Early Mesozoic Southward Subduction of the Eastern Mongol–Okhotsk Oceanic Plate: Evidence from Zircon U–Pb–Hf Isotopes and Whole‐rock Geochemistry of Triassic Granitic Rocks in the Mohe Area,NE China

In this paper, we present new U–Pb zircon ages, Hf isotope data and major and trace elements for Early Mesozoic granitic rocks in Mohe area in the Erguna Massif of northeast China to elucidate the southward subduction of the eastern Mongol–Okhotsk Oceanic plate in Early Mesozoic. Zircons from two representative intrusions, syenogranites and monzogranites, in the Mohe area are euhedral–subhedral in shape, display oscillatory growth zoning in cathodoluminescence (CL) images, and have Th/U ratios of 0.10–0.72, and in combination these features indicating that the zircons are of igneous origin. U–Pb zircon dating results demonstrate that the syenogranites formed at 245.1 ± 1.4 Ma and monzogranites formed at 212.2 ± 1.7 Ma. These granitic rocks are characterized by high SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and (Na₂O + K₂O), low TFeO, MgO, TiO₂ and P₂O₅ concentrations, belonging to the high‐K calc‐alkaline series. They are enriched in LREE and large ion lithophile elements (e.g., Rb, K, and Sr), depleted in HREE and high field strength elements (e.g., Nb, Ta, Th, and Ti), as well as very weak negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.48 ~ 1.01). Their zircon εHf(t) values range from −7.9 to −2.0 and range from 0.20 to 0.49, in response to their two‐stage Hf model ages (T_DM2) range from 1.40 Ga to 1.77 Ga range from 0.94 Ga to 1.24 Ga, respectively, indicating that primary magmas of syenogranites were derived from partial melting of newly accreted juvenile crustal material that formed from the enriched mantle during the Mesoproterozoic, monzogranites are generated by partial melting of newly accreted juvenile crustal material that formed from the depleted mantle during the Meso‐ to Neoproterozoic. We conclude, therefore, that the early Mesozoic granitic rocks of the Mohe area are associated with the continuous southward subduction of the Mongol–Okhotsk oceanic plate rather than the Paleo‐Asian and circum‐Pacific tectonic regimes.     

SST年循环对El Niño事件局地海气过程的影响

利用Hadley中心逐月海表温度、欧洲中心ERA-40的10 m风场及CMAP降水资料探讨了年循环对热带太平洋El Niño海气相互作用过程的影响。尽管El Niño对应的海表温度异常主要出现在赤道东太平洋,经向上呈南北对称分布,然而其对应的大气响应在El Niño年衰减阶段却有着强的向南移动特征。在El Niño发展年的11月之前,强的西风和降水异常主要出现在赤道中太平洋;在12月份之后,赤道上的西风和降水异常迅速南移至5°S,随后西风一直维持在该位置直至衰亡。同时,西太平洋负降水和反气旋异常向北移动。这种SST异常与其大气响应的经向移动不一致,主要是由热带中太平洋气候态SST的季节性南移导致的。由于对流与海温之间存在非线性关系,即当总SST超过一定的阈值,对流降水才会迅速增强;因此相应的对流响应也随着总海温的南移而南移,风场响应也同时南移。此外,南半球增强的对流会通过经向环流进一步抑制北半球的降水,从而使西太平洋负降水和反气旋异常增强并北移。通过分析有/无年循环的两组数值试验结果验证了上述结论,即有年循环的试验较真实地模拟出了观测中异常西风南移和西北太平洋反气旋异常的出现;无年循环试验尽管能模拟出El Niño年赤道中太平洋的西风异常,但其却没有南北向的移动,西北太平洋的反气旋也没有出现。因此,热带中太平洋气候态暖海温的季节循环对El Niño事件大气响应有着至关重要的作用。     

海湾扇贝南移后繁殖期的变动

本文根据海湾扇贝的肥满度、肉柱百分数、性腺指数及消化脓指数等指标的周年变化，并结合性腺的组织切片来确定其繁殖期。结果表明，海湾扇贝南移后的繁殖期是从每年的10月下旬开始的，直到翌年5月下旬，其中4月为繁殖盛期。繁殖期间，扇贝的性腺分批成熟，分批排放，并有消退与恢复的现象。同时，海湾扇贝引进中国北方海区并南移福建后，其繁殖规律与原产地（美国大西洋沿岸）的繁殖期有很大的不同。     

大兴安岭北段富克山岩浆弧的组成:对蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋南向俯冲的制约

富克山岩浆弧呈北东向分布于大兴安岭北段富克山—古莲河一带,其物质组成、形成时代及其空间展布规律对于研究蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋晚三叠世地质构造演化具有重要意义。本文对其内的辉长岩、闪长岩、花岗闪长岩进行了岩石学、地球化学及锆石U-Pb定年分析研究,探讨大兴安岭北段晚三叠世时期的构造背景。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得辉长岩、花岗闪长岩的结晶年龄分别为(205.7±2.2) Ma、(203.2±2.5) Ma,反映了晚三叠世的构造岩浆事件。岩石学和地球化学研究表明,辉长岩、闪长岩具有富钠、高铝、高钙、高镁、高Mg^#值、低钛等特征,属于拉斑系列与钙碱性过渡系列岩石,无明显的Eu负异常,相对富集LILE和LREE,亏损HFSE。花岗闪长岩具有高硅、富钠、高铝、低镁等特征,属于钙碱性系列岩石,高Sr,低Y、Yb,无明显的Eu负异常,显示了O型埃达克质岩石的地球化学特征。富克山岩浆弧的空间展布,具有由北向南的分布规律,指示了蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋具有往南的俯冲极性。     

