Cosmological Constant, Minimal Mass and Electroweak Interaction

A lower bound for the mass of a rotating body is derived in the general relativity theory with positive cosmological term Λ. The bound suggests a neutrino rest mass ∼1 meV and a neutrino magnetic moment of 10⁻⁴¹ erg/gauss ∼ Planck's magnetic moment. A connection between gravity and electroweak interaction is suggested.     

Periodicity in the redshift distribution of quasi stellar objects

There have been claims, from time to time that there are periodicities in the redshift distribution of quasistellar objects. These claims are examined from various statistical angles for the 2164 QSO redshifts available in the latest compilation by Hewitt& Burbidge (1990). The statistical tests reveal moderate to strong evidence for periodicities ξ = 0.0565 and 0.01270-0.129.     

Higher Dimensional Cosmological Implications Of A Decay Law For λ Term: Expressions For Some Observable Quantities

Implications of cosmological model with a cosmological term of the form , where β is a constant, are analyzed in multidimensional space time. The proper distance, the luminosity distance-redshift, the angular diameter distance-redshift, and look back time-redshift for the model are presented. It has been shown that models are found to be compatible with the present observations. This work, has thus generalized to higher dimensions the well-known result in four dimensional space time. It is found that the difference is significant at least in the principal to the anologous situation in four dimensional space time.     

Bianchi type-II space-times with constant deceleration parameter in self creation cosmology

The properties of locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type-II perfect fluid space-times are analyzed in Barber’s second self-creation theory by using a special law of variation for Hubble’s parameter that yields a constant value of deceleration parameter. By assuming the equation of state p=γ ρ, many new solutions are obtained for different era—Zel’dovich, radiation, vacuum and vacuum energy dominated. The solutions with power-law and exponential expansion are discussed. A detailed study of geometrical and physical parameters is carried out. The nature of singularity is also clarified in each case.     

Are gamma-ray bursts the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays?

We reconsider the possibility that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the sources of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) within the internal shock model, assuming a pure proton composition of the UHECRs. For the first time, we combine the information from gamma-rays, cosmic rays, prompt neutrinos, and cosmogenic neutrinos quantitatively in a joint cosmic ray production and propagation model, and we show that the information on the cosmic energy budget can be obtained as a consequence. In addition to the neutron model, we consider alternative scenarios for the cosmic ray escape from the GRBs, i.e., that cosmic rays can leak from the sources. We find that the dip model, which describes the ankle in UHECR observations by the pair production dip, is strongly disfavored in combination with the internal shock model because (a) unrealistically high baryonic loadings (energy in protons versus energy in electrons/gamma-rays) are needed for the individual GRBs and (b) the prompt neutrino flux easily overshoots the corresponding neutrino bound. On the other hand, GRBs may account for the UHECRs in the ankle transition model if cosmic rays leak out from the source at the highest energies. In that case, we demonstrate that future neutrino observations can efficiently test most of the parameter space – unless the baryonic loading is much larger than previously anticipated.     

Primordial black holes from monopoles connected by strings

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are known to be produced from collapsing cosmic defects such as domain walls and strings. In this paper we show how PBHs are produced in monopole-string networks.     

Cosmological models with the variable gravitational and cosmological constants

Cosmology with the gravitational and cosmological constants generalized as coupling scalars in Einsteins theory is considered. A general method of solving the field equations is given. Exact solution for Zeldovich fluid satisfying G=G ₀(R/R ₀) ⁿ is given.     

Nonlinear spinor field in Bianchi type-I Universe filled with viscous fluid: numerical solutions

We consider a system of nonlinear spinor and a Bianchi type I gravitational fields in presence of viscous fluid. The nonlinear term in the spinor field Lagrangian is chosen to be λ F, with λ being a self-coupling constant and F being a function of the invariants I an J constructed from bilinear spinor forms S and P. Self-consistent solutions to the spinor and BI gravitational field equations are obtained in terms of τ, where τ is the volume scale of BI universe. System of equations for τ and ε, where ε is the energy of the viscous fluid, is deduced. This system is solved numerically for some special cases.      

Fermi耀变体的辐射特性和演化研究

搜集和计算了734个Fermi耀变体样本,包括322个蝎虎天体(其中148个高峰频蝎虎天体、73个中峰频蝎虎天体以及101个低峰频蝎虎天体)和412个平谱射电类星体(其中18个高峰频平谱射电类星体、45个中峰频平谱射电类星体以及349个低峰频平谱射电类星体)。研究了每个子类的红移分布、黑洞质量分布以及γ射线光度的分布,并对其红移、黑洞质量、γ射线光度以及同步峰值频率的相关性进行了分析,结果表明:(1)根据红移与γ射线光度分别从高到低的排序,得到Fermi耀变体的演化序列遵循平谱射电类星体→蝎虎天体,且高同步峰频耀变体→中同步峰频耀变体→低同步峰频耀变体,但根据黑洞质量从高到低得到的演化序列不同,这可能是黑洞质量的估计误差以及黑洞质量样本数量较少造成的;(2)Fermi耀变体每个子类的红移与黑洞质量、黑洞质量与γ射线光度之间正相关;(3)Fermi耀变体每个子类的红移、γ射线光度分别与同步峰频之间反相关,黑洞质量与同步峰频之间不存在相关性。     

Nature of dark energy and polarization measurements

High sensitivity polarization measures, on wide angular scales, together with data on anisotropy, can be used to fix DE parameters. In this paper, first of all, we aim to determine the sensitivity needed to provide significant limits. Our analysis puts in evidence that there is a class of DE models that polarization measures can possibly exclude soon. This class includes models with DE due to a Ratra–Peebles (RP) potential. Using a likelihood analysis, we show that it is possible to distinguish RP models from ΛCDM and other dynamical DE models, already with the sensitivity of experiments like SPOrt or WMAP, thanks to their negative TE correlation at low-l, when the optical depth τ is sufficiently large. On the contrary, fixing the energy scale Λ for RP potentials or distinguishing between ΛCDM and other DE potentials requires a much lower pixel noise, that no planned polarization experiment will achieve. While reviewing this paper after the referee report, the first-year WMAP data were released. WMAP finds large positive anisotropy–polarization correlations at low l; this apparently excludes DE models with RP potentials.