Some Homogeneous Bianchi type IX Viscous Fluid Cosmological Models with a Varying Λ

Some Bianchi type IX viscous fluid cosmological models are investigated. To get a solution, a supplementary condition between metric potentials is used. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density, whereas the coefficient of shear viscosity is considered as proportional to scale of expansion in the model. The cosmological constant Λ is found to be positive and is a decreasing function of time, which is supported by results from recent supernovae observations. Some physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed.     

Full Causal Bulk Viscous LRS Bianchi I With Time Varying Constants

In this paper we study the evolution of a LRS Bianchi I Universe, filled with a bulk viscous cosmological fluid in the presence of time varying constants “but” taking into account the effects of a c-variable into the curvature tensor. We find that the only physical models are those which “constants” G and c are growing functions on time t, while the cosmological constant Λ is a negative decreasing function. In such solutions the energy density obeys the ultrastiff matter equation of state i.e. ω = 1.     

Some Bianchi Type I Viscous Fluid Cosmological Models with a Variable Cosmological Constant

Some Bianchi type I viscous fluid cosmological models with a variable cosmological constant are investigated in which the expansion is considered only in two direction i.e. one of the Hubble parameter is zero. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density whereas the coefficient of shear viscosity is considered as constant in first case whereas in other case it is taken as proportional to scale of expansion in the model. The cosmological constant Λ is found to be positive and is a decreasing function of time which is supported by results from recent supernovae Ia observations. Some physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed.     

Strange quark matter attached to string cloud in Bianchi type-III space time

We have obtained Bianchi type-III cosmological model with strange quark matter attached to the string cloud in general relativity. For solving the Einstein’s field equations the relation [C=A ⁿ ] between metric coefficients C and A is used. Also, some physical and kinematic properties of the model are discussed.The results are analogous to results obtained by Yilmaz (Gen. Rel. Grav. 38:1397–1406, 2006).     

辉绿岩裂缝对其磁组构的影响

磁组构是由岩石中磁性矿物定向分布而产生的组构特征,因此磁组构分析是研究岩石组构常用的技术手段,它具有 见效快、灵敏度高、无损样品等特点,近年来得到广泛应用。然而在磁组构研究工作中钻取定向样品或定向手标本时,常 常会遇到天然样品含有裂缝且裂缝中充填大量近地表沉积物和自生矿物。本文针对辉绿岩裂缝充填物对其磁组构结果的影 响程度做了详细研究,选用160个含裂缝的辉绿岩岩芯定向样品,通过对比去除裂缝充填物前后的磁组构变化,发现实验 前后所有样品磁化率大小变化率平均值<1%,磁组构方向变化平均值<1°,因此认为辉绿岩裂缝物质对其磁组构影响甚微。 矿物学和岩石磁学分析表明裂隙充填物主要为石英、长石,以及少量赤铁矿、黄铁矿和绿泥石等表生矿物。而辉绿岩的携 磁矿物主要是亚铁磁性的磁铁矿,其磁化率强度约为同等质量裂缝填充物的30倍,致使辉绿岩中的裂隙充填物对磁组构的 影响很小。     

Higher-dimensional vacuum bianchi-mixmaster cosmologies

We derive some new exact 7-dimensional cosmological solutions |R⊗ I ⊗N, whereN = I, II, VI₀, VII₀, VIII and IX are the various 3-dimensional Bianchi models. The solutions given are higher-dimensional generalizations of the mixmaster cosmologies. There is a strong influence of the extra spacesN, which results in a fundamental change of the 3-dimensional cosmology.     

Bianchi type-II space-times with constant deceleration parameter in self creation cosmology

The properties of locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type-II perfect fluid space-times are analyzed in Barber’s second self-creation theory by using a special law of variation for Hubble’s parameter that yields a constant value of deceleration parameter. By assuming the equation of state p=γ ρ, many new solutions are obtained for different era—Zel’dovich, radiation, vacuum and vacuum energy dominated. The solutions with power-law and exponential expansion are discussed. A detailed study of geometrical and physical parameters is carried out. The nature of singularity is also clarified in each case.     

岩石I型裂纹定向扩展规律试验研究

为精准获得岩石I型裂纹扩展演化全过程,采用一种简易裂纹定向扩展装置开展了不同岩性试样裂纹扩展试验研究,借助声发射及数字散斑技术对裂纹扩展全过程进行了监测,建立了裂纹定向扩展力学模型,分析了裂纹扩展过程中声发射及变形场的演化规律,提出了评价岩石I型裂纹扩展难易程度的能量指标CE,探讨了I型裂纹定向起裂扩展机制。结果表明：该简易裂纹定向扩展装置能够有效实现I型裂纹沿预定方向稳定扩展,其起裂角均小于10º,同时通过简化力学模型计算得到白砂岩、灰砂岩的裂纹扩展峰值强度与巴西劈裂抗拉强度相比偏差分别为22.76%、7.53%;根据变形场演化规律,可将裂纹扩展分为微裂隙发育（散斑变形场分区不明显）、主控裂纹孕育（散斑变形场出现分区现象）和主控裂纹扩展3个阶段;声发射演化过程可分为平静期、缓增期、急增期和降低期4个阶段,由于灰砂岩相较于白砂岩质地更致密、更坚硬,导致其声发射平静期长,而后3个阶段持续时间短;将载荷−位移曲线峰前与峰后的面积之比定义为评价岩石I型裂纹扩展难易程度的能量指标CE,计算得到灰砂岩、白砂岩的CE分别为13～16、1～2,表明CE可有效评价岩石I型裂纹扩展难易程度;岩石I型裂纹起裂扩展机制可概况为：在加载峰值前裂隙尖端受最大拉应力作用,存储的弹性能快速增加、耗散能缓慢增加,但在加载峰值后裂隙尖端存储弹性能超过其储能极限迅速释放,此时输入能大部分转化为耗散能促进主控裂纹快速扩展。后续将对裂纹定向扩展试验装置进一步优化改进,以期为裂纹扩展机制、岩石破坏前兆信息、裂纹止裂原理等研究提供一种新方法,同时为工程现场煤岩层定向爆破、压裂、止裂等相关技术优化提供理论指导。     

N-dimensional string cosmological model in Brans–Dicke theory of gravitation

A spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-I cosmological model is examined with N-dimensions in Brans–Dicke (Phys. Rev. 124, 925, 1961) scalar-tensor theory of gravitation. Some properties of the model are also studied.      

Nonlinear spinor field in Bianchi type-I Universe filled with viscous fluid: numerical solutions

We consider a system of nonlinear spinor and a Bianchi type I gravitational fields in presence of viscous fluid. The nonlinear term in the spinor field Lagrangian is chosen to be λ F, with λ being a self-coupling constant and F being a function of the invariants I an J constructed from bilinear spinor forms S and P. Self-consistent solutions to the spinor and BI gravitational field equations are obtained in terms of τ, where τ is the volume scale of BI universe. System of equations for τ and ε, where ε is the energy of the viscous fluid, is deduced. This system is solved numerically for some special cases.