不同条件延缓未受精卵激活对鱼类细胞电融合的影响

泥鳅未受精卵先在合成卵巢液、郝氏液中分别浸泡15、20、30min,然后再受精孵化,统计发育情况,结果表明,合成卵巢液可有效延缓未受精卵遇水后被激活的时间,郝氏液对延缓未受精卵被激活也有一定作用,但效果比合成卵巢液差。用合成卵巢液配制不同浓度胰酶处理受体卵进行细胞电融合实验,胰酶质量浓度为5 mg/mL时,融合卵发育至囊胚期的比例比对照组(郝氏液)高2%,统计分析表明该差异是显著的(P<0.05);但发育至原肠期及孵出期的比例则与对照组无显著差异。胰酶质量浓度为2和1 mg/mL时,融合卵发育到各阶段的比例均低于对照组,统计分析表明两者的差异是显著的(P<0.05)。研究表明,溶液种类、胰酶浓度等对电融合卵的发育有明显的影响,但延缓受体卵的激活时间并不能提高电融合卵的出苗率。用郝氏液配制的2 mg/mL的胰酶溶液处理受体卵,可获得较高比例的融合鱼。     

Reproductive biology of Diopatra neapolitana (Annelida,Onuphidae), an exploited natural resource in Ria de Aveiro (Northwestern Portugal)

Diopatra neapolitana Delle Chiaje, 1841 (Annelida, Onuphidae) is an important economic natural resource in Ria de Aveiro (northwestern coast of Portugal) and throughout Europe. The species is intensively harvested for use as fresh bait. However, there is only limited knowledge about its life cycle derived from a previous study in Mediterranean Sea. Reproduction and development patterns are known to vary biogeographically, making it important to base management decisions on locally appropriate information. This work examines reproduction patterns for populations from the Eastern Atlantic, which have not previously been assessed, with an eye towards drawing Atlantic–Mediterranean comparisons and informing local management strategies. The study was conducted from May 2007 to April 2009 in Ria de Aveiro. The reproductive biology of D. neapolitana was described from the proportional variation of worms with gametes in the coelom and from the progression of the oocyte diameter. Individuals with gametes inside the coelom were found all year round, but the peak reproductive period occurred between May and August, when almost all individuals had gametes in the coelom and females contained more oocytes than at any other time of the year. The overall male:female ratio was close to 1:1 and the oocyte diameter ranged from 40 to 240 μm. In vitro fertilization was performed and the results compared to other studies. Based on the present results, some protection measures are suggested to implement a sustainable exploitation of the species.     

不同条件延缓未受精卵激活对鱼类细胞电融合的影响

泥鳅未受精卵先在合成卵巢液、郝氏液中分别浸泡15、20、30min．然后再受精孵化，统计发育情况，结果表明，合成卵巢液可有效延缓未受精卵遇水后被激活的时间，郝氏液对延缓未受精卵被激活也有一定作用，但效果比合成卵巢液差。用合成卵巢液配制不同浓度胰酶处理受体卵进行细胞电融合实验．胰酶质量浓度为5mg／mL时．融合卵发育至囊胚期的比例比对照组（郝氏液）高2％．统计分析表明该差异是显著的（P〈0．05）；但发育至原肠期及孵出期的比例则与对照组无显著差异。胰酶质量浓度为2和1mg／mL时．融合卵发育到各阶段的比例均低于对照组，统计分析表明两者的差异是显著的（P〈0．05）。研究表明，溶液种类、胰酶浓度等对电融合卵的发育有明显的影响，但延缓受体卵的激活时间并不能提高电融合卵的出苗率。用郝氏液配制的2mg／mL的胰酶溶液处理受体卵，可获得较高比例的融合鱼。     

大磷虾临产个体卵母细胞数量及组成特点研究

本文利用１９８９／１９９０至１９９２／１９９３年度南大洋考察于普里兹湾邻近海域所获大磷虾标本，分析了南极磷虾临产个体卵母细胞的数量及与体长、体重的关系，以及卵母细胞的组成和发育特点。结果表明：卵母细胞的数量（怀卵量）波动在２１８８－９２６３个之间，平均为５２８３个；连续４年的平均怀卵量没有显著差异；怀卵量与体重呈较好的正相关关系；与眼径及尾肢长度的相关关系较差；卵母细胞的组成可分为４个不同的发育期，各发育期数量的比例不尽然相同，似与卵巢发育程度和产卵时间有关。     

光裸星虫生殖周期的研究

厦门及其附近海区的光裸星虫Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus于7—12月排卵,卵细胞被排放到体腔液中游离生长,至翌年5—9月产卵。排卵期与产卵期出现重叠。在产卵季节,雌性个体体腔液中同时存在两类小型卵细胞:第一类将于产卵季节发育成熟而产出,最小生长速度1.5μm/d;第二类是刚排放的卵细胞,在此产卵季节发育不到中型卵细胞,产卵季节过后,出现生长停滞。体腔卵细胞在产卵期分批成熟,多次产出。雄性生殖细胞在成熟以前,以细胞团的形式存在于体腔液中,其发生和产出过程,在时间上与卵细胞同步。光裸星虫性比为1:1。