广州市南沙区红树林资源现状与保护

2018年3月至2019年7月,对广州市南沙区红树林资源进行了野外实地调查。研究结果表明,南沙区共有红树植物12科15属16种,包括真红树植物6科7属8种和半红树植物7科8属8种;红树林主要分布于南沙湿地公园、洪奇沥东岸14涌至17涌滩涂、仁隆围和义隆围东部河岸、蕉西水闸、大角山海滨公园、沥心沙大桥桥脚、沙仔岛、坦头村等地;红树林群落可以分为无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)+桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)群落、无瓣海桑群落、桐花树群落、老鼠簕(Acanthus ilicifolius)群落、无瓣海桑+老鼠簕群落、卤蕨(Acrostichum aureum)群落、秋茄(Kandelia obvata)群落、假茉莉(Clerodendrum inerme)群落、水黄皮(Pongamia pinnata)群落、黄槿(Hibiscus tiliaceus)群落、桐花树+老鼠簕群落、秋茄+桐花树群落、木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)群落、银叶树(Heritiera littoralis)群落和海杧果(Cerbera manghas)群落等15种主要群落类型。为了更好地保护和利用南沙区的红树林资源,建议在宜林地补种红树植物,划定红树林重点保护区域,加强红树林监测和对入侵植物薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)的治理,积极开展红树林生态旅游等。     

Revisiting Sustainable Development of Dry Valleys in Hengduan Mountains Region

Dry valleys are a striking geographic landscape in Hengduan Mountains Region and are characterized by low rainfall, desert type of vegetation and fragile environment. Past efforts and resources have been concentrated mainly on rehabilitation of degraded ecosystem and fragile environment, particularly reforestation, while socio-economic development has been largely overlooked. Despite successes in pocket areas, the overall trend of unsustainability and environmental deterioration are continuing. It is important to understand that uplift of the Tibetan Plateau is the root cause of development of dry valleys, and development and formation of dry valleys is a natural process. Human intervention has played a secondary role in development of dry valleys and degradation of dry valleys though human intervention in many cases has speeded up environmental degradation of the dry valleys. It is important to understand that dry valleys are climatic enclaves and an integrated approach that combines rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems and socio-economic development should be adopted if the overall goal of sustainable development of dry valleys is to be achieved. Promotion of niche-based cash crops, rural energy including hydropower, solar energy, biogas and fuelwood plantation is recommended as the priority activities.     

浅析宁波盆地膏盐地层的时代──兼对“宁波盆地北部的长河群”之时代质疑

宁波盆地地下揭示的一套包含暗色膏硝质泥岩、泥质白云岩在内的紫红、灰紫色泥岩、棕褐色砂砾岩、细砂岩和玻屑凝灰岩的地层，均称方岩组，内含膏盐并具油色显示。对其时代有早、晚白垩世和早第三纪之认识，笔者从70～90年代地质工作中所获化石分析认为，虽然宁波盆地这一层位含化石不丰，但从分布及数量上比较，相对占优势的应该是孢粉和植物化石，其时代意见也较为一致，指示为早白垩世。     

中国东北区中生代生物群特征简述

概要的总结了东北区中生代地层中古生物群，以及它们在岩石地层单位中的分布，借以说明岩石地层的时代，为地层多重划分对比提供了依据。     

Assessing the Germplasm of Laminaria （Phaeophyceae） with Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA （RAPD） Method

Eighteen gametophytes including L.japonica ,L.ochotensis and L.longissima,were verified with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique.Eighteen ten-base primers were chosen from 100 primers selected for final amplification test.Among the total of 205 bands amplified ,181(88.3%) were polymorphic ,The genetic distance among different strains ranged from 0.072 to 0.391,The dendrogram constructed by unweighted pair -group method with arithmetic(UPGMA) method showed that the female and male gamtophytes of the same cell lines could be grouped in pairs respectively,It indicated that RAPD analysis could be used not only to distin-gusih different strains of Laminariz ,but also to distinguish male and female gametophyte within the same cell lines,There is ambiguous systematic relationship if judged mereely by the present data It seems that the use of RAPD marker is limited to elucidstion of the phylogenetic relationship among the species of Laminaria.     

藏南白垩系黑-红层沉积岩有机质组成分布特征

对藏南江孜县床得剖面白垩系黑层和红层沉积岩进行的有机地球化学研究表明,黑层有机碳含量高于红层5～10倍,红层和黑层饱和烃主峰碳数分别为nC25和nC23;黑层和红层沉积有机质的母质来源都以水生植物和菌藻类等低等生物为主,陆源有机质的输入非常有限;但饱和烃的分布和主峰碳数的差异可能反映了有机母源物质在种群方面的差异,而这种差异可能主要是水体温度存在差异造成的,即红层发育时期水体温度可能高于黑层沉积时期.而在高温度条件下,水生生物和陆生植物的生长发育受到限制,造成原始有机质产率和有机质沉积保存量低可能是红层沉积岩形成的主要原因.     

极谱法在镉诱导单胞藻和禾草类植物螯合物研究的应用

三角褐指藻（Phaeodactylum tricornutum）和翦股颖草属禾草（A-grostis capillaris）经过处理后再用液相层析法从中提取一种金属结合多肽，极谱分析表明不同的镉结合多肽具有不同的稳定性，金属结合与金属硫蛋白不同，在电位--1.7V附近未出现氧催化峰，金属硫蛋白以及从单胞藻和禾草中提取的多肽在极谱测定过程中都在电位-520mV和-930mV附近出现双峰，在-520mV处，半波电位显示了单个镉硫醇键的还原，在-930mV处的峰是由于镉和硫多齿螯合的还原，因此这通常可用以鉴定镉螯合物。在镉浓度为5umol/dm^3和10umol/dm^3时-930mV的峰高与镉浓度之间存在着对应关系。     

红树林遥感智能分类方法研究

利用ＧＩＳ信息中的红树林地域分布规律作向导，充分利用械树林区的光谱信息进行红树林植被信息提取。在对比研究常规的红树林图象自理方法的基础上，提出了适用于红树林植被信息遥感监测的智能分类方法。     

九龙江口红树林对汞的循环和净化作用

红树林是存在于海陆交汇处的生态系统,其间大量的凋落物中有一部分仍留在群落内,再加上上游有机物的输入,使得红树林沼泽形成高腐殖质的还原环境,沉积物中的总汞含量和有机质含量呈正相关[1],而大量的硫化氢又易与汞形成难于溶解的硫化汞,因而红树林区有可能是潜在的重金属富集区[2].本文对我国几个红树林区的汞本底值进行调查,研究汞在九龙江口秋茄群落的分布、迁移积累的途经,以及红树林对河口区汞循环的影响,并探讨红树林对汞污染净化作用的途经.