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1.
Geophysical data from Gerlache Strait, Croker Passage, Bismarck Strait and the adjacent continental shelf reveal streamlined subglacial bedforms that were produced at the bed of the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet (APIS) during the last glaciation. The spatial arrangement and orientation of these bedforms record the former drainage pattern and flow dynamics of an APIS outlet up‐flow, and feeding into, a palaeo‐ice stream in the Western Bransfield Basin. Evidence suggests that together, they represent a single ice‐flow system that drained the APIS during the last glaciation. The ice‐sheet outlet flowed north/northeastwards through Gerlache Strait and Croker Passage and converged with a second, more easterly ice‐flow tributary on the middle shelf to form the main palaeo‐ice stream. The dominance of drumlins with low elongation ratios suggests that ice‐sheet outlet draining through Gerlache Strait was comparatively slower than the main palaeo‐ice stream in the Western Bransfield Basin, although the low elongation ratios may also partly reflect the lack of sediment. Progressive elongation of drumlins further down‐flow indicates that the ice sheet accelerated through Croker Passage and the western tributary trough, and fed into the main zone of streaming flow in the Western Bransfield Basin. Topography would have exerted a strong control on the development of the palaeo‐ice stream system but subglacial geology may also have been significant given the transition from crystalline bedrock to sedimentary strata on the inner–mid‐shelf. In the broader context, the APIS was drained by a number of major fast‐flowing outlets through cross‐shelf troughs to the outer continental shelf during the last glaciation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
This paper describes the application of environmental isotopes and injected tracer techniques in estimating the contribution of storms as well as annual precipitation to groundwater recharge and its circulation, in the semi‐arid region of Bagepalli, Kolar district, Karnataka. Environmental isotopes 2H, 18O and 3H were used to study the effect of storms on the hydrological system, and an isotope balance was used to compute the contribution of a storm component to the groundwater. Some of the groundwater samples collected during the post‐storm periods were highly depleted in stable isotope content with higher deuterium excess relative to groundwater from the pre‐storm periods. Significant variation in deuterium excess in groundwater from the same area, collected in two different periods, indicates the different origin of air masses. The estimated recharge component of a storm event of 600 mm to the groundwater was found to be in the range of 117–165 mm. There was no significant variation in environmental tritium content of post‐storm and pre‐storm groundwater, indicating the fast circulation of groundwater in the system. After completion of the environmental isotope work, an injected radiotracer 3H technique was applied to estimate the direct recharge of total precipitation to the groundwater. The estimated recharge to the groundwater is 33 mm of the 550 mm annual precipitation during 1992. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
R. K. Pant N. Basavaiah N. Juyal N. K. Saini M. G. Yadava E. Appel A. K. Singhvi 《第四纪科学杂志》2005,20(5):485-492
The southwest monsoon that dominated Central Himalaya has preserved loessic silt deposits preserved in patches that are proximal to periglacial areas. The occurrence of such silts suggests contemporary prevalence of cold and dry northwesterly winds. Field stratigraphy, geochemistry, mineral magnetism, infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) and radiocarbon dating has enabled reconstruction of an event chronology during the past 20 ka. Three events of loess accretion could be identified. The first two events of loess deposition occurred betweem 20 and 9 ka and were separated by a phase of moderate weathering. Pedogenesis at the end of this event gave rise to a well‐developed soil that was bracketed around 9 to > 4 ka. This was followed by the third phase of loess accretion that occurred around 4 to > 1 ka. Episodes of loess deposition and soil formation are interpreted in terms of changes in the strength of the Indian southwest monsoon. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
Ken Ikehara 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(5):585-593
The Late Quaternary sea-ice history of the northeastern Japan Sea is discussed on the basis of the occurrence of dropstones
and ice-rafted debris (IRD) in fine sediment cores. IRD was found in all strata except those from the Holocene and oxygen
isotope stage 5.5. The largest expansion of sea ice was recognized at the last glacial maximum (LGM; oxygen isotope stage
2), when the southern margin of seasonal sea ice was probably located in the vicinity of the Matsumae Plateau. The margin
might occasionally have expanded further southward to off the Oga Peninsula. Sea ice expanded southward from mid-stage 5 to
the LGM in response to global cooling, but with much fluctuation. Sea ice remained during deglaciation until around 10 ka,
but after 10 ka it retreated northward rapidly in response to global warming and changes in surface water conditions. Greater
fluctuations in IRD were found in core GH95-1208 collected from off Rumoi, Hokkaido, Japan. More IRD was found in sediments
from late stage 3, late stage 5, and early stage 6. The fluctuations were not concordant with global climate changes (based
on the standard oxygen isotope curve), and may have been controlled by regional climate factors such as the strength of the
winter monsoon, which is related in turn to high-latitude atmospheric circulation.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
台湾岛的雨量受台湾山地的雨影效应影响明显,各地各月随着风向的不同,雨量表现出很大的差异。福建沿海一线存在着一个雨量低值区,主要是由于该地带所处的地理位置及地形条件所决定,与台湾山地的雨影效应无关。 相似文献
6.
