由二种气单胞菌引起的中国对虾败血病的研究

于１９９２年７月－１９９３年３月，用分离病原菌，注射感染，侵浴感染，创伤感染、投喂感染，重复分离病原菌，测定病原菌生理生化特性和对药物敏感性，观察病理变化研究气单胞菌引起的中国对虾败血病。结果表明，病原菌为嗜水气单胞菌和豚鼠气单胞菌，它们的最适生长温度，盐度，ＰＨ分别为３０℃，３５和８，两种菌对氯霉素，氟哌酸和复方新诺明均敏感，病虾主要病变为鳃，肢鳃和鳃盖内膜部分或全部坏死变黑，心脏和消化道粘膜下     

一种新的中国对虾弧菌病原菌──产气弧菌

于１９９３年８月，从山东省昌邑县下营镇患败血病的中国对虾血淋巴内分离到多株细菌，其中２株人工感染证实为病原菌；经５０多项形态，生理，生化特性测试鉴定为产气弧菌Ｖｉｂｉｏｇａｚｏｇｅｎｅｓ。其主要特性为：革兰氏阴性，弧状，极生单鞭毛，产生红色素，氧化酶呈阳性，精氨酸双水解酶，赖氨酸脱羧酶，鸟氨酸脱羧酶均为阴性，淀粉酶，明胶酶为阳性，硝酸盐还原阴性，利用木糖，水杨苷，山梨醇发酵葡萄糖产气，利用柠檬酸盐     

First isolation and characterization of a new species of Vibrio from diseased flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus Temminck et Schlegel)

Appropriate pathogenic bacteria were isolated from diseased (or dead) flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus L) occurring in a mariculture farms of Qinhuangdao, which all diseased fishes expressed bacterial septicaemia. The phenotypic information of the 12 pure cultures was studied extensively, including morphological characteristics, colony characteristics in different media, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and the mole fraction G C ratio of the DNA for representative strain. The results show that the isolates belong to a new species of Vibrio, and are designated as Vibrio qinhuangdaora sp.nov, by the area from which the diseased flounders are collected (Qinhuangdao) based on its biological properties following Rules of International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. At the same time,studies on the serum homology ofisolates, and pathogenicity of isolates were conducted by experimental infection. The results show that all the isolates are of serologic similarity, and the isolates have strong pathogenicity to flounder. The studies can extensively reflect the main biological properties of this new species of Vibrio.     

Identification and characterization of pathogen to bacterial septicaemia in cultured turbot, Scophthalmus maximus

Bacteria-infected turbots Scophthalmus maximus with septicaemia were examined between 2001 and 2004 in aspects of the conditions of disease occurrence, clinical syndromes and pathological changes. The phenotypic information of pathogenic bacteria was studied, including morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and the mol% G C of the DNA. In addition, representative strains (S010623-1, LH031120-1) were selected for molecular identification by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results show that the isolates (LH031120-1 to LH031120-6, HT040308-1 to HT040308-6, HT040620-1 to HT040620-6) from three farms were identified as Edwardsiella tarda. The isolates (S010610-1 to S010610-10, S010623-1 to S010623-20) from one farm were identified as Listonella anguillarum. We conducted studies on the pathogenicity of isolates by artificial infection, and revealed all infected groups in morbidity and mortality. The septicaemia infected turbot showed a syndrome similar to that of the naturally infected fish. Antibiotic sensitivity showed that of 37 antimicrobial agents, E. tarda was sensitive to 27 agents, and L. anguillarum was sensitive to 21 agents.     

牙鲆出血性败血病病原的初步研究

经病原菌的分离,纯化、人工感染和生理生化测定,认为变异微球菌为牙鲆出血性败血病的病原菌。菌体为圆形或椭圆形,单个,成对排或成生效连、四联及不规则的堆团。单个菌大小为０．５－１．８μｍ,无鞭毛,不运动,无芽孢,无荚膜。革兰氏阳性,不抗酸。好氧菌、葡萄糖Ｏ－Ｆ试验为氧化型。测定的２２种糖苷醇类中,仅葡萄糖、Ｄ－果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、甘油为好氧产酸,Ｄ－甘露糖弱产酸,且均不产气。氧化酶、过氧化氢酶阳性。硝     

牙鲆出血性败血病病原的初步研究

经病原菌的分离、纯化、人工感染和生理生化测定 ,认为变异微球菌为牙鲆出血性败血病的病原菌。菌体为圆形或椭圆形 ,单个、成对排列或成短链、四联及不规则的堆团。单个菌大小为 0 .5～ 1.8μm。无鞭毛 ,不运动 ,无牙孢 ,无荚膜。革兰氏阳性 ,不抗酸。好氧菌、葡萄糖 O- F试验为氧化型。测定的2 2种糖苷醇类中 ,仅葡萄糖、D-果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、甘油为好氧产酸 ,D-甘露糖弱产酸 ,且均不产气。氧化酶、过氧化氢酶阳性 ,硝酸盐还原、美兰还原为阳性。甲基红、V- P反应为阳性。能水解明胶、马尿酸钠 ,不能水解七叶苷、淀粉。不产生硫化氢、吲哚。不能利用柠檬酸盐、丙二酸盐。精氨酸双水解酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、鸟氨酸脱羧酶、脲酶阴性 ,卵磷脂酶、凝固酶阳性。不溶血。先锋霉素、氯霉素、青霉素、红霉素为该病原菌的敏感药物     

梭鱼出血性败血病病原菌研究

对于出血性败血病病原菌的研究,淡水鱼类(如鲤鱼、鲢鱼)开展较多,而海水鱼方面报道甚少。有关梭鱼出血性败血病病原菌的研究迄今为止尚未见报道。1995年,河北省许多梭鱼养殖场发生大面积梭鱼出血性败血病,其症状为：病鱼体表、鳍严重斑状充血,体表有些地方出现溃疡、疤痕,剖检见肝脏肿大,脾及肠粘膜充血。梭鱼出血性败血病易传染,加之目前缺少有效的防治方法,因此,死亡率极高,造成损失大,严重影响了梭鱼养殖业的健康发展。为了防治梭鱼出血性败血病,作者对该病的病原菌进行了分离培养,并对其生理、生化特性进行了测定,目前从病鱼中分离到一株致病菌株,经鉴定属于运动性气单胞菌中的嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophlia),该菌主要特征为菌体短杆状,革兰氏染色阴性,极端单生鞭毛。