The Activity of Major Faults and the Hydrothermal Alteration Zone at Tianchi Volcano of Changbaishan

It is found by field investigation that the near horizontal top surface of the brown or brick-red hydrothermai alteration zone varies obviously in elevation at different sections of the same layer on the caldera‘s inner wall of Tianchi, with that at the north section near the Tianwen Peak about 110 m higher than that at the south near the Jiangjun Peak in Korea. The top surface of the hydrothermai alteration zone can be taken as key horizon to tectonic movement. The difference indicates that the total uplift height of the NW wall of the Liudaogou-Tianchi-Jingfengshan fault, the principal fault trending NE at Tianchi, is bigger than that of the SE wall ever since the occurrence of hydrothermal alteration. This also explains why the topography in the northwest side of Tianchi is steeper and with more developed river system than in the southeast. The uplifting of the northeastern wall is bigger than that of the southwest along the principal NW-trend fault, namely, the Baishanzhen-Tianchi-Jince fault. It is observed from characters of hydrothermal alteration and the palaeoresiduum, that the recent vertical movement rate along the principal NE-trend fault is larger than that of the principal NW-trend fault. The two faults intersect at Tianchi, dividing the volcano into 4 blocks, with the uplift magnitudes decreasing successively in the order of the north, the west, the east and the south block. The biggest uplift of the north block corresponds well to the shallow magma batch in the north of Tianchi observed by DSS and telluric electromagnetic sounding, and etc. and they may be related with the causes.     

钻杆旋转离心力对钻杆内壁结垢的影响

在绳索取心钻进中高速旋转的钻杆带动冲洗液回转产生离心力,其大小等于钻杆绕自身中心“自转”产生的离心力和钻杆绕钻孔中心“公转”产生的离心力之矢量和.“公转”离心力值取决于钻杆的“公转”速度和钻孔直径,通过改变钻具和技术套管之间的配级,控制其大小,使固相颗粒不能获得足够的能量,而摆脱束缚力到达内壁形成结垢。因此,合理控制钻杆“公转”离心半径,就可有效地控制结垢.     

超高压容器的强度和断裂分析

本文针对超高压容器研制工作的需要,对先热套后自增强的双层厚壁简体进行了弹塑性分析和断裂分析,给出了自增强压力的计算公式、不同区域应力分布的计算公式、在屈服层中有关位移与应变的计算公式和断裂分析方法。通过计算实例,提出了值得注意的一些问题,在理论推导中所采用的基本假定是:(1)材料是理想弹塑性的;(2)轴向应力σ_z与简体内任意一点的动半径座标r无关     

外业用环形焊缝涂层的性能比较

当在各种不同表面清洁度进行涂层处理时,用阴极涂层脱落和水浸试验法,对一系列环形焊缝涂层进行了评价,以便确定它们的性能,这些试验是在２５℃,３８℃和６６℃条件下,历时达９０天,数据表明,全部涂层的性能与表面清洁度直接相关,而且在不进行表面喷砂处理时,其性能明显下降。     

长白山火山活动发展阶段及火山灾害评价

长白山地区火山活动划分二个发展阶段：以点一线形式喷发形成的广阔玄武岩台地阶段一焊缝构造发展阶段;中心式大规模喷发形成的锥状火山机构一焊点构造发展阶段,长白山地区乃至吉林东部地区中一新生代以来抬升平均速率81m／Ma及白头山一泉阳一露水河一带中生代以来存在一个火山坳陷盆地。     

海洋平台结构超声相控阵检测成像技术的发展及应用

介绍了超声相控阵检测成像技术的基本原理及其在海洋平台结构检测中的最新进展。超声相控阵技术采用区域划分法将焊缝分成垂直方向的若干区,由扫查器携带超声相控阵探头运动,对其分区进行电子扫查,检测结果以图像形式显示。探讨了超声相控阵技术用于海洋平台结构管节点焊缝检测时存在的一些问题,提出解决方法,指出其在海洋平台结构、压力容器、航空航天等工业无损检测领域将具有应用前景。     

城市区域南北朝向室内表面温度特征

使用12月、4月、8月昆明城市区建筑物室内小气候的观测资料,分析了室内不同方位的墙体表面温度的特征、变化规律及差异。结果表明：南北朝向房屋不同内壁表面温度存在显著的时间和季节变化,4月和8月内壁表面温度较高,12月较低;12月室内表面温度变化受房屋朝向影响十分显著,4月和8月影响较小;南屋12月夜间S壁表面温度最大,昼间E壁最小;4月和8月则反之,夜间E壁表面温度最大,昼间S壁最小;北屋3个月份内夜间E壁表面温度均最大,昼间N壁最小。以上所得结果可为探讨房屋微气候特征和形成机制、原因,建筑物的合理设计和规划,以及改善人们居住环境的深入研究提供依据,并且为其它地区的相关研究提供参考。     

Multiaxial Fatigue Analysis on Reeled Deepwater Steel Catenary Risers with Girth Weld Defects

In the present study, we simulated the reel-lay installation process of deepwater steel catenary risers（SCRs） using the finite element method and proposed multiaxial fatigue analysis for reeled SCRs. The reel-lay method is one of the most efficient and economical pipeline installation methods. However, material properties of reeled risers may change, especially in the weld zone, which can affect the fatigue performance. Applying finite element analysis（FEA）, we simulated an installation load history through the reel, aligner, and straightener and analyzed the property variations. The impact of weld defects during the installation process, lack of penetration and lack of fusion, was also discussed. Based on the FEA results, we used the Brown-Miller criterion combined with the critical plane approach to predict the fatigue life of reeled and non-reeled models. The results indicated that a weld defect has a significant influence on the material properties of a riser, and the reel-lay method can significantly reduce the fatigue life of SCRs. The analysis conclusion can help designers understand the mechanical performance of welds during reel-lay installation.     

基于应变模态的钢结构构件焊缝损伤定位方法的研究

本文探讨了用应变模态对钢结构焊缝损伤进行识别与定位的方法。应变模态对结构局部损作斩反应敏感，是对结构进行微小损伤诊断的较理想的损伤识别指标。文中以一简支工字型梁为研究对象，分别采用基于应变模态差的三种定位准则和神经网络方法，对其进行了单处和两处焊缝损伤定位的研究。结果表明，基于应变模态差的定位准则对于这两种情况的损伤都具有较高的定位识别率，但不能区别出单处和两处损伤；而采用神经网络方法不仅可以区别出单处和两处损伤，而且训练好的网络对受噪声污染的测试样本也具有较好的识别效果。     

用旋喷器清洗绳索取心钻杆内垢

人造金剐石绳索取心钻进技术因具有压缩辅助时间，提高实钻率、保证质量和减轻工人劳动强度等显的优点，而得到广泛立用。但是，在一些复杂地层，由于使用浆液在高速回转时，钻杆内壁结垢，造成打捞器无法投入和内管总成无法提至井外，影响了该技术的推广。水力旋喷清洗器就是为解决这一问题而研制的。