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1.
A. P. M. Vaughan L. A. Dowling F. J. G. Mitchell S.‐E. Lauritzen A. M. McCabe P. Coxon 《第四纪科学杂志》2004,19(6):577-590
Organic‐rich deposits, uncovered during overburden removal from mantled gypsum karst at Knocknacran opencast gypsum mine, Co. Monaghan, are the best candidate to date for a last interglacial record in Ireland. The two till and organic‐rich deposits (preserved at different quarry elevations) were emplaced on to a Tertiary dolerite surface during high‐energy flood events and subsequently folded and faulted by movement towards sinkholes in underlying gypsum. Uranium–thorium disequilibrium dating suggests that the organic‐rich deposits in the upper section were hydrologically isolated at ca. 41 ka and those in the lower section at ca. 86 ka. Interpretation of the pollen content, although tentative because of the depositional and post‐depositional history of the material, suggests that the organic material originated in a warm stage possibly warmer than the post‐Eemian interstadials. The unusual setting of preservation may indicate that in situ, last interglacial deposits have generally been removed by erosion in Ireland. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
J. van der Plicht B. van Geel S. J. P. Bohncke J. A. A. Bos M. Blaauw A. O. M. Speranza R. Muscheler S. Bjrck 《第四纪科学杂志》2004,19(3):263-269
Accurate chronologies are essential for linking palaeoclimate archives. Carbon‐14 wiggle‐match dating was used to produce an accurate chronology for part of an early Holocene peat sequence from the Borchert (The Netherlands). Following the Younger Dryas–Preboreal transition, two climatic shifts could be inferred. Around 11 400 cal. yr BP the expansion of birch (Betula) forest was interrupted by a dry continental phase with dominantly open grassland vegetation, coeval with the PBO (Preboreal Oscillation), as observed in the GRIP ice core. At 11 250 cal. yr BP a sudden shift to a humid climate occurred. This second change appears to be contemporaneous with: (i) a sharp increase of atmospheric 14C; (ii) a temporary decline of atmospheric CO2; and (iii) an increase in the GRIP 10Be flux. The close correspondence with excursions of cosmogenic nuclides points to a decline in solar activity, which may have forced the changes in climate and vegetation at around 11 250 cal. yr BP. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
近2600年神农架大九湖泥炭的气候变化记录 总被引:24,自引:2,他引:24
神农架大九湖沼泽泥炭柱状样提供了分辨率为25a的约2600a来的气候变化记录。对样品进行了环境磁学参数测量、X射线荧光分析(XRF)、孢粉鉴定和统计建模,结果表明,大九湖气温的变化曲线与竺可桢中国东部的物候温度曲线以及格陵兰氧同位素变化曲线大体一致,与青藏高原东部希门错湖泊沉积物温度代用指标的变化曲线也十分相似。特别是550—1300AD间的相对温暖期,与竺可桢首次提出来的中国东部隋唐温暖期(约600-1000AD)和欧洲的中世纪暖期(930-1240AD)在时间跨度上大致对应。可划分为4个阶段:(1)600BC—550AD,气候相对冷湿;(2)550—1300AD,气候相对凉干;(3)1300—1900AD,气候又转变为冷湿,其中最冷期1400—1900AD可与欧洲的小冰期对应;(4)1900AD至今,气候又开始转向相对凉干。同时发现低频磁化率χlf与铁元素含量之比(χlf/Fe)的变化曲线与利用孢粉分析数据恢复的大九湖气候变化曲线对应得很好,特别是二者都清晰地显示了500—1300AD为一相对暖期。这预示着χlf/Fe可能是泥炭剖面的一个更好的气候记录代用指标。 相似文献
4.
度量泥炭腐殖化度的一种简便方法:泥炭灰度 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一种度量泥炭腐殖化程度简便易得的指标——灰度。通过将同一剖面灰度测量结果与传统的腐殖化度测量结果进行对比,发现二者的变化具有较强的相关性,说明导致二者变化的因素大致相同。泥炭赋色物质鉴定的实验表明腐殖质含量变化是引起灰度在剖面上变化的原因,从而进一步论证了用灰度值作为泥炭腐殖化程度指标的可行性。 相似文献
5.
