中国碱蓬属植物修订

本文对《中国植物志》藜科(Chenopodiaceae)碱蓬属(Suaeda Forsk. ex Scop.)长期存在的分类错误进行了纠正。将其中的高碱蓬S. altissima (L.) Pall.合并入碱蓬S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge,纵翅碱蓬S. pterantha (Kar. et Kir.) Bunge合并入刺毛碱蓬S. acuminata (C.A. Mey.) Moq.,同时增加了垦利碱蓬(新种)S. kenliensis J. W. Xing sp. nov。由此将中国碱蓬属(Suaeda)植物从原来的20种,变更为19种。并重新修订了中国碱蓬属(Suaeda)植物的分种检索表,使中国碱蓬属(Suaeda)植物的系统分类更趋于完善,为《中国植物志》的修订和碱蓬属(Suaeda)植物分类及其深入研究与开发利用提供了依据。     

沙生濒危物种霸王的高频植株再生研究

实验选用霸王无菌苗的茎尖、子叶、下胚轴和胚根作为材料,研究霸王不同外植体的离体培养技术。结果表明,霸王茎尖是诱导丛生芽的良好外植体,而子叶、下胚轴和胚根是诱导愈伤组织的良好外植体;霸王茎尖的最适增殖培养基是:MS+6-BA 5.0 mg·L-1+NAA 1.0 mg·L-1;最适生根培养基是:MS+IAA 1.5 mg·L-1;最适愈伤组织诱导培养基是:MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1或MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.5 mg·L-1。沙质基质为霸王组培苗过渡的最佳基质。     

《中国沙漠植物志》厚壁荠属,四棱荠属,菘蓝属和独行菜属订正

通过对中国沙区厚壁荠属ＰａｃｈｙｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍＢｕｎｇｅ、四棱荠属ＧｏｌｄｂａｃｈｉａＤＣ．、菘蓝属ＩｓａｔｉｓＬ．和独行菜属ＬｅｐｉｄｉｕｍＬ．植物的研究,认为《中国沙漠植物志》收录的密花厚壁荠ＰａｃｈｙｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍｄｅｎｓｉｆｌｏｒｕｍＢｕｎｇｅ和多茎厚壁荠Ｐ．ｍｕｌｔｉｃａｕｌｅ（Ｋａｒ．ｅｔＫｉｒ．）Ｂｕｎｇｅ实为一种植物;短梗四棱荠Ｇｏｌｄｂａｃｈｉａｌａｅｖｉｇａｔａ（Ｍ．Ｂ．）ＤＣ．ｖａｒ．ｉｋｏｎｎｉｋｏｖｉ（Ｖａｓｓ．）ＫｕａｎｅｔＹ．Ｃ．Ｍａ应合并到正种四棱荠Ｇ．ｌａｅｖｉｇａｔａ（Ｍ．Ｂ．）ＤＣ．中;毛三肋菘蓝ＩｓａｔｉｓｃｏｓｔａｔａＣ．Ａ．Ｍｅｙｖａｒ．ｌａｓｉｏｃａｒｐａ（Ｌｅｄｅｂ．）Ｎ．Ｂｕｓｃｈ应改为毛果菘蓝Ｉ．ｔｉｎｃｔｏｒｉａＬ．ｖａｒ．Ｐｒａｅｃｏｘ（Ｋｉｔ．）Ｋｏｃｈ．;头花独行菜ＬｅｐｉｄｉｕｍｃａｐｉｔａｔｕｍＨｏｏｋ．ｆ．ｅｔＴｈｏｍｓ．中国沙区无分布。     

Effects of drought stress on antioxidant enzyme, photosynthetic pigment and flavonoid pathway in two desert shrubs

Antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic pigment content, and free malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as flavonoid content and the key enzyme activity in the flavonoid pathway were determined in two desert shrubs, Caryopteris mongolica Bunge and Reaumuria soongorica (Pall.) Maxim. under drought stress. The free MDA content was enhanced during the experimental period, which may be an indicator of oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities in C. mongholica showed a significant increase during the experiment, but catalase (CAT) activity was slightly decreased. On the other hand, POD and APX activities showed a significant increase and SOD and CAT activity data had no significant changes in R. soongorica. APX, SOD, and CAT activities were higher in R. soongorica than in C. mongholica, but MDA content was lower, indicating that the lower values of MDA were attributed to higher activities of antioxidant enzyme in R. soongorica. Chlorophyll content decreased significantly in the two shrubs during the experiment, which indicated that there was a photoprotection mechanism through reducing light absorbance by decreasing pigments content. Caretonoids content increased in C. mongholica and decreased in R. soongorica. The ratio of Chla/Chlb decreased significantly but caretonoids/Chl revealed a significant increase in the two shrubs, which could be explained as no decrease of peripheral light-harvesting complexes and a higher tolerance to drought. Total flavonoid content and the activities of phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and chalcone isomerase (CHI) showed different changes between C. mongholica and R. soongorica after treatment. These values decreased in R. soongorica and increased in C. mongholica except for PAL activity. However, anthocyanin content increased in the two shrubs, indicating that there was a different regulation response in the flavonoid pathway in the two shrubs under drought stress, and anthocyanin should be an important antioxidant both in the shrubs. Our results demonstrated the different responses of antioxidant defense and drought tolerance ability between the two shrubs.