法国“阿塔郎特”号海洋调查船上的重力取样

在海洋地质调查中，如何取得好的沉积物样品是每一位海洋地质学家所向往的，而获得好的沉积物样品的关键又很大程度上取决于先进的海洋调查仪器的使用。法国“阿塔郎特”号海洋调查船上的重力取样管不管在性能上，还是安全性上都瞰称世界上比较先进的取样设备。     

冲击凿岩钎杆的瞬态动力学分析

以ANSYS为平台，按照真实工作状态对凿岩钎杆进行了瞬态动力学分析，并对不同活塞形状下分析结果数据进行了比较，为冲击凿岩系统设计提供了理论依据。     

A GLUE‐based uncertainty assessment framework for tritium‐inferred transit time estimations under baseflow conditions

The last decade has seen major technical and scientific improvements in the study of water transfer time through catchments. Nevertheless, it has been argued that most of these developments used conservative tracers that may disregard the oldest component of water transfer, which often has transit times greater than 5 years. Indeed, although the analytical reproducibility of tracers limits the detection of the older flow components associated with the most dampened seasonal fluctuations, this is very rarely taken into account in modelling applications. Tritium is the only environmental tracer at hand to investigate transfer times in the 5‐ to 50‐year range in surface waters, as dissolved gases are not suitable due to the degassing process. Water dating with tritium has often been difficult because of the complex history of its atmospheric concentration, but its current stabilization together with recent analytical improvements open promising perspectives. In this context, the innovative contribution of this study lies in the development of a generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation‐based approach for analysing the uncertainties associated with the modelling of transit time due to both parameter identification and tracer analytical precision issues. A coupled resampling procedure allows assessment of the statistical significance of the transfer time differences found in diverse waters. This approach was developed for tritium and the exponential‐piston model but can be implemented for virtually any tracer and model. Stream baseflow, spring and shallow aquifer waters from the Vallcebre research catchments, analysed for tritium in different years with different analytical precisions, were investigated by using this approach and taking into account other sources of uncertainty. The results showed three groups of waters of different mean transit times, with all the stream baseflow and spring waters older than the 5‐year threshold needing tritium. Low sensitivity of the results to the model structure was also demonstrated. Dual solutions were found for the waters sampled in 2013, but these results may be disambiguated when additional analyses will be made in a few years. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

不同刚度植物杆群对规则波传播及紊动特性影响研究

以不同刚度硅胶圆杆群为概化植物模型,测定其抗弯弹性模量,通过波浪水槽实验,研究规则波在不同刚度植物杆群内的流速分布、紊动特征及不同刚度杆群的消浪效果。实验结果表明,当波浪通过柔性杆群时,受其摆动的影响,流速周期变化从单峰型逐渐转变成双峰型,杆群刚度越小形成的二次波峰越明显;不同刚度杆群内水体紊动强度变化显示,杆群刚度越大,造成杆群内水体的紊动强度越大;随着杆群抗弯弹性模量的增大,其消浪系数也增大,消浪系数的增长与材料的抗弯弹性模量值非线性关系,而是在某一弹性模量范围内,对消浪系数的影响较为敏感。     

自组织竞争神经网络在江苏油田有杆抽油系统故障诊断中的应用

有杆抽油系统的故障诊断技术是国内外采油工程技术中的一个重要研究课题。通过示功图的不同形状特征可以反映抽油机的不同工作状态。将自组织竞争神经网络应用于示功图的识别与分类,建立了一个自组织竞争神经网络模型对示功图进行自动聚类,从而实现故障诊断的自动化。应用江苏油田的实测示功图数据进行实验,可以看出自组织竞争神经网络具有良好的分类能力和泛化性能,是实现油田抽油系统故障诊断的有效技术,具有很强的实用价值和广泛的应用前景。     

中心取样空心螺旋钻进法

中心取样空心螺旋钻进法是新发展起来的钻进工艺,阐述了螺旋钻进法的应用与发展.并论述了各种中心取样空心螺旋钻进法的钻具结构与施工方法.包括内钻杆柱式中心取样钻具、绳索升降式中心取样钻具.摩斯取样系统以及詹姆科绳索回收取样装置.     

A rod-less piston corer for lake sediments; an improved, rope-operated percussion corer

A lightweight, percussion corer, suitable for use in remote lakes of moderate depth, is described. The operation of the corer and suggestions for securing and transporting long sediment cores are presented. In particular, the design and use of a recovery pot, which allows the retrieval of undisturbed cores from sediments of unknown depth, is detailed.     

地下钻杆透层天线

对于有耗分层媒质中的垂直透层天线，建立了Ｈａｌｌｅｎ积分方程分析法的一般理论以及求取地面电场和电压的计算方法．作为应用实例，给出了地下３层媒质中钻杆天线上的电流积分方程，并对典型的地质参数进行了数值计算．所得结果和结论，与已知的理论结果和实验规律吻合。     

汶川地震断裂带科学钻探项目WFSD-4孔定向钻进技术应用

介绍了汶川地震断裂带科学钻探项目四号孔定向钻进的施工情况,包括定向钻孔的设计、造斜工具的选择、定向方法、钻孔轨迹控制以及无线随钻定向钻进施工、利用钻具组合进行定向钻进施工、侧钻绕障和定向钻进效果。     

大直径气举反循环成套钻具的研制

介绍了大直径气举反循环成套钻具的研制背景、设计原则、结构尺寸和主要技术参数。该套钻具不仅强度大,连接便捷,而且充分考虑了通气、通泥浆、泥浆补给三大通道面积等因素,采用内平设计。经生产试验,完全能满足大直径工程井气举反循环钻进的需要。