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通过分析海绵清除大肠杆菌的过程,研究海绵净化细菌的机理。作者利用荧光显微镜和激光共聚焦显微镜观测等手段,监测和分析了绿色荧光大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)在繁茂膜海绵(Hymeniacidon perlevis)体内、体外水环境中数量变化过程。在1 L含有3×107个/m L绿色荧光大肠杆菌的海水中放入鲜重(1.02±0.11)g的繁茂膜海绵24块,处理7 h,海水中的荧光大肠杆菌数量逐渐降低;而海绵体内荧光大肠杆菌数量在2 h时内逐渐增多,之后的2 h趋于稳定,4 h以后开始逐渐减少。水体中大肠杆菌不仅进入海绵体内,而且进入海绵细胞内。含有荧光大肠杆菌的海绵块转入无菌海水中后,海绵体内及细胞中大肠杆菌逐渐消失,而且大肠杆菌没有被释放到环境海水中。分析表明,繁茂膜海绵能够以摄食的方式净化水环境中的大肠杆菌。 相似文献
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通过模拟大气CO_2浓度升高,研究其对海绵滤食细菌功能的影响。在模拟大气CO_2浓度升高生态系统中,探究了大气CO_2浓度387、500、750和1 000mmol/mol环境下繁茂膜海绵(Hymeniacidon perlevis)滤食灭菌海水中大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli AS 1.1017)和灿烂弧菌(Vibrio splendidus)的能力。结果表明:在24 h实验期间,模拟大气CO_2从目前约387mmol/mol升高至500mmol/mol,繁茂膜海绵滤食大肠杆菌和灿烂弧菌效率提高了。当模拟大气CO_2 750mmol/mol时,繁茂膜海绵滤食海水中大肠杆菌和灿烂弧菌功能都下降了,说明繁茂膜海绵已经受到大气较高浓度CO_2损害。模拟大气CO_2为1 000mmol/mol时,繁茂膜海绵基本丧失了滤食海水中大肠杆菌和灿烂弧菌的功能。上述结果可为了解大气CO_2浓度对近岸海洋生态系统的影响提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Sponges can filter large amounts of water, which exerts an important grazing impact on free bacteria, an important component of the diet of sponges. We examined the accumulation of bacteria in the Demospongiae (Hymeniacidon perlevis). Analyses were performed on homogenates from unstarved and starved sponges in seawater from their sampling site (the Ionian Sea). Culturable heterotrophic bacteria (22 °C), total culturable bacteria (37 °C) and vibrios densities were measured on marine agar 2216, plate count agar and TCBS agar, respectively. Total and fecal coliforms, as well as fecal streptococci, were determined by the most probable number method (MPN). H. perlevis was able to accumulate all of the six microbiological groups. Bacterial groups differed in their resistance to digestion by H. perlevis. Our data suggest that H. perlevis may accumulate, remediate and metabolize bacteria and that they may be employed as a useful bioindicator and bioremediator. 相似文献
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在大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)工厂化养殖废水中接种繁茂膜海绵(Hymeniacidon perleve),并将繁茂膜海绵与大菱鲆同池养殖,研究繁茂膜海绵对大菱鲆工厂化养鱼水体微生物的净化作用。结果表明,接种量为7 mg/L繁茂膜海绵经过8、16、24、32、40、48 h对养鱼废水中细菌总数的清除率分别为23.18%、47.65%、66.09%、81.57%、93.80%、98.96%;对弧菌的清除率分别为48.61%、56.44%、78.13%、92.88%、97.10%、98.56%;对大肠杆菌的清除率分别为39.51%、41.90%、73.24%、92.29%、97.69%、99.14%,将繁茂膜海绵以7 mg/L的生物量与大菱鲆同池养殖24 h,水体中细菌总数、弧菌和大肠杆菌的清除率分别为61.38%、50.34%、93.47%。 相似文献
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