Probabilistic Models for the Probability of Wave Breaking and Whitecap Coverage Based on Kinematic Breaking Criterion

More and more researches show that neither the critical downward acceleration nor the critical slope of water waves is a universal constant. On the contrary, they vary with particular wave conditions. This fact moders the models either for the probability of wave breaking B or for the whitecap coverage W based on these criteria difficult to apply. In this paper and the one which follows we seek to develop models for the prediction of both B and W based on the kinematical criterion. First, several joint probabihstic distribution functions (PDFs) of wave characteristics are derived, based on which the breaking properties B and W are estimated. The estimation is made on the assumption that a wave breaks ff the horizontal velocity of water particles at its crest exceeds the local wave celerity, and whitecapping occurs in regions of fluid where water particles travel faster than the waves. The consequent B and W depend on wave spectral moments of orders 0 to 4.Then the JONSWAP spectrum is used to represent the fetch-limited sea waves in deep water, so as to relate the probahility of wave breaking and the whitecap coverage with wind parameters. To this end, the time-averaging technique proposed by Glazman (1986) is applied to the estimation of the spectral moments involved, and furthermore, the theoretical models are compared with available observations collected from published literature. From the comparison, the averaging time scale is determined. The final models show that the probability of wave breaking as well as the whitecap coverage depends on the dimensionless fetch. The agreement between these models and the database is reasonable.     

先锋孤立子生成的理论平均波阻(Ⅰ).理论

根据作者导得的AfKdV方程，理论上确定了先锋孤立子生成问题的理论平均波阻，能量劈分及能量劈分比。本文的能量劈分是确定先锋孤立子生成参数的理论基础。同时，本理论确定了现有理论中的自由未知参数问题，从而使先锋孤立子生成参数得到理论预报。     

低阻油层的电测井资料反演与动态侵入模拟

高矿化度钻井液侵入是造成油层低电阻的重要因素之一,泥浆滤液侵入越深,对测井结果影响越大,甚至造成解释错误或油层漏失.采用非线性最小二乘原理进行电测井反演预处理,并将其同以多相流渗流、对流扩散理论为基础的电测井动态模拟相结合,能更加真实地反映动态侵入特点,获取原状地层真电阻率和流体饱和度,从而有效地改善低电阻率油气层电测井资料的有效性,为低电阻率油层的识别和评价提供可靠的依据.     

蓬莱阁田横栈道混凝土及钢构件的抗腐蚀处理

结合蓬莱阁田横栈道工程的实例,对已经被滨海环境腐蚀的构件,采取了不同的处理措施。钢构件的外部增加了防锈蚀措施：悬索的外部增加PE管以阻隔架构和外部的接触,管内灌入防腐润滑脂;对普通混凝土结构采用西卡901、903系列阻锈剂隔离氯离子和混凝土结构的接触,减缓了碳化过程。通过以上措施的实施,提高了工程的抗腐蚀能力,增加了工程的使用年限,对类似环境下的工程有借鉴意义。     

低阻油气储层测井解释方法研究

对低阻油气储层的测井响应特征和储层物性特征进行了研究,并针对研究区域低阻储层的特点,以岩心与测井数据的相关性为依据,提出了适合地区特点的储层参数解释方法。通过应用三水导电模型,提高了低阻储层的测井解释精度。     

不等电极距情况下高密度电阻率法的反演结果分析

通过高密度电阻率法的模型实验,得出不等电极距情况对直立高阻薄板和低阻球体反演结果的影响:缺失电极对它正下方的ρ_s影响最大,而异常形态主要在水平方向有明显的变化,异常体随电极缺失的位置有趋势变化,电极缺失的数目越多,异常形态变化越大,但是从整体来看反演剖面图基本相似。     

4120型地阻仪使用注意事项

防雷接地检测仪表 41 2 0需要接 2 2 0 V交流电 ,也不需要打地桩。机房检测时使用 41 2 0型地阻仪进行测试很方便。41 2 0型测试时要求 :2 0 V交流电 ,认相序 ,测试插座为单相三线有保护接地。检测过程中 ,常碰到测试插座为两孔无保护接地 ,相序也不对。有的单位机房装有漏电保     

2003年 8月 21-22日辐合气流暴雨天气过程总结

本文综合应用天气图、静止卫星云图、物理量诊断场,分析了 2003年 8月 21～ 22日黑龙江省大范围强降水过程.分析了乌拉尔山阻高、副热带高压和冷暖空气在暴雨天气过程中的作用.得出有预报指示意义的特征.并对日本传真图的降水预报能力进行了检验分析.在暴雨预报中也具有一定的预报意义.     

浅析避雷装置检测

概述了避雷检测的必要性，避雷装置的检测和检测对象，检测部位和防静电检测阻数的确定方法。     

甚低频电磁法寻找地下水探讨

使用甚低频电磁法找水，操作简单，稳定可靠，省工省时，成本低，效率高。这种方法不受地形限制，机动性强，寻找地下隐伏构造，反映明显，效果很好。