黄渤海夏季生物发光强度分布特征及其影响因素分析

机械刺激所致生物发光无论对于海洋生态学的研究还是对于水下目标探测均具有重要意义。本研究利用现场测量数据,首次定量化揭示了夏季黄渤海机械刺激所致生物发光强度的三维空间分布特征,并在此基础上,进一步结合同步测量的环境参数及浮游植物种群数据分析了其影响因素。主要结论包括：（1）夏季黄渤海机械刺激所致生物发光强度较强,其平均值约为4×10¹⁰photons/（s·L）,最大值约为2×10¹²photons/（s·L）,高值区主要出现在长江口附近海域;（2）夏季黄渤海机械刺激所致生物发光的物种以甲藻类浮游植物为主,在甲藻中,夜光藻对机械刺激所致生物发光强度的分布起着主要决定作用;（3）夏季黄渤海机械刺激所致生物发光的空间分布对温度、盐度及以叶绿素浓度为代表的总生物量的整体依赖性较低。     

夜光虫细胞发光光质检测及来源分析

夜光虫(Noctiluca scintillans)是一类生活在海水中的原生动物,同时也是重要的赤潮生物,自20世纪90年代以来,赤潮的光谱遥感预报和监测就得到了关注,但是夜光虫赤潮的光谱遥感准确度尚有不足.这主要是因为目前对夜光虫自身发光光质的认识不足.因此希望在细胞水平上分析确认夜光虫的荧光及其可能成因.在实验室中...     

Anatomical and ultrastructural comparison of the eyes of two species of aquatic,pulmonate gastropods: The bioluminescent Latia neritoides and the non‐luminescent Ancylus fluviatilis

Light‐adapted eyes of two freshwater gastropods with similar habitat preferences (Latia neritoides (Gray 1850) and Ancylus fluviatilis (Müller 1774)) were compared with each other in relation to optics, anatomy, and ultrastructure. Individuals of L. neritoides not only possess significantly larger eyes than similarly sized A. fluviatilis, they also have a more voluminous layer of photorecep‐tive membranes and appear capable of discerning at least some crude shapes. The eye of A. fluviatilis, on the other hand, has a very shallow retina which is so closely apposed to the lens that it can be little more than an indicator of light and darkness. Both types of eye are generously endowed with screening pigment granules and exhibit no signs of light‐induced damage. Although the lenticular F‐values for L. neritoides (1.78) and A. fluviatilis (1.74) alone are hardly indicative of an adaptation to a dark environment, the greater amount of photic vesicles and the substantial development of muscle fibres in the eye of L. neritoides suggest that the latter can adjust its vision more rapidly to changing light levels than that of A. fluviatilis. Since L. neritoides (but not A. fluviatilis) has the ability to secrete a bright green luminescent mucus, a faster accommodation system would serve the species well. There is, however, no proof that in Latia bioluminescence alone has been responsible for the development of a more capable eye. Most of the differences between the eyes of L. neritoides and A. fluviatilis can be explained by the distinctly greater nocturnal activity of L. neritoides in combination with the ability to produce bright light in the latter species.     

荧光法测定微型生物细胞内的ATP的技术

ATP是生物体内的重要化合物,可用于估算微型生物的生物量,因此它在生态系统食物链和能量流动研究中具有重要意义。根据ATP与荧光素反应产生荧光的原理,可对微型生物细胞内的ATP进行测定。荧光法测定微型生物细胞内ATP灵敏度高、操作简便快捷。本文从样品处理、ATP提取、ATP测定、干扰因素及应用等几个方面介绍了荧光法测定微生物细胞内ATP的技术,评述了这些技术的优缺点和适用范围,总结了ATP提取和测定时可能存在的干扰因素及其采取的相应对策。