太阳直接辐射光量子通量的气候学计算方法

为了把太阳直接辐射通量密度换算成光量子通量密度,取用了一个简单的大气模式,计算了各种太阳高度、地面气压和大气浑浊度下太阳直接辐射中的光合有效辐射能量通量和光量子通量,从而得到了单位光合有效辐射能量所具有的光量子数。结果表明:这个数是比较稳定的。在平原地区,10—90°的太阳高度范围内,1W.m~(-2)的光合有效辐射通量密度具有4.72±0.11μmol.m~(-2).s~(-1)的光量子通量密度。本文还采用北京地区四个季节定时的太阳直接辐射分光测量资料和高原观测资料检验了模式计算结果的可靠性,获得了满意的结果。     

Cohesive Sediment Transport in the Jiaojiang River Estuary, China

Extensive data were obtained of the water and fine sediment dynamics during spring tides in the extremely turbid Jiaojiang River estuary at spring tides. These data enabled the calibration of a two-dimensional (2-D) width-integrated model. Four processes dominated the mud dynamics. These were, firstly, the formation at slack tide of soft mud deposits with an erosion constant much smaller than that of the underlying compacted sediment, secondly the sediment-induced buoyancy effects, thirdly the collapse of the turbulence by the sediment suspension in the fluid mud range and fourthly the inflow of sediment at the mouth of the estuary. These findings demonstrate the necessity to have detailed field data to enable quantitative, as opposed to qualitative, modelling of mud dynamics in turbid estuaries. The estuary is infilling with sediment from the East China Sea and not from riverine inflow, this sediment presumably originates from the Yangtze River located 200 km further north.     

光学后向散射浊度仪简介及应用研究

主要介绍了进口光学散射浊度仪的结构、测量原理、校准，并对其误差和影响因素进行了分析，揭示了含沙浓度与浊度的相关关系，并结合在长江口中的应用提出其应用前景。