秀丽隐杆线虫在环境内分泌干扰物研究中的应用

模式生物秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)具有繁殖速度快、世代周期短,通体透明、体细胞数目恒定,基因组小并被完全测序等优点,已经广泛地应用于生态毒理学研究。C.elegans的胚胎发育、蜕皮、繁殖等重要生理过程是通过激素调控的,外源激素的代谢产物可以作为核受体(NRs)的配体,C.elegans的寿命与胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子信号(IIS)通路和固醇/类固醇信号通路密切相关。近年来已经建立了在分子、细胞、个体和种群水平上,利用vit-2、hsp、消化道与性腺、产卵数、胚胎发育时间、内禀增长率、性别比例等系统地筛选EDCs的指标体系。以C.elegans为模式生物,从线虫的蜕皮、IIS通路等角度探讨了EDCs对线虫寿命的影响及作用机制,并展望了C.elegans在EDCs导致的细胞增殖与细胞分化失调而诱发的癌症、糖尿病等研究中的应用前景。     

久效磷对秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)胁迫相关基因mRNA表达的影响

研究了久效磷( Monocrotophos,MCP)对秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)胁迫相关基因mRNA表达的影响.结果表明久效磷暴露能够导致hsp-16.41、hsp-70、cyp-35a2、vit-2、vit-6和age-1基因表达量显著升高,cep-1、ape-1、sod-1、sod-3、ctl-2、ctl-3、gst-1、daf-12和daf-21基因表达量显著降低,对hsp-16.2、mtl-1和mtl-2基因表达量无显著影响.通过主成分分析发现,久效磷主要影响hsp-70、ctl-2、ctl-3、vit-2、cep-1和age-1基因表达,这些基因可作为久效磷毒性效应的敏感分子生物标志物.     

Adaptation to metal toxicity: a comparison of hydrothermal vent and coastal shrimps

Rainbow vent field is one of the most metal‐contaminated hydrothermal sites on the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge near the Azores region. Two hydrothermal shrimp species dominate the fauna at the Rainbow site along with the mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus. Although the levels of essential and non‐essential metals in these shrimps have been studied, the biological consequences of a metal‐rich environment are still largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the levels of metal‐binding proteins – metallothioneins (MT) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes – superoxide dismutase, catalase, total glutathione peroxidase and selenium‐dependent glutathione peroxidase in two hydrothermal vent shrimps (Mirocaris fortunata and Rimicaris exoculata) collected from the Rainbow site and to compare them with two coastal shrimps (Palaemon elegans and Palaemonetes varians) from a south Portugal lagoon (Ria Formosa) to evaluate their different adaptation strategies towards metals in their environment. Results show significant differences in MT levels and antioxidant enzymatic activities between vent and coastal shrimps and also between shrimp species collected from the same site. This suggests that biochemical responses in both vent and coastal shrimps are affected not only by the environmental characteristics but also by inter‐specific differences. Nevertheless, these responses apparently confer successful adaptation for survival in a metal‐extreme environment.