抽油机悬点投影测量仪

油田抽油机的抽油杆幌动幅度过大，是引起抽油杆断裂的一个重要因素，检测这种幌动幅度是防止抽油杆断裂的一种有效手段。设计了一种基于面阵CCD和普通半导体激光器（LD）测量这种幌动的悬点投影测量方法，通过数字卷积滤波，达到了范围为0－40mm，误差＜0.2mm的技术检测指标。     

模糊划分矩阵在岩土参数概率分布中的应用

讨论如何在小样本条件下用已有的过程经验与试验资料确定岩土参数概率分布,用模糊划分矩阵与BAYES方法相结合,给出由小样本试验数据确定岩土参数的概率分布。     

关于非球形粒子光散射的T-矩阵数值计算方法的研究

首先介绍了无规取向轴对称非球形粒子光散射的T－矩阵数值方法。然后，进一步研究了T－矩阵计算的收敛问题，提出了一种新的关于无规取向无吸收非线形散射物体的物理收敛方法，我们研究了椭球粒子的收敛问题，结果表明我们的数值方法和T－矩阵计算程序是有效的， 收敛精度与粒子的尺度和形状有很强的依赖性，在一定的条件下，我们的物理收敛速度优于NASA Mishchenko的数学收敛速序。     

复杂模型重力位场快速正反演方法及应用

提要 本文详细讨论了一种三维重力位场快速正反演方法。作者在前人工作的基础上,对算法作了行之有效的改进,通过对反演中的不稳定因素进行各种理论模型试算,得出保证迭代反演稳定收敛的准则,编制出可在微型机IBM—PC上运行的人机对话式自动正反演程序。本文还对各种不均质模型进行了模似计算并将该方法应用于某含油气沉积盆地的双层界面构造研究,揭示出了储油有利地段。     

An approach to quantitative analysis of regional economic links

Aimed at promoting regional coalitions and expanding the approach to economic links, this paper puts forward some new concepts such as link intensity and receiving coefficient, expounds the indexes of quantitative analysis of economic links and establishes the quantitative-analysis model of economic links. With help of the model, this paper calculates the values of the link intensities between Su-Xi-Chang (Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou) region and Shanghai, and analyzes the regional difference of the economic links.     

Fast iterative solution of large undrained soil‐structure interaction problems

In view of rapid developments in iterative solvers, it is timely to re‐examine the merits of using mixed formulation for incompressible problems. This paper presents extensive numerical studies to compare the accuracy of undrained solutions resulting from the standard displacement formulation with a penalty term and the two‐field mixed formulation. The standard displacement and two‐field mixed formulations are solved using both direct and iterative approaches to assess if it is cost‐effective to achieve more accurate solutions. Numerical studies of a simple footing problem show that the mixed formulation is able to solve the incompressible problem ‘exactly’, does not create pressure and stress instabilities, and obviate the need for an ad hoc penalty number. In addition, for large‐scale problems where it is not possible to perform direct solutions entirely within available random access memory, it turns out that the larger system of equations from mixed formulation also can be solved much more efficiently than the smaller system of equations arising from standard formulation by using the symmetric quasi‐minimal residual (SQMR) method with the generalized Jacobi (GJ) preconditioner. Iterative solution by SQMR with GJ preconditioning also is more elegant, faster, and more accurate than the popular Uzawa method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Virial oscillations of celestial bodies: V. The structure of the potential and kinetic energies of a celestial body as a record of its creation history

The physical meaning of the terms of the potential and kinetic energy expressions, expanded by means of the density variation function for a nonuniform self-gravitating sphere, is discussed. The terms of the expansions represent the energy and the moment of inertia of the uniform sphere, the energy and the moment of inertia of the nonuniformities interacting with the uniform sphere, and the energy of the nonuniformities interacting with each other. It follows from the physical meaning of the above components of the energy structure, and also from the observational fact of the expansion of the Universe that the phase transition, notably, fusion of particles and nuclei and condensation of liquid and solid phases of the expanded matter accompanied by release of energy, must be the physical cause of initial thermal and gravitational instability of the matter. The released kinetic energy being constrained by the general motion of the expansion, develops regional and local turbulent (cyclonic) motion of the matter, which should be the second physical effect responsible for the creation of celestial bodies and their rotation.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

运用3DEEMs及荧光偏振方法研究pH、离子强度及浓度效应对腐殖酸荧光光谱特性的影响

利用三维荧光激发.发射光谱(3DEEMs)及荧光偏振法研究了3例腐殖酸和1例湖泊溶解有机物(DOM)在不同腐殖酸浓度、离子强度和pH条件下的荧光光谱特性.实验结果表明,随着浓度增大,各腐殖酸样的荧光强度增大,其中垃圾渗滤液腐殖酸和Pahokee泥炭腐殖酸的荧光峰出现红移.随着浓度进一步增大,腐殖酸的荧光偏振值增大,由此推断在此浓度范围内腐殖酸由于分子间的排斥作用使其构型出现伸展.离子强度增大导致腐殖酸及阿哈湖DOM的荧光强度降低.随着氯化钾(KCI)浓度增大,Fluka腐殖酸的荧光峰A蓝移,荧光峰B的荧光偏振值出现减小,推测是由于静电中和作用使其荧光基团发生卷曲造成的.离子强度对其余腐殖酸样和阿哈湖DOM的其他荧光特性没有明显的影响.总的来说,pH值的变化对腐殖酸和湖泊DOM的荧光特征的影响是很明显的.随着pH值增大,腐殖酸和湖泊DOM的荧光强度增强.而pH值减小时,Fluka腐殖酸和Pahokee泥炭腐殖酸的荧光峰(A峰)蓝移,当pH值降到5时,Fhka腐殖酸的荧光峰突然红移到最大,随后又继续蓝移;垃圾渗滤液腐殖酸和阿哈湖DOM的荧光峰位无明显的漂移.所有样品的荧光偏振值都减小(但阿哈湖DOM的A峰变化不大),但在pHi≤5时又增大,这种现象表明随着pH值降低,腐殖酸和湖泊DOM中有机大分子发生卷曲,但在pH≤5时由于羧基的质子化又以平面伸展构型出现在溶液中.     

铁同位素的MC-ICP-MS测定方法与地质标准物质的铁同位素组成

详细报道了在低分辨和高分辨模式下运用MC-ICP-MS进行Fe同位素比值高精度测试的方法,对Fe同位素测定过程中谱峰干扰、基质效应、浓度效应、仪器测试的长期重现性等问题进行了评估,并对两种运行模式的测试结果进行了对比.在95%的可信度范围内,所建方法的外部精度优于0.5ε/ainu,达到国际同类实验室的先进水平,并且低分辨和高分辨两种模式下获得的Fe同位素测试结果是一致的.在此基础上对国家地质标准物质GBW07105(玄武岩)和GBW 07111(花岗闪长岩)进行了Fe同位素测定.相对于Fe同位素国际标样IRMM-014,GBW07105的Fe同位素成分为:ε57Fe=1.9±0.3(20),ε56Fe=1.3±0.2(2σ),ε57/56Fe=0.6±0.1(2σ);GBW 07111的Fe同位素成分为:ε57Fe=1.8±0.4(2σ),ε56Fe=1.2±0.2(2σ),ε57/56Fe=0.6±0.1(2σ).