Floating tephra was deposited together with ice core,snow layer,abyssal sediment,lake sediments,and other geological records.It is of great significance to interpret the impact on the climate change of volcanic eruptions from these geological records.It is the first time that volcanic glass was discovered from the peat of Jinchuan(金川)Maar,Jilin(吉林)Province,China.And it is in situ sediments from a near-source explosive eruption according to particle size analysis and identification results.The tephra were neither from Tianchi(天池)volcano eruptions,Changbai(长白)Mountain,nor from Jinlongdingzi(金龙顶子)volcano about 1 600 aBP eruption,but maybe from an unknown eruption of Longgang(龙岗)volcano group according to their geochemistry and distribution.Geochemical characters of the tephra are similar to those of Jingiongdingzi,which are poor in s.Jica,deficient in alkali,Na20 content is more than K20 content,and are similar to distribution patterns of REE and incompatible elements,which helps to speculate that they originated from the same mantle magma with rare condemnation,and from basaltic explosive eruption of Longgang volcano group.The tephra,from peat with age proved that the eruption possibly happened in 15 BC-26 AD,is one of Longgang volcano group eruption that was not recorded and is earlier than that of Jinglongdingzi about 1 600 aBP eruption.And the sedimentary time of tephra is during the period of low temperature alteration.which may be the influence of eruption toward the local climate according to the correlativity of eruption to local temperature curve of peat cellulose oxygen isotope. 相似文献
6.
Floating and grounded peat plateaus were studied in fens in the Yukon Territory (Canada). The peat deposit may be over 4 m thick and consists of a lower bed of aquatic peat overlain by humic fen peat, mesic fen peat and woody peat. Permafrost in the grounded peat plateaus is older than the 1200 year old White River Ash, whereas permafrost in the floating peat plateau is younger.Peat accumulation rates since 1200 years B.P. were greater in the fens (85–100 cm) than on the surface of the peat plateaus (25–55 cm). Where the peat plateau is free-floating, it will persist until the climate changes, causing the icy core to thaw. Where the peat plateau is frozen to the mineral substrate, it slowly drowns since the fen peat accumulates faster than the woody peat. This drowning results in degradation of the landform independently of the climate. Only degradation of floating peat plateaus can be used to identify climatic changes.This publication is the first paper in a series of papers presented at the session on Past Climatic Change and the Development of Peatlands at the ASLO and SWS Meetings in Edmonton, Canada, May 30–June 3, 1993. Dr. P. Kuhry and Dr S. C. Zoltai are serving as Guest Editors. 相似文献
7.
通过对长白山圆池4个泥炭剖面样品的分析,揭示了其氮元素分布规律。在圆池选取4个具有代表性的采样点,利用泥炭采样器采取新鲜泥炭样品。分析结果表明,4个泥炭剖面氮元素含量在0.014%~3.353%之间;剖面间相比较,其中贫营养泥炭整体含氮量较低;4个泥炭剖面的氮元素分布呈现明显规律,受泥炭上层不同植物、泥炭水分和有机质含量等因素的影响,泥炭剖面中氮元素累积峰可能出现在剖面的表层(0~5cm)或中间层(10~20cm);泥炭剖面氮元素与有机质呈极显著的正相关;泥炭剖面C/N比值变化在9.51~66.98之间,部分剖面层位C/N比值异常高,表明该层位碳的累积速度显著高于氮元素。 相似文献
8.
9.
中全新世以来黑龙江同江地区的孢粉组合与植被、气候演化 总被引:2,自引:11,他引:2
对黑龙江省同江县96-QP剖面从下至上划分4个孢粉组合带:1是以蒙古栎-桦属-蒿属-苔草属-木本科-水龙骨科为主组合带;2是以蒿属-莎草科-禾本科-桦属-栎属为主组合带;3是以桦属-蒙古栎松属-蒿属-莎草科-禾本科为主组合带;4是以松属-桦属-蒙古栎-蒿属-苔草属为主组合带。这4个孢粉组合带清楚地反映了古植被,古气候演替4个阶段;依次为温性落叶阔叶林-针,阔叶混交林→以落叶阔叶树稍多的针、阔叶混交林-草原→以松占优势的针、阔叶混交林。其气候变化是温暖湿润-温和略干-温和略湿-温凉湿润。 相似文献
10.
Hjh Dulima Jali 《湿地科学》2003,1(1):40-50
Given that organic soil is a complex substrate and there are many environmental factors which directly or indirectly control its decomposition processes, the use of standard substrate simplify the system in that the effect of substrate quality could be eliminated and influence of certain environmental conditions such as edaphic factors, acidity and moisture could be focused on. In addition to the forest floor, decomposition potential down the peat profile can also be examined. Cotton strip assay was used to estimate decomposition potentials in tropical peat swamp occupied by different Shorea Albida peat swamp forest communities, The 'Alan Batu' , the ' Alan Bunga' , the 'Alan Padang' and the ' mixed Alan' forest communities.Greatest decay rates on the peat surface took place during the wet period. The moist condition of the wet months appeared to favour the growth and stimulate activities of decomposer population and soil invertebrates. Generally, 50% of cotton tensile loss is achieved after four weeks 相似文献