晚更新世末期中国北方陆架区冰缘现象的发现

末次冰期极盛期,海面下降,陆架裸露。寒流爆发南下,使亚洲东部平原区比世界同纬度地区的气温低。强寒流的侵袭,使海退后的陆架平原成为我国东部冰缘地貌的形成区之一。陆架上的冰缘地貌包括:大面积分布的沙地、成群出现的沙丘、零散分布的塌陷沉积、类似揉皱现象的波状夹层、频频出现的冰楔等。      

Middle Cretaceous pCO2 Variation in Yumen,Gansu Province and its Response to the Climate Events

The palaeo-atmospheric CO_2 concentration(pCO_2) variation in the Yumen, Gansu Province during the middle Cretaceous has been reconstructed using the newly established plant photosynthetic gas exchange mechanistic model, and the results show that the p CO_2 values are in the range of about 550–808 ppmv. The present pCO_2 values are higher than the p CO2 results(531–641 ppmv) of the previous study according to the Recent standardization of the stomatal ratio method, and much lower than the pCO_2 results(882–1060 ppmv) according to the Carboniferous standardization of the stomatal ratio method. The present pCO_2 variation is not only within the error range of GEOCARBⅡ and GEOCARB Ⅲ but also is similar to the reconstructed results based on the biochemistry and carbon isotope models. Besides, the present Brachyphyllum specimens were collected from four consecutive horizons of the upper Zhonggou Formation of the Hanxia Section, and the reconstructed pCO_2 exhibits the reconstructed pCO_2 exhibits a decline trend during the late Aptian to early Albian. This decline variation is probably associated with the Oceanic Anoxic Events(OAE1 b) and the Cold snap event. With the combination of p CO_2 during the Albian to Cenomanian recovered by the plant photosynthetic gas exchange mechanistic model, the pCO_2 showed a prominent increase during the late Aptian to early Cenominian, which indicates a response to the greenhouse warming during the middle Cretaceous. Therefore, the mechanical model of the plant photosynthetic gas exchange shows a relatively strong accuracy in the reconstruction of the pCO_2 and can reflect a strong relation between the atmospheric CO_2 concentrations and climatic events.     

A distinct element method numerical investigation of compaction processes in highly porous cemented granular materials

In this paper, the results of an oedometric numerical test campaign, performed by means of a 3D Discrete Element Code on idealised cemented granular cylindrical specimens, are illustrated. The idealised microstructure taken into account is characterised by the following: (i) rigid grains bonded to one another; (ii) a high void ratio; and (iii) two different families of voids: the micro and the macro‐voids. The compaction process developing within the specimens, as well as the localization along tabular zones of pure compressive deformation (compaction banding) that in some cases takes place, are discussed. The influence on the evolution of this peculiar strain localization process of many microstructural/numerical parameters like material porosity, macro‐void size, the constitutive relationship adopted for the bonds and the bond damage rate is analysed. Tests for different values of porosity were run. Below a certain porosity threshold value, the onset of mixed modes of localisation was detected whereas the increase in the macro‐void size is observed to favour the onset of instability. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

测量浮标长效锚泊系统的研究

文章以近年来国内外锚泊系统失效事例调查为基础,论述了浮标锚系设计中,除风、浪、流外力计算之外的常被人们忽视的其它因素,从而提出测量浮标长效锚泊系统的设计方案。     

深海垂直吊放缆索系统固有频率和母船临界运动幅值快速计算方法

探索一种可描述缆索系统垂向吊放动力学行为的解析模型.给出它的自封闭方程、固有频率和简谐运动表达式,确定了母船和中际站之间的运动和张力传递函数,模拟结果能很好地符合实验估计值.导出沿着缆索的张力表达式,可用来预测缆索松驰和突变载荷的发生.     

Snap Tension in Mooring Lines of Deepwater Platform

Based on the theory of impact dynamics, the motion equations for a mooring line-floating body system before and after impact loading are established with consideration of the viscoelastic property of mooring lines. The factors that influence the taut-slack conditions of a mooring system are analyzed through classifying the taut-slack regions, which are defined by non-dimensional ratios of displacement, frequency, and damping of the system. The mooring system of Jip spar platform is analyzed, and the snap te...     

深海布放缆不同材料属性下应力波自由传播频率特性影响研究

在频域对深海布放缆系统内应力波自由传播特性进行了分析。在布放缆数学建模时使用了哈密顿原理,并在建模时考虑布放缆的曲率。计算过程中保留了缆绳曲率与其弧长坐标之间的非线性关系,并最后得到了其上传播的应力纵波与应力横波的特性。通过计算得到布放缆属性和缆绳内竖直张力等参数对缆绳内自由传播频率特性的影响曲线。结果表明,这些因素对自由传播应力波的频率关系、色散关系、相速度与群速度影响显著。对于应力纵波,整个频域可被两个截止频率与一个行波截止频率分成四个区域。除了通频带之外,在低频时亦存在抑止带和行波抑止带。应力纵波仅能在通频带中以行波形式传播,而应力横波则可以在所有频率范围内以行波形式传播。     

Apparent damping induced by spurious pitching in shaking‐table testing

A seismic shaking‐table test performed on a one‐storey steel frame with an 8 ton RC floor slab was reproduced on a similar specimen by means of the pseudo‐dynamic (PsD) method. A satisfactory agreement of the results could only be achieved after recalibration of the theoretical mass in the PsD equation and proper inclusion in the PsD test input of the horizontal and pitching accelerations measured on the table. In the shaking‐table test, the spurious pitching motion produced a significant increase in the apparent damping that could be estimated as a function of the pitching dynamic flexibility of the system. Dynamic and PsD snap‐back tests were also performed to provide an additional check of the reliability of the PsD method. The spurious pitching motion of the shaking table should always be measured during the tests and reported as a mean to increase the reliability and usefulness of the results. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.