复杂构造区勘探应用。开展E-Ex及E-Ey双分量观测与解释,是提高勘探精度的有效途径。为测试双分量广域电磁法的应用效果,本文以西南地区卡拉水电站深埋隧洞工程勘察为例,阐述和说明了双分量广域电磁法的基本原理、数据采集方案、数据处理及反演方法,获得了目标洞线剖面的双分量广域视电阻率及其二维反演模型;结合地质资料,对反演模型进行了推断解释。结果表明,双分量广域电磁法反演模型准确反映了目标剖面的主要电性结构,较好揭示了断裂及破碎带的位置和倾向;与常规E-Ex单分量观测相比,E-Ex及E-Ey双分量广域电磁法可在少量增加施工成本的基础上提供双倍的观测数据量,具有高效及可用信息多等优点,有利于提高复杂构造区勘探精度,是深埋隧洞勘察的一种有效手段。     

广域电磁法在洞庭盆地北部生物气勘探中应用及远景靶区预测

洞庭盆地地处湘西古生界边缘,经历了中生代晚白垩世盆地基本成型和新生代断块运动为主的两期构造旋回,为终成于燕山(中生代)延续于喜马拉雅(新生代)的断陷盆地。盆内局部凹陷白垩系之上存在着持续砂泥岩沉积及第四纪河流湖泊相现代沉积,具备了形成一定规模生物气藏的地质条件。2013-2015年笔者通过洞庭盆地浅层沉积物系统地球化学勘探,基本搞清了盆地内渗漏甲烷气体异常的分布状况。根据各指标地球化学异常特征,发现洞庭盆地北部沅江凹陷北部斜坡、青树嘴-河坝镇一带是洞庭盆地内生物气资源最有可能突破的远景区。为了追索渗漏甲烷气体来源,深化地球化学异常解释评价以及浅层生物气系统研究,2015-2016年在发现的生物气远景区,部署完成5条广域电磁测深和两条汞气测量剖面。本研究旨在通过实测地球物理和地球化学综合剖面的对比研究,揭示本区第四系构造分布和地球化学异常机制,为洞庭盆地生物气资源远景和气藏靶区的预测划分提供科学依据,也为勘探第四系生物气资源方法技术的选择提供了建议。勘探成果表明：(1)本区第四系能够满足生物气系统“生储盖”条件,具有生物气资源潜力;(2)沉积物游离烃甲烷地球化学异常是下伏第四系内气体聚集沿断裂带或沉积层向表层渗漏运移所致。酸解烃指标是识别有利于生物气体生储环境的敏感因子之一;(3)洞庭盆地工区西北部,P2剖面南段和P2线北部与P3、P4剖面交汇区域,具有良好的“自生自储”型生物气藏资源远景,是本区勘探生物资源天然气最有希望的靶区;(4)洞庭湖北部工区东部,P6测线南部接近沅江凹陷中心的四季红一带,是本区寻找 “自生自储”和“下生上储”型气藏的有利地带和资源远景区;(5)浅层沉积物地球化学勘探,有利于发现与生物气有关的气体渗漏、评价下伏沉积体系特性、缩小地球物理勘探靶区。地球化学与广域电磁剖面测量的结合是勘探生物成因天然气经济快速的方法技术。     

近地天体望远镜配置大阵面CCD后轴外像差的校正

近地天体望远镜由SI600S (4k×4k) CCD升级为STA1600LN (10k×10k) CCD后,观测视场由4 deg~2增至9 deg~2,可用视场直径由望远镜原设计视场的3.14°增至4.28°,超出原设计36%,同时作为CCD密封窗的场镜增厚8.75 mm;两个因素导致10k CCD成像的轴外像差增大,视场外围的像质变差.依据望远镜原始设计光学参数,借助光学设计软件ZEMAX进行像质改善尝试,最终选择在10k CCD场镜前插入一个由两片球面透镜组成的场改正镜,使10k CCD的轴外像差得到校正.同时还提出了一个进一步拓展近地天体望远镜观测能力的设计方案,将望远镜的可用视场从目前的14.38 deg~2扩展至28.27 deg~2.     

A modified algorithm for CLEANing wide-field maps with extended structures

A simple but effective modification to the conventional CLEAN algorithm is suggested. This modification ensures both stability and speed when CLEAN is applied to maps containing a mixture of point sources and extended structures. The method has been successfully applied to the recently-completed sky survey at 34.5 MHz (Dwarakanath & Udaya Shankar 1990). This survey was made using the Gauribidanur T array (GEETEE)1 in 1-D aperture synthesis mode. Since in this case the ‘dirty beam’ (point spread function) cannot be directly computed, a method to obtain this is discussed in detail. The results of this deconvolution procedure have been encouraging in terms of reduced computing time and improved dynamic range in our maps. This algorithm should find wider application in deconvolving maps which have both extended structures and point sources This telescope is jointly operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore & the Raman Research Institute, Bangalore.     

泉州官桥地区地热勘探靶区及成因模式探讨

福建省地热资源主要以中低温水热系统为主,对于其中深部的控热过程及条件目前还存在认识上的不足.本次研究综合重力及广域电磁法对研究区的断层及凹陷进行了详细的勘测和解译,推测出5条主断裂和10条次级断裂,并划定出凹陷区的分布范围.泉州官桥地区的对流型地热资源是储热岩体、导热断层和保热盖层的"三元"聚热模式.根据该聚热模式,一...