Geochemical survey of thermal system in Northeast China and their geothermometric characters

The chemical composition of several thermal springs around Changbaishan area has been investigated. Cenozoic basaltic rocks are widely distributed in Northeast China and geothermal characteristics have been described. About one hundred hot springs exist around Changhaishan Volcano at the border between China and D.P.R.Korea with high temperature about 82~C. The pH values of the spring water range from 6.9 to 7.1 and the total flow rate is about 4.8 L/sec. The chemical composition of the thermal springs is sodium carbonate; the high-mineral contents of thermal water are believed to have medicinal properties. Bathhouses are already built along the hot springs to take the advantage of the supposed healing properties. The high quality of those hot springs is believed to be utilitized for mineral water. The chemical equilibrium temperatures were estimated at about 160℃ based on the Na-K-Ca geochemical thermometer.     

Silicon limitation on primary production and its destiny in Jiaozhou Bay, China——Ⅳ：Study on cross-bay transect from estuary to ocean

The authors analyzed the data collected in the Ecological Station Jiaozhou Bay from May 1991 to November 1994, including 12 seasonal investigations, to determine the characteristics, dynamic cycles and variation trends of the silicate in the bay. The results indicated that the rivers around Jiaozhou Bay provided abundant supply of silicate to the bay. The silicate concentration there depended on river flow variation. The horizontal variation of silicate concentration on the transect showed that the silicate concentration decreased with distance from shorelines. The vertical variation of it showed that silicate sank and deposited on the sea bottom by phytoplankton uptake and death, and zooplankton excretion. In this way, silicon would endlessly be transferred from terrestrial sources to the sea bottom. The silicon took up by phytoplankton and by other biogeochemical processes led to insufficient silicon supply for phytoplankton growth. In this paper, a 2D dynamic model of river flow versus silicate concentration was established by which silicate concentrations of 0.028–0.062 μmol/L in seawater was yielded by inputting certain seasonal unit river flows (m³/s), or in other words, the silicate supply rate; and when the unit river flow was set to zero, meaning no river input, the silicate concentrations were between 0.05–0.69 μmol/L in the bay. In terms of the silicate supply rate, Jiaozhou Bay was divided into three parts. The division shows a given river flow could generate several different silicon levels in corresponding regions, so as to the silicon-limitation levels to the phytoplankton in these regions. Another dynamic model of river flow versus primary production was set up by which the phytoplankton primary production of 5.21–15.55 (mgC/m²·d)/(m³/s) were obtained in our case at unit river flow values via silicate concentration or primary production conversion rate. Similarly, the values of primary production of 121.98–195.33 (mgC/m²·d) were achieved at zero unit river flow condition. A primary production conversion rate reflects the sensitivity to silicon depletion so as to different phytoplankton primary production and silicon requirements by different phytoplankton assemblages in different marine areas. In addition, the authors differentiated two equations (Eqs. 1 and 2) in the models to obtain the river flow variation that determines the silicate concentration variation, and in turn, the variation of primary production. These results proved further that nutrient silicon is a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth. This study was funded by NSFC (No. 40036010), and the Director's Fund of the Beihai Sea Monitoring Center, the State Oceanic Administration.     

西藏搭格架热泉型铯矿床矿物学与矿石组构特征及地质意义

在查明搭格架铯矿床产出的地质背景、成矿阶段及其年龄、地球化学与同位素组成的基础上,本文较为系统地研究了硅华的矿物学与组构特征,加深了对硅华形成演化过程的认识.研究表明成矿早期,矿石中存在大量的石英,晚期全为蛋白石.粒状蛋白石自早到晚均有出现,胶状蛋白石主要出现于晚期.早期矿石出现脱水造成的菜花状、粗粒块状与粗大孔隙状构造及溶蚀结构.晚期出现细粒块状与细小孔隙状构造.在第3阶段存在硅藻Denticula属,体现出低温阶段的特征.由早到晚,矿石的SiO2呈降低趋势,而(Na2O Al2O3 K2O CaO)与Cs2O呈升高趋势,是随着矿石中SiO2有序度的降低而其它成分被保留在晶格中所致.     

适用于极地海底热流调查的低温段泥温传感器低温工作特性分析

本文基于极地海底地热流调查需求,针对在极地严酷的低温环境下泥温测量电路容易出现的失效、温度漂移等问题进行了分析,并采用了恒流源测温方式,有效降低了自发热和引线电阻干扰,并简化电路结构,增强了电路低温状态工作稳定性。本文阐述了低温段泥温传感器工作原理,结合调查实践确定了泥温传感器的主要设计参数;对电路结构进行详细拆解分析,分析各模块在低温条件下存在的失效风险及低温工作性能;对实际电路进行试验验证,利用数据分析传感器的测量精度,并在低温条件下对泥温传感器进行了实测。测试结果表明,低温段泥温传感器在低温条件下工作稳定,数据稳定性和一致性表现良好。     

河口Si输运过程研究

基于拉格朗日余流及其输运过程的一种三维空间弱非线性理论，进一步假定Ｓｉ在河口的无因次化学转移项量级为ｋ＾２，给出了Ｓｉ的长期输运方程。对于一种二维模型河口，数值求解了零阶天文潮，欧拉余流、斯托克斯漂移、拉格朗日余流和盐度的分布；分别计算了平均逼留时间为１３，３０，６０，１８０ｄ等所对应的Ｓｉ浓度分布；给出了Ｓｉ－ｓ相关图，讨论了河口中Ｓｉ的保守性问题。     

长江生源要素的输出通量

长江是太平洋西岸最大的河流,它源源不断地向东海输送大量物质,是舟山渔场的重要化学物质基础,不仅对长江口海区以至整个东海有举足轻重的影响,对太平洋的影响也是不可忽视的。本文报道颗粒有机碳(POC)、溶     

印度洋中央海盆的海底热流与构造

本文对印度洋中央海盆的构造格架和地球物理场的特征进行了研究。对作者在《ＭＣＴИСЛａＢ，ＫａЛДЪШ院士》号科学考察船第２０航次中所取得的该海盆热流正常分布特征的热流数据以及文献资料中的热流数据进行了分析，并指出构造形变带的地热特点。在已完成的模拟基础上所得出的结论是，当印度－澳大利亚板块与欧亚板块碰撞之后，在印度－澳大利亚板块不断增强挤压的情况下，受地悫强烈构造活动性制久的蛇纹岩的侵入上升，或许     

海洋地热流测量方法与技术

海洋地热流探测对海洋油气资源远景评价和构造地质研究具有十分重要的意义，在海洋科学研究中日益受到重视。本文详细分析了海洋地热流测量的基本原理，系统介绍了海洋地热流测量常用的布拉得型探针和艾文型探针的工作方式和测量方法，从加强理论研究、减小测量误差、提高测量效率及监控技术研究等方面提出了海洋地热流测量的发展方向。