Tomographic Imaging of the India-Asia Plate Collisional Tectonics and Mantle Upwelling Beneath Western Tibet

To better understand the lithosphere mantle collision tectonics between the India plate and Asia plate, we determine three dimensional P wave velocity structure beneath western Tibet using 27,439 arrival times from 2,174 teleseismic events recorded by 182 stations of Hi-CLIMB Project and 16 stations in the north of Hi-CLMB. Our tomographic images show the velocity structure significantly difference beneath northern and southern Qiangtang, which can further prove that the Longmu Co-Shuanghu ophiolitic belt is a significant tectonic boundary fault zone. There are two prominent high velocity anomalies and two prominent low velocity anomalies in our images. One obvious high velocity anomalies subduct beneath the Tibet at the long distance near 34°N, whereas it is broke off by an obvious low velocity anomaly under the IYS. We interpret them as northward subducting Indian lithosphere mantle and the low velocity anomanly under IYS likely reflects mantle material upwelling triggered by tearing of the northward subduction Indian lithosphere. The other prominent high velocity anomaly was imaged at a depth from 50 km to 200 km horizontal and up to the northern Qiangtang with its southern edge extending to about 34°N through Hoh Xil block. We infer it as the southward subducting Asia lithosphere mantle. The other widely low velocity anomaly beneath the Qiangtang block lies in the gap between the frontier of India plate and Asia plate, where is the channel of mantle material upwelling.     

东北准噶尔哈旦逊石炭纪弧岩浆及堆晶柱形成机制

为了阐明东北准噶尔弧岩浆形成机制和破译中地壳P波高速块体,对哈旦逊石炭纪侵入杂岩进行了锆石U-Pb年龄(324.8～323.1 Ma)和 δ18O及 εHf(t)、矿物化学、主微量元素和Nd-Sr同位素分析.其稀土元素分布模式上凹,从闪长岩(夹带角闪石岩堆晶)到二长花岗岩的主微量元素变异可以用两阶段分离结晶模拟.结果显...     

西南三江成矿带中段羊拉铜矿体南延问题研究与找矿预测

羊拉铜矿是金沙江成矿带内规模最大的铜矿床。文章在大量分析研究前人在该区已有工作成果的基础上,综合分析羊拉铜矿区及其南部地区已有地表工程及深部工程成果,从地层、构造、岩浆岩、地球物理、地球化学特征及遥感影像特征等方面对羊拉铜矿及其南部通吉格-虽丁-加仁地区铜矿床(点)成矿地质特征进行对比研究,认为羊拉铜矿体往南进行了延伸。同时通过对羊拉铜矿以南地区铜矿床(点)成矿条件、控矿因素和矿化分布特征等进行总结,初步建立了羊拉铜矿以南地区铜矿体成矿模式,并依据成矿模式和地质条件进行了找矿预测,提出了格日-通吉格找矿靶区及虽丁-加仁找矿靶区。     

Responses of the Leading Mode of Coldwave Intensity in China to a Warming Climate

Regional extreme cold events have changed notably with recent global warming.Understanding how these cold extremes change in China is an urgent issue.This study examines the responses of the dominant mode of China coldwave intensity （CWI） to global warming by comparing observations with simulations from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） Fourth Assessment Report （AR4）.The leading modes of the CWI derived from empirical orthogonal function （EOF） analysis have different features in different epochs.During the cold period （1957-1979）,the leading mode is characterized by centers of extreme values of CWI in northern China; while during the warm period （1980-2009）,the leading mode features two maximum loading centers over northern and southern China.The southward extension of the extreme value center is associated with an increase in the intensity of coldwave variations in southern China relative to previous decades.A multi-model ensemble of seven state-of-the-art climate models shows an extension of the maximum loading of the CWI leading mode into southern China by the end of the 21st century （2080-2099） under the A1B global warming scenario （atmospheric CO2 concentration of 720 ppm）.These results indicate that the primary response of the leading mode of CWI to global warming might be a southward extension of the extreme value center.This response may be associated with the southward shift of the storm track observed during recent decades.A significant change in the baroclinic growth rates around 40°N is accompanied by a consistent change in synoptic eddies in the troposphere,which may indicate a shift in the preferred latitude for the growth of eddies.As a result,the storm track tends to move southward,suggesting that southern China may experience increased storminess due to increased baroclinic instability in the troposphere.     

Climatological Features of the Western Pacific Subtropical High Southward Retreat Process in Late Spring and Early Summer

Based on the climatological daily mean NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data,NOAA outgoing longwave radiation (OLR)data,and pentad NOAA CMAP precipitation from 1979 to 2006,the variation of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)ridge during late spring and early summer(LSES)and its relationship with the onset of the Asian summer monsoon is discussed from a climatological perspective.It is found that a remarkable southward retreat process(SRP)of the WPSH during LSES appears at both lower and higher levels of the ...     

1998年区域性水汽输送及对流活动与副高活动变异的相关特征(英)

根据1998年NCEP逐日资料和TBB逐日资料,探讨了低纬度对流活动和副高周边水汽输送及其对流活动对夏季西太平洋副热带高压季节性北跳、南撤的影响效应。研究表明:低纬热带对流加强,且110°-150°E地区的南北向垂直经圈环流下沉区北移,夏季西太平洋副热带高压有北跳现象。另外,诊断结果亦表明西太平洋副高周边纬向水汽输送的显著减弱亦预示将出现副高的北跳,而西太平洋地区低纬经向水汽输送减少一候之后,副高南撤。研究结果表明西太平洋副高北跳、南撤与低纬度的对流潜热释放、中纬西太平洋副高周边的水汽输送及其对流活动存在密切的关系。数值模拟结果进一步证实上述副高活动变异与前期水汽输送及其对流特征的相关关系。