Ratios of stable carbon isotopes in some High Arctic plants and lake sediments

¹³C/¹²C ratios for a number of High Arctic vascular plants (51 determinations), mosses (11), and freshwater algae (11) show considerable variation, particularly among the freshwater algae (range from-6.9 to -36.3). In some cases the stable carbon ratios on modern and fossil materials provide guidance as to whether marine waters formerly occupied a given pond or lake basin. In other cases the ¹³C values for algae collected along the present-day shore of a pond or lake bear no relation to the values obtained on constituents preserved within the bottom sediments, suggesting that major changes have occurred in the last few thousand years.Geological Survey of Canada Contribution No. 17291. Contribution No. 41 from the Cape Herschel Project.     

上海地区湿地水生维管束植物及其区系特征

在参照相关资料基础上，结合实地调查，得出上海地区湿地水生维管束植物共49科107属179种。从植物生态型和生活型等方面来划分，上海地区水生维管束植物可主要分为内陆河湖水生植物、河口海岸滩涂植物和湿生植物3种类型。从区系组成来看，包含5种以上的12个较大科构成了上海地区水生维管束植物的主体，其中禾本科和莎草科种类最多；区内各属种数都在10种以下，包含3种以上的属有19属，共79种，分别占总属数的17．8％和总种数的44．2％。从区系分布区类型来看，水生蕨类植物种主要有4种分布区类型，世界分布为主要类型；而水生种子植物属有13种分布区类型，其中6个热带分布类型共有39属，占总属数的61．9％，6个温带分布类型共有24属，占总属数的38．1％，表明上海地区水生种子植物区系具有偏热带性质。同时，讨论了水生维管束植物在湿地生态系统以及湿地生态恢复中的重要作用。     

MSCTA容积重建在非增生性脑血管畸形诊断中的价值

目的:采用多排螺旋CT血管成像(MSCTA)三维容积重建脑内血管,评价其在非增生性、畸形性脑内血管疾病诊疗中的价值。方法:回顾我院2010年5月～2012年5月明确诊断的非增生性脑血管畸形患者148例,进行多排螺旋CT脑血管成像、容积重建脑内畸形血管,并和DSA、手术结果对照分析。结果:148例患者中发现动脉瘤102例;动静脉分流型畸型31例;静脉型血管畸形10例;海绵状血管瘤4例;毛细血管扩张症1例。148例非增生性脑血管畸形中,有130例脑血管畸形MSCTA表现和DSA及手术结果相符,MSCTA对脑血管畸形检出的准确性为87.8%。结论:MSCTA是明确诊断非增生性脑血管畸形的简单、有效、无创的首选检查方法,MSCTA容积重建对非增生性脑血管畸形的检出具有较高的价值。     

西鄂尔多斯维管植物区系特征分析

 通过在西鄂尔多斯地区几年的植物标本采集以及参考前人对该地区植物名录的记载,对西鄂尔多斯地区野生维管植物种类组成、生活型、水分生态类型及植物区系地理成分进行了分析研究。结果表明:①西鄂尔多斯地区的野生维管植物共有64科、215属、433种;②植物的生活型以多年生草本为主,占52.66%,其他为乔木占0.69%、灌木占14.09%、半灌木占6.93%、一或二年生草本占24.25%、草质藤本占0.92%,类短命植物占0.46%;③植物的水分生态类型以旱生（包括强旱生、旱生和中旱生）为主,占49.42%,中生植物（包括旱中生、中生、湿中生）占47.58%,湿生植物占1.85%,水生植物仅占1.15%;④西鄂尔多斯地区植物区系地理成分组成复杂多样,在温带区系性质为主体的背景下,受欧亚草原区系、东亚森林区系、亚洲中部荒漠区系及古地中海区系的影响。     

昆明地区气象条件变化与脑血管疾病的联系

对昆明市气象资料及近年来市内两家大型医院脑血管病住院人数进行了对比分析,结果表明,昆明市特有的气象条件变化使得脑血管疾病季节性发病率不同于内地其他地区,出血性脑血管病和缺血性脑血管病在四季均有多发月份,这可能与气候温和地区人们对极端气候适应能力较弱有关.     

