商标翻译的原则与方法

随着商品交流的不断扩大、经济全球化的深入，商标作为代表商品的符号，在国际贸易中扮演着十分重要的角色。商标的翻译也就日趋频繁。通过对一些商标译名范例的分析来探讨翻译商标的主要原则和方法。     

Invading cord grass vegetation changes analyzed from Landsat-TM imageries: a case study from the Wanggang area, Jiangsu coast, eastern China

Cord grass colonization on the Jiangsu coast, eastern China, modifies the native salt marshes in terms of ecosystem structure. The Landsat TM images from 1992 to 2003 were analyzed to identify salt-marsh vegetation distribution patterns and their changes over this coastal region, in order to evaluate the effects of the spreading of the artificially introduced halophyte Spartina. Supervised classification was performed using Bands 3, 4 and 5 in conjunction with in situ training samples, to derive the distribution pattern of the vegetation in the study area. Further, in order to identify the intertidal areas with different tidal elevations, a data treatment procedure was designed to combine regional water level data using harmonic analysis with the waterlines on the TM images extracted by density slice. The results show that: (1) the Spartina alterniflora area has been expanding towards the sea rapidly since it was introduced, especially at initial stages; (2) in the upper part of the inter-tidal zone, the local marsh plant Suaeda salsa and the exotic species Spartina anglica were present only near the sea dyke, occupying only a small part of the entire salt marsh, and the area of these two species has been reduced by land reclamation; (3) there has been a trend for Spartina alterniflora to become the dominant species in the salt marshes in the study area; and (4) the elevation of Spartina alterniflora’s seaward fringe was close to mean high water on neaps, and its landward boundary was slightly higher than mean high water. The salt marsh environment of the study area has been modified rapidly by the Spartina vegetation for the last 12 years.     

将地名作商标有悖地名法规

据初步统计,目前国内的一些地方企业纷纷将在国内、国际上有着较高知名度的地名注册为商标,并且有从县、乡（镇）名称向文物古迹、风景游览地、纪念地等自然地理实体名称蔓延的趋势,甚至一些起地名标识作用的事业单位也被个别企业注册成商标。注册数量之多,速度之快,应用频率之高,实在令人震惊。