海洋温差发电系统中板式换热器换热特性研究

对传统可拆式板式换热器进行了改良,以适用于海洋温差能发电系统工况,并对改良后的板式换热器进行了理论数值分析。研建了海洋温差发电系统测试平台,对系统内的换热器换热特性进行测试,在不同工况下对换热器换热特性进行了实验研究,得到了板式换热器瞬态运行特性,同时还得到了换热器换热特性随热流密度的变化曲线及压降随工质流量的变化关系。结合实验数据拟合了换热器换热特性经验关联式和压降随工质流量关联式,预测值和实验值偏差均在20%以内。结果表明:在实验系统运行工况范围内,换热器的换热系数随着热流密度的增加而增大,当热流密度大于3 kW/m2时,换热系数随热流密度变化的曲线斜率变小;换热器压降随着工质流量增大而增加,压降随工质流量变化的曲线斜率变大。     

海水温差能发电系统两种循环方式的比较研究

对混合式海水温差能发电系统的两种循环形式进行了对比分析。建立了两种OTEC发电系统的数学模型,并进行数值模拟。结果表明前者偏重于淡水的生产,后者主要用于发电。     

三沙市温差能电站潜在站址选划分析

本文基于Nihous等人的方法利用WOA13海洋再分析资料针对三沙市所属几个重要海岛进行了温差能电站站址选划工作。研究表明南中国海温差能资源十分丰富,且功率密度的年变化很小,资源稳定性良好。综合考虑到温差能资源开发所涉及的温差、水深地形、离岸距离、环境影响以及社会经济等指标,本文在三沙市重点岛礁中优选出4个具有潜在开发价值的温差能潜在站址,并进行了详细的资源评估。结果显示:4个电站表层暖水温度介于24℃~28℃之间,年平均值为26℃,1 000 m水深冷水温度约为4℃,表层暖水与1 000 m水深处年平均温差约为22℃,冬季最低为20℃,夏季最高为26℃。温差达20℃时的水深分布情况显示,冷水可获取深度约为500~600 m,离岸距离均在10 km以内。在设计输出功率为10MW的前提下,年净输出功率均在10~19 MW之间,每年发电80GWh并输出22 000 m~3淡水。     

Revisiting ocean thermal energy conversion

Increasing concerns regarding oil spills, air pollution, and climate change associated with fossil fuel use have increased the urgency of the search for renewable, clean sources of energy. This assessment describes the potential of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) to produce not only clean energy but also potable water, refrigeration, and aquaculture products. Higher oil prices and recent technical advances have improved the economic and technical viability of OTEC, perhaps making this technology more attractive and feasible than in the past. Relatively high capital costs associated with OTEC may require the integration of energy, food, and water production security in small island developing states (SIDSs) to improve cost-effectiveness. Successful implementation of OTEC at scale will require the application of insights and analytical methods from economics, technology, materials engineering, marine ecology, and other disciplines as well as a subsidized demonstration plant to provide operational data at near-commercial scales.