流气式正比计数管效率标定

本文介绍了一种新的标定流气式正比计数管的方法。此方法的特点是把正比管作为吸收体,利用He气对光子较为透明的原理,标定正比管的探测效率。方法简便实用,并对P-10(90%Ar+10%CH_4)为工作气体的正比管进行了标定。     

Imaging gas counters for X- and gamma ray astronomy

Gas-filled detectors, such as proportional counters, have long been used in x-ray astronomy. They are robust, relatively easy to fabricate, and can provide large collecting areas with reasonable spatial and energy resolution. Despite coming of age in the 50's and 60's, their versatility is such that they are still planned for future missions. A vigorous development program, led mostly by the high energy physics community, has ensured continued improvements in proportional counter technology. These include multistep counters, microstrip technologies and optical avalanche chambers. High fill-gas pressures and the use of suitable converters permit operation up to 100s of GeV. The current status of imaging gas-filled detectors will be reviewed, concentrating on the lower energy region (<100 keV) but also briefly covering higher energy applications up to the GeV region. This review is not intended to be exhaustive and draws heavily on work currently in progress at MSFC.     

一种探测低能X射线用的前置放大器

本文叙述了一种性能良好的电荷灵敏前置放大器,把它用于低能X射线的探测,从其计算结果看是可行的。并在实验中取得了较好的结果。     

Soil erosion determinations by using 137Cs technique in the agricultural regions of Gediz Basin, Western Turkey

Gediz Basin is one of the regions where intense agricultural activities take place in Western Turkey. Erosion and soil degradation have long been causing serious problems to cultivated fields in the basin. This work describes the application of two different ¹³⁷Cs models for estimating soil erosion rates in cultivated sites of the region. Soil samples were collected from five distinct cultivated regions subject to soil erosion. The variations of ¹³⁷Cs concentrations with depth in soil profiles were investigated. Soil loss rates were calculated from ¹³⁷Cs inventories of the samples using both proportional model (PM) and simplified mass balance model (SMBM). When PM was used, erosion and deposition rates varied from −15 to −28 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ and from +5 to +41 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, respectively; they varied from −16 to −33 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ and from +5 to +55 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ with SMBM. A good agreement was observed between the results of two models up to 30 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ soil loss and gain in the study area. Ulukent, a small representative agricultural field, was selected to compare the present data of ¹³⁷Cs techniques with the results obtained by universal soil loss equation (USLE) applied in the area before.     

利用时序图设计异步计数器的一种方法

本文利用时序图设计异步计数器的方法,对选擇合适的时钟脉冲和直接获得最简化的卡诺图,是最简便的     

宇宙线通过正比管径迹长度的模拟计算

高能天体物理观测中,宇宙线带电粒子通过探测器丢失的能量常是产生探测器本底信号的重要来源。宇宙线产生的信号与它通过探测器的径迹长度和探测器大小、形状有关。因气球X射线天文观测和γ射线暴观测的需要,空间天文实验室研制了若干种正比计数器,为此我们进行了宇宙线通过正比管径迹长度的模拟计算,它是整个设计工作中的一部分。