The color‐magnitude diagram of NGC 2264

Existing photometry for NGC 2264 tied to the Johnson & Morgan (1953) UBV system is reexamined and, in the case of the original observations by Walker (1956), reanalyzed in order to generate a homogeneous data set for cluster stars. Color terms and a Balmer discontinuity effect in Walker's observations were detected and corrected, and the homogenized data were used in a new assessment of the cluster reddening, distance, and age. Average values of E_{B – V} = 0.075 ± 0.003 s.e. and V₀ –M_V = 9.45 ± 0.03 s.e. (d = 777 ± 12 pc) are obtained, in conjunction with an inferred cluster age of ∼5.5 × 10⁶ yr from pre‐main‐sequence members and the location of the evolved, luminous, O7 V((f)) dwarf S Mon relative to the ZAMS. The cluster main sequence also contains gaps that may have a dynamical origin. The dust responsible for the initial reddening towards NGC 2264 is no more than 465 pc distant, and there are numerous, reddened and unreddened, late‐type stars along the line of sight that are difficult to separate from cluster members by standard techniques, except for a small subset of stars on the far side of the cluster embedded in its gas and dust and background B‐type ZAMS members of Mon OB2. A compilation of likely NGC 2264 members is presented. Only 3 of the 4 stars recently examined by asteroseismology appear to be likely cluster members. NGC 2264 is also noted to be a double cluster, which has not been mentioned previously in the literature (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

黄河三角洲湿地表层沉积物中典型抗生素的分布特征和生态风险评估

作为一类新污染物,沉积物中的抗生素对生态系统构成了潜在的威胁。探究常见抗生素在黄河三角洲[Huanghe (Yellow) River Delta, HRD]表层沉积物中的赋存状况及其生态风险具有现实意义。利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了2021年6月采自HRD南北两个区域表层沉积物中的磺胺类(SAs)、喹诺酮类(QNs)、大环内酯类(MLs)和四环素类(TCs)共14种抗生素的含量。结果表明,抗生素的总检出率为52.8%,浓度范围为nd (未检出)～22.6 ng/g, QNs和MLs检出率较高; QNs和TCs的浓度水平较高。HRD表层沉积物抗生素浓度分布特征的主要影响因素是人口密度以及农业和畜牧业发展,次要因素是沉积物的理化性质。南部区域抗生素浓度水平显著高于北部区域,沉积物中有机质和黏土含量与QNs和TCs显著正相关。生态风险评价结果表明,南部区域的生态风险水平明显高于北部区域,其中QNs和TCs为主要贡献者,但抗生素生态风险水平并不只由浓度决定,还取决于其对水生生物的毒性大小和沉积物的理化性质。