利用卫星遥感资料对南海北部陆架海洋表层温度锋的分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用7年(1993~1999)月平均的SST卫星遥感资料,分析了南海北部陆架区域海洋表层温度锋在一年中的逐月变化特征,表明南海北部陆架海洋表层温度锋存在明显的季节内变化。结合风场的卫星遥感资料,分析了东北季风对南海北部陆架温度锋的影响,表明东北季风风速的增加有利于温度锋强度的增强。通过对黑潮南海流套入侵较强的1999年2月与流套入侵较弱的1998年2月的SST卫星遥感资料的对比分析,考察了黑潮南海流套的入侵对南海北部陆架温度锋的影响,结果表明黑潮流套的较强入侵能够增加陆架温度锋的强度,对温度锋的走向也会产生一定的影响。 相似文献
7.
Analysis of monthly momentum transport of zonal waves at 850 hPa for the period 1979 to 1993, between ‡S and ‡N for January
to April, using zonal (u) and meridional (v) components of wind taken from the ECMWF reanalysis field, shows a positive correlation (.1% level of significance) between
the Indian summer monsoon rainfall (June through September) and the momentum transport of wave zero TM(0) over latitudinal
belt between 25‡S and 5‡N (LB) during March. Northward (Southward) TM(0) observed in March over LB subsequently leads to a
good (drought) monsoon season over India which is found to be true even when the year is marked with the El-Nino event. Similarly
a strong westerly zone in the Indian Ocean during March, indicates a good monsoon season for the country, even if the year
is marked with El-Nino. The study thus suggests two predictors, TM(0) over LB and the strength of westerly zone in the Indian
Ocean during March. 相似文献
8.
Magnetostratigraphy and palaeoclimate of Red Clay sequences from Chinese Loess Plateau 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Two Red Clay profiles near Xi’an and Xifeng were investigated in an attempt to determine magnetostratigraphic and palaeoclimatic
records. The results show that aeolian dust accumulation and the related East Asia palaeomonsoon system had begun by 6.5 Ma,
and it is deduced that the Tibetan Plateau had reached a significant elevation at that time. The late Tertiary palaeoclimatic
history of the Red Clay as reflected by magnetic susceptibility is reconstructed during the period of 6.5–2.5 Ma. Stepwise
increase in susceptibility of aeolian dust accumulation appears to have a close correlation to the uplift processes of the
Tibetan Plateau. The remarkable increase of aeolian dust accumulation at 3.2 Ma appears to be due to the influence of global
ice volume on the East Asia monsoon. Palaeomonsoon variation during the late Tertiary as recorded in the Red Clay sequences
from the Chinese Loess Plateau can be regarded as the product of a number of interacting factors, such as uplift of the Tibetan
Plateau, solar radiation, global ice volume, etc.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Foundation of Xi’an Laboratory of Loess and
Quaternary Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 相似文献
9.
The characteristics of atmospheric heat source associated with the summer monsoon onset in the South China Sea (SCS) are studied using ECMWF reanalysis data from 1979 to 1993. A criterion of the SCS summer monsoon onset is defined by the atmospheric hea… 相似文献
10.
据湖北省神农架永兴洞一支石笋的8个230Th年龄、648个δ18O数据,建立了晚全新世4.40~ 1.75ka B.P.时段平均分辨率为4a的东亚夏季风演化序列,其中在2.92~ 2.74ka B.P.期间,δ18O发生显著正偏,幅度达2.5‰,指示一个显著的弱季风事件(这里称之“2.8ka”事件).该事件以夏季风缓慢减弱开始,迅速增强结束,事件内部有两个次一级的振荡旋回(两峰三谷结构),在内部细节与转型特征上类似湖北和尚洞石笋δ18O记录的“8.2ka”事件,暗示发生在全新世这两个冷事件的驱动机制基本一致.这两个弱季风事件都发生在太阳活动明显减弱时期,并分别与北大西洋Bond 2和Bond 5冰漂碎屑事件同步,表明百年尺度的东亚季风环流的演化由太阳活动和北高纬气候共同驱动. 相似文献