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排序方式: 共有402条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
网络时代的到来,对传统企业的组织结构、运作模式、管理方法均提出了严峻的挑战。传统的企业组织结构是适应大工业生产而形成的等级组织结构形式,它有很大的局限性;电子商务企业的组织结构是适应网络社会而形成扁平化、双向多对多、以信息为基础的新型组织结构形式。电子商务企业以其组织结构扁平化和中空化,决策分散化,运作虚拟化,灵活高效为特点,它将成为传统企业在电子商务发展阶段变革的方向和目标。 相似文献
2.
C. Christiansen F. Gertz M. J. C. Laima L. C. Lund-Hansen T. Vang C. Jürgensen 《Environmental Geology》1997,29(1-2):66-77
The yearly nutrient supply from land and atmosphere to the study area in SW Kattegat is 10 900 tons of N and 365 tons of
P. This is only few percent of the supply from adjacent marine areas, as the yearly transport through the study area is 218 000
tons of N and 18 250 tons of P. Yearly net deposition makes up 1340 tons of N (on average 2.5 g m–2 yr–1) and 477 ton of P (on average 0.9 g m–2 yr–1). Shallow-water parts of the study area have no net deposition because of frequent (>35% of the year) resuspension. Resuspension
frequency in deep water is <1% of the year. Resuspension rates, as averages for the study area, are 10–17 times higher than
net deposition rates. Because of resuspension, shallow-water sediments are coarse lag deposits with small amounts of organic
matter (1.1%) and nutrients (0.04% N and 0.02% P). Deep-water sediments, in contrast, are fine grained with high levels of
organic matter (11.7%) and nutrients (0.43% N and 0.15% P). Laboratory studies showed that resuspension changes the diffusive
sediment water fluxes of nutrients, oxygen consumption, and penetration into the sediment. Fluxes of dissolved reactive phosphate
from sediment to water after resuspension were negative in organic-rich sediments (13.2% organic matter) with low porosity
(56) and close to zero in coarse sediments with a low organic matter content (2.3%) and high porosity (73). Fluxes of inorganic
N after resuspension were reduced to 70% and 0–20% in relation to the rates before resuspension, respectively.
Received: 10 July 1995 · Accepted: 19 January 1996 相似文献
3.
主要介绍卫星天线控制系统中天线旋转定位控制的软硬件设计和实现。该部分的主要功能是:接收红外遥控器的信号;检测前面板上的按键信号;检测传感器反馈的信号;根据所得信号作出相应的动作。 相似文献
4.
于1989年1月—1989年8月采用连续培养和半连续培养方法进行了伪矮海链藻细胞分裂、叶绿素α含量和活体荧光特性与光、营养盐关系的研究。结果表明,细胞分裂、活体荧光、叶绿素α均呈现光照期的增长速率明显高于黑暗期的增长速率的日变化规律,荧光增强比则在光照期开始后或黑暗期结束时出现最高值;光强和营养盐不仅影响各指标日变化的幅度,而且还可改变荧光增强比峰值出现时间。因此,在研究细胞分裂、叶绿素α和荧光特性的昼夜节律时,必须考虑光和营养盐这两个重要因素。 相似文献
5.
A nutrient dynamic model coupled with a 3D physical model has been developed to study the annual cycle of phytoplankton production in the Yellow Sea. The biological model involves interactions between inorganic nitrogen (nitrate and ammonium), phosphate and phytoplankton biomass. The model successfully reproduces the main features of phytoplankton-nutrient variation and dynamics of production. 1. The well-mixed coastal water is characterized by high primary production, as well as high new production. 2. In summer, the convergence of tidal front is an important hydrodynamic process, which contributes to high biomass at frontal areas. 3. The evolution of phytoplankton blooms and thermocline in the central region demonstrate that mixing is a dominant factor to the production in the Yellow Sea. In this simulation, nitrate- and ammonium-based productions are estimated regionally and temporally. The northern Yellow Sea is one of the highly ranked regions in the Yellow Sea for the capability of fixing carbon and nitrogen. The annual averaged f-ratio of 0.37 indicates that regenerated production prevails over the Yellow Sea. The result also shows that phosphate is the major nutrient, limiting phytoplankton growth throughout the year and it can be an indicator to predict the bloom magnitude. Finally, the relative roles of external nutrient sources have been evaluated, and benthic fluxes might play a significant role in compensating 54.6% of new nitrogen for new production consumption. 相似文献
6.
