南极纪行（一）

一“雪龙”船起航不久,第22次南极科学考察队大洋队便开始按照计划采集上海到澳大利亚费里曼特尔航段的水样。为了保证所取水样具有一定的典型性和代表性,大洋队预先设定了一些“雪龙”船走航期间的经纬度坐标点。队员们克服     

天文(重力)水准的新手段及其计算方法

介绍当今确定天文大地垂偏差的新仪器－CCD自动天体测量仪和确定两点间高程异常差的新方法，该方法用单极坐标代替繁琐的双极坐标进行计算，讨论了天文重力水准的误差及垂线偏差非线性影响等问题，估计在不久的将来，用这一手段施测山区似大地水准面的精度可望达到厘米级。     

国土资源部公布第四批落实“四至”范围开发区名单

国土资源部日前公布了已落实“四至”范围的辽宁鞍山经济开发区等71个省级开发区名单及其“四至”范围、界桩坐标点号和开发区边界形状图。公告同时在国土资源部网站刊载，以便公众查阅和监督。     

圆柱螺线法测斜计算中的数值方法

圆柱螺线法是井眼轨迹计算中最常使用的方法之一,在实钻轨迹监控、中靶分析和预测、井身质量评价等实际问题中都有重要的应用.但是当井段2个端点的井斜角之差或者方位角之差等于零时,圆柱螺线法坐标计算公式需要进行特殊处理才能正常计算;在井斜角之差或者方位角之差很小时,坐标计算会出现较大误差.对圆柱螺线法坐标计算公式进行了改进,用一组计算公式统一处理井斜角之差或者方位角之差等于零和不等于零的情况,提高了坐标的数值计算的精度和稳定性.对圆柱螺线型井眼轨迹的平均井眼曲率的数值计算进行了研究,提出了使用高斯型数值积分公式计     

DGPS在苏丹港控制测量坐标转换中的应用

介绍了一种在任意独立直角坐标系中使用DGPS的方法。结合苏丹港泊位建设施工测量实践，分析了平面控制网的建立、观测、平差、WGS84坐标系到独立坐标系的转换参数计算。     

基于EOF分析对南海西北海域水体光谱特性的研究

This study presents an analysis of the spectral characteristics of remote sensing reflectance(R_(rs)) in northwestern South China Sea based on the in situ optical and water quality data for August 2018.R_(rs)was initially divided into four classes,classes A to D,using the max-classification algorithm,and the spectral properties of whole R_(rs) were characterized using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis.Subsequently,the dominant factors in each EOF mode were determined.The results indicated that more than 95% of the variances of R_(rs) are partly driven by the back-scattering characteristics of the suspended matter.The initial two EOF modes were well correlated with the total suspended matter and back-scattering coefficient.Furthermore,the first EOF modes of the four classes of R_(rs)(A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1) significantly contributed to the total variances of each R_(rs) class.In addition,the correlation coefficients between the amplitude factors of class A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1 and the variances of the relevant water quality and optical parameters were better than those of the unclassified ones.The spectral shape of class AR_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of chlorophyll a and colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM).The spectral shape of class B R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of CDOM since it exhibited a high correlation with the absorption coefficient of CDOM(a_g(λ)),whereas the spectral shape of class C R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the back-scattering characteristics but not affected by the suspended matter.The spectral shape of class D R_(rs)-EOF_1 exhibited a relatively good correlation with all the water quality parameters,which played a significant role in deciding its spectral shape.     

地形坡度对斜压大气扰动的影响

本文推导出σ坐标系斜压大气的准地转位涡方程，该方程形式与Ｐ坐标系的准地转位涡方程非常相似，但本质不同，本文还用ＷＫＢ方法讨论了大地形坡度对斜压大气扰动发展的影响。指出：东西走向山脉的南坡有利于低层大气槽线呈西北－东南向的扰动发展，也有利于高层大气槽线呈东北－西南向的扰动发展     

珠江三角洲网河区水位变化趋势研究

根据珠江三角洲网河区29个验潮站的实测验潮记录,应用傅氏变换与最平滤波器串联的方法来消除月均序列的周期波动对确定水位变化趋势的影响,由低通序列一元线性回归分析确定各站水位的变化趋势;结果表明,周期波动对确定海平面变化趋势的影响是显著的.应用经验正交函数(EOF)对网河区的水位变化场进行分解,由相互独立的时间函数和空间特征函数表征网河区区域的水位变化特征;应用时间特征函数计算区域水位的平均变化率为0.02mm/a.根据验潮站的水位变化趋势,探讨网河区水位变化与河床冲淤的关系.     

多岛屿、汊道复杂地形海区流场影响的数值模拟研究

复杂地形海区的潮流场特征及工程对其的影响一直是海洋环境研究中比较关注的问题。本文采和正交曲线网格和动边界结合技术，建立了复杂地形海区大范围、局部加密的二维高精度潮流数值模型，研究分析了工程前后宁波大榭岛LPG码头附近复杂海域大范围潮流场特征和局部特殊地形对其的影响，并从动力机制上进行了讨论。结果表明：地形的挑流作用、水流流路分离和多股水流的潮汐动力不均匀等原因，使海区的潮流场结构变得非常复杂，其重要特征是有众多回流区产生。