Evolution of the Radio Luminosities of the Tycho and Kepler Supernovae Remnants

Radio emission of the historical supernovae remnants Tycho (SNR1572) and Kepler (SNR1604) and evolution of their luminosity are considered. Measurement data of secular luminosity decrease rate, obtained earlier by the authors, were corrected with account of variation in time of the flux density of the reference sources. As a result, it is found that the SNR1604 luminosity at 1667 MHz is weakening with an annual mean rate equal to (0.2 ± 0.07)%. The corresponding rate for SNR1572 is (0.47 ± 0.05)%. Since the radio luminosity evolution, as well as energy densities of magnetic field and relativistic electrons inside SNR1604 and SNR1572 are essentially different, these remnants should be considered as different types of supernovae. Bandiera classified SN1604 as type SNIb or SNII.     

月球第谷区域内“冻融地貌”的发现

随着月球探测的不断深入,月球上是否有水或水冰的存在已引起开展行星和月球研究的科学家们的高度关注。以往的研究多偏重于仪器的探测,以及极少量的样品测试分析,结果并不令人满意。我们通过对月球高分辨率的卫星影像资料的详细解析,从水和水冰形成的特有的地貌类型——冻融地貌入手,发现月球上存在大量由冻融作用产生的与地球相似的"冻融地貌"类型,主要有:冻融泥流、冻胀丘、冻胀脊、冻胀裂隙、热融塌陷、热融滑坡等,并且以哥白尼纪的第谷月坑及周边保留最多、最好和最完整。这些"冻融地貌"的发现,对探讨月球上是否曾经存在水或水冰,以及进一步开展月球形成演化等科学问题的研究具有重要意义。