1985年5、8月中法联合调查黄河口海域的营养盐,其样品采用常规的分光光度法测定。营养盐的分布总趋势是河口附近浓度高,外海浓度低,河口与外海浓度之比达数百倍。在河口及其邻近海域营养盐的分布梯度与盐度的分布一致。在河口控制营养盐含量的主要因素是河水和海水的混合过程。在119°30′~50′E,37°25′~38°5′N,PO_4—P,SiO_3—Si出现低值区。在此范围附近恰恰浮游植物的总量比较高。对8月份的02站进行了25h的连续观测,其结果是底层营养盐与盐度有良好的负相关性,而表层的相关性较差 黄河具有很高的氮磷比值,这很可能是农业上用氮肥量增多引起的。 相似文献
7.
8.
Community Structure and Dynamics of Phytoplankton in the Western Subarctic Pacific Ocean: A Synthesis 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
The phytoplankton community in the western subarctic Pacific (WSP) is composed mostly of pico- and nanophytoplankton. Chlorophyll
a (Chl a) in the <2 μm size fraction accounted for more than half of the total Chl a in all seasons, with higher contributions of up to 75% of the total Chl a in summer and fall. The exception is the western boundary along the Kamchatka Peninsula and Kuril Islands and the Oyashio
region where diatoms make up the majority of total Chl a during the spring bloom. Among the picophytoplankton, picoeukaryotes and Synechococcus are approximately equally abundant, but the former is more important in term of carbon biomass. Despite the lack of a clear
seasonal variation in Chl a concentration, primary productivity showed a large seasonal variation, and was lowest in winter and highest in spring. Seasonal
succession in the phytoplankton community is also evident with the abundance of diatoms peaking in May, followed by picoeukaryotes
and Synechococcus in summer. The growth of phytoplankton (especially >10 μm cell size) in the western subarctic Pacific is often limited by
iron bioavailability, and microzooplankton grazing keeps the standing stock of pico- and nano-phytoplankton low. Compared
to the other HNLC regions (the eastern equatorial Pacific, the Southern Ocean, and the eastern subarctic Pacific), iron limitation
in the Western Subarctic Gyre (WSG) may be less severe probably due to higher iron concentrations. The Oyashio region has
similar physical condition, macronutrient supply and phytoplankton species compositions to the WSG, but much higher phytoplankton
biomass and primary productivity. The difference between the Oyashio region and the WSG is also believed to be the results
of difference in iron bioavailability in both regions.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
利用在本系列研究第一部分中所建立的耦合的生物物理模型,模拟了渤海浮游植物生物量和营养盐含量的年度循环特征.模拟结果显示:藻类的春季水华是由经过一冬积累在水体中的营养盐导致,而水华开始的时间在浅水区明显早于深水区,对此深水区水体层化结构的形成可能起着重要作用;另一方面,河载营养盐与悬起的沉积物所释放的营养盐是诱发夏季水华的共同原因.基于模型结果,我们还发现:渤海的浮游植物动力特性就整体而言依然受无机氮限制,但是在莱州湾,磷限制特性表现得非常明显,这主要是由于每年黄河都要携带大量的无机氮进入海水,从而导致莱州湾营养盐的氮磷比已远远超过16. 相似文献
10.
Melchor Gonzlez-Dvila J. Magdalena Santana-Casiano Demetrio de Armas Jos Escnez Miguel Suarez-Tangil 《Marine Chemistry》2006,99(1-4):177
Measurements of surface partial pressure of CO2 and water column alkalinity, pHT, nutrients, oxygen, fluorescence and hydrography were carried out, south of the Canary Islands during September 1998. Cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies were alternatively observed from the northwestern area to the central area of the Canary Islands. Nutrient pumping and vertical uplifting of the deep chlorophyll maximum by cyclonic eddies were also ascertained by upward displacement of dissolved inorganic carbon. A model was applied to determine the net inorganic carbon balance in the cyclonic eddy. The fluxes were determined considering both the diffusive and convective contributions from the upward pumping and the corresponding horizontal transport of water outside the area. An increase in the total inorganic carbon concentration in the upper layers inside the eddy field of 133 mmol C m− 2 d− 1 was determined. The upward flux of inorganic carbon decreased the effect of the increased primary production on the carbon dioxide chemistry. The reduced fCO2 inside the cyclonic eddy, 15 μatm lower than that observed in non-affected surface water, was explained by thermodynamic aspects, biological activity, eddy upward pumping and diffusion and air–sea water exchange effects. 相似文献