Fog interception by non‐vascular epiphytes in tropical montane cloud forests: dependencies on gauge type and meteorological conditions

Precipitation is the most fundamental input of water for terrestrial ecosystems. Most precipitation inputs are vertical, via rain, but can be horizontal, via wind‐driven rain and snow, or, in some ecosystems such as tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs), via fog interception. Fog interception can be particularly important in ecosystems where fog is frequently present and there are seasonal periods of lower rainfall. Epiphytes in trees are a major ecological component of TMCFs and are particularly dependent on fog interception during periods of lower rainfall because they lack access to soil water. But assessing fog interception by epiphytes remains problematic because: (i) a variety of field or laboratory methods have been used, yet comparisons of interception by epiphytes versus interception by various types of fog gauge are lacking; (ii) previous studies have not accounted for potential interactions between meteorological factors. We compared fog interception by epiphytes with two kinds of commonly used fog gauges and developed relations between fog interception and meteorological variables by conducting laboratory experiments that manipulated key fog characteristics and from field measurements of fog interception by epiphytes. Fog interception measured on epiphytes was correlated with that measured from fog gauges but was more than an order of magnitude smaller than the actual measurements from fog gauges, highlighting a key measurement issue. Our laboratory measurements spanned a broad range of liquid water content (LWC) values for fog and indicate how fog interception is sensitive to an interaction between wind speed and LWC. Based on our results, considered in concert with those from other studies, we hypothesize that fog interception is constrained when LWC is low or high, and that fog interception increases with wind speed for intermediate values of LWC—a net result of deposition, impaction, and evaporation processes—until interception begins to decrease with further increases in wind speed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种多糖小口径人工血管的机械性质表征

本文对本实验室制备的小口径人工血管的机械性质进行了表征并与大鼠腹主动脉和犬股动脉进行了比较。人工血管的内径分别为1.5、2、3和4mm,大鼠腹主动脉和犬股动脉内径分别为1.5和3mm。人工血管的加压扩张内径与自然内径有显著性差异(P0.05);其吸水率均高于270%,内径越大,吸水率越高;其内表面材料致密,外表面材料的孔隙率是(96.24±3.99)%;其水渗透压均高于8.78kPa,水渗透量均在低于2~3mL·min-1·cm-2;其爆破压在532KPa左右,均高于犬股动脉(P0.05);其纵向拉伸率均高于大鼠腹主动脉(P0.05),但低于犬股动脉(P0.05),断裂拉伸率均低于大鼠腹主动脉和犬股动脉(P0.05),其耐缝合强度均高于大鼠腹主动脉(P0.05),顺应性均低于犬股动脉(P0.05)。基于上述信息,这种小口径人工血管能满足大鼠腹主动脉和犬股动脉血管置换的要求,但仍需改进。     

CTA评价颈动脉斑块成分及体积与脑血管症状相关性

目的:采用CTA探讨脉颈动脉分叉部、颈内动脉虹吸段斑块成分和体积的差异、及其对脑血管事件的预测价值。方法:纳入行颈动脉CTA检查患者100人,其中男性65人,女性35人,平均年龄(55±9)岁。根据CT值的不同区分颈动脉分叉处及虹吸段斑块成分(脂质斑块<60 HU;混合斑块60~130 HU;钙化斑块>130 HU),并测量各成分斑块体积。分别使用独立样本T检验、χ2检验分析颈内动脉虹吸段与颈总动脉分叉部各组分斑块体积及构成比差异,并计算受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)及其曲线下的面积,分析斑块总体积、各成分斑块体积对预测出现脑血管症状的准确性。结果:颈动脉分叉段与虹吸段斑块总体积分别为(752.3±3.4) mm3,(56.2±5.541) mm3,差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。颈内动脉虹吸段脂质斑块数量构成比为16.8%,钙化斑块数量构成比为49.1%,混合斑块数量构成比为34.1%;颈总动脉脂质斑块、钙化斑块、混合斑块数量构成比分别为33.3%,32.0%,34.6%,两处斑块数量构成比差异存在统计学意义(χ2=26.077,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示颈动脉分叉斑块总体积、脂质斑块体积及混合斑块体积对脑血管症状的发生有较好的预测价值(P<0.001),曲线下面积分别为0.682、0.773及0.653,且颈动脉分叉脂质斑块体积为203.383 mm3时为最佳截割点,敏感度、特异度分别为69.0%、82.2%。结论:颈动脉分叉部和颈内动脉虹吸部不同类型斑块体积和构成比间有显著差异,颈动脉分叉部脂质斑块体积对脑血管事件有较好的预测价值。