基于LSB的遥感图像安全传输模型

互联网在方便人们交流、共享信息的同时,也带来了极大的安全问题.信息隐藏是解决信息安全的一种有效手段,研究采用LSB法实现重要目标遥感图像信息的隐藏,实验证明该方法可以有效地解决网上图像传输出现的安全问题.     

无线局域网技术在地震应急指挥中的应用

通过对1987年寻乌地震时应急指挥通信方面的回顾，结合当前无线通信技术在地震现场应急指挥和快速反应过程中的最新应用，阐述了作为通信技术的重要组成部分之一的无线局域网技术的技术标准和特点。及其在地震现场应急指挥工作的作用和应用模式等。     

兰州数字遥测地震台网信号传输方式的设计

介绍了地震信号传输的常用方式及各自的优缺点，提出了数字遥测地震台网信号传输方式设计的总原则和基本原则。实际应用表明，兰州数字遥测地震台网信号传输方式的是符合要求的，提出的数字遥测地震台网信号传输方式的总原则和基本原则，对数字遥测地震台网建设有直接的借鉴作用。     

建筑密集区高倾角三维地震勘探效果

高倾角地区(地层倾角40～70°)一直是三维地震勘探的难题,特别是在地表建筑物极复杂区(占工区的95%)实施三维地震勘探,显得难度更大。本文从观测系统设计、炮点、检波器的特殊布设及特观设计上,论证了其可行性。对高倾角且建筑物密集区的三维地震勘探进行了探索,并取得了可喜的成果。     

俯冲带温度条件下橄榄石中硅氧四面体的非谐振动:透射红外光谱研究

橄榄石既是上地幔的主要矿物,又是俯冲板块的主要矿物。在正常地幔温度条件下,橄榄石中原子之间的振动是非谐振动,这已成为学界共识;然而,对于俯冲带的较低温情况,橄榄石中原子之间的振动的非谐性是否重要,目前还没有比较一致的结论。本研究利用透射红外光谱的方法,系统研究了室温下不同厚度橄榄石中硅氧四面体的红外光谱特征,并着重对其在2100~1500cm-1区域形成的二倍频峰/合频峰进行了指认。在此基础上,本研究通过采集不同温度下的透射红外光谱数据(最高温度达约450℃),确立了橄榄石中硅氧四面体的相应基频峰及二倍频峰峰位对温度的依赖性,进而得出其相应红外振动的非谐系数(χ)随温度(T)的变化关系,具体为:χ838=6.37(2)×10-7×T+0.0014(1)及χ993=7.86(3)×10-7×T+0.0015(1),其中温度的单位为℃。外推到600℃时,有χ838=0.0018(1)及χ993=0.0020(2)。这些结果表明,在俯冲带的较低温条件下,橄榄石中硅氧四面体的内部振动的非谐性可能不重要。     

Characterisation of Soot Emitted by Domestic Heating,Aircraft and Cars Using Diesel or Biodiesel

The characterisation of aggregates, like soot, firstly requires the determination of the size distribution of the primary particles. The primary particle size of combustion generated aggregates depends upon the combustion environment and the formation conditions, such as temperature, pressure and fuel-to-air ratio, among others. Since the combustion characteristics are different in the different types of burners, the characterisation of primary particles may offer the possibility to distinguish soot from different sources. In this paper, we present the signature of the primary particles and the aggregates of soot emitted by cars using diesel or biodiesel, by domestic heating, and by aircraft exhausts, which can be considered as the major sources as derived from measurements on transmission electron micrographs. The size distributions of all aggregates types with different aerodynamic diameter were log-normal and quasi-monodisperse. The size distribution of the primary particles for soot emitted by different sources showed minor differences. However, a comparison between the diameter of the primary particles and those obtained using a standard method for carbon black revealed discrepancies. The median diameter of the primary particles was combined with the median number of primary particles in an aggregate to calculate the relative particle surface area available for adsorption. In a similar way, the relative specific surface area was determined. The surface area was measured using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (B.E.T.) nitrogen adsorption method and the relative surface area available for adsorption was calculated.     

地图概括中空间目标几何信息传递模型研究

地图概括是实现多比例尺地图生产和更新的一种重要理论方法。目前,国际国内制图学界对地图概括的研究主要集中在发展地图概括算法方面,在地图概括的质量评价方面的研究还很少。为此,本文以信息论为理论基础,以地图概括中空间目标几何信息的传递问题为研究对象,以相应空间目标几何信息的传递效率来度量地图概括中单个空间目标的概括质量。首先,建立了地图概括的空间信息传递模型,描述不同比例尺地图之间空间信息的传递过程。进而提出了地图概括过程中空间目标(即:线和面目标)几何信息的传递模型,并且对地图概括中空间目标几何信息的传递状况进行了评估,给出了具体的计算和实现方法。最后,通过实验初步验证了地图概括中空间目标几何信息传递模型的可行性。     

Supervised classification of electric power transmission line nominal voltage from high-resolution aerial imagery

For many researchers, government agencies, and emergency responders, access to the geospatial data of US electric power infrastructure is invaluable for analysis, planning, and disaster recovery. Historically, however, access to high quality geospatial energy data has been limited to few agencies because of commercial licenses restrictions, and those resources which are widely accessible have been of poor quality, particularly with respect to reliability. Recent efforts to develop a highly reliable and publicly accessible alternative to the existing datasets were met with numerous challenges – not the least of which was filling the gaps in power transmission line voltage ratings. To address the line voltage rating problem, we developed and tested a basic methodology that fuses knowledge and techniques from power systems, geography, and machine learning domains. Specifically, we identified predictors of nominal voltage that could be extracted from aerial imagery and developed a tree-based classifier to classify nominal line voltage ratings. Overall, we found that line support height, support span, and conductor spacing are the best predictors of voltage ratings, and that the classifier built with these predictors had a reliable predictive accuracy (that is, within one voltage class for four out of the five classes sampled). We applied our approach to a study area in Minnesota.     

基于北斗的自动气象站报文传输方案设计

针对北斗卫星下行通信受4G和WIFI信号带内干扰导致传输成功率低的情况,设计了基于增加传输次数来降低误码率的自动气象站报文北斗传输方案。首次提出并建成用于传输自动气象站报文的双北斗指挥机用户群,根据北斗用户机的传输能力设计专用的气象报文编码格式,利用冗余频度开展报文重发,实现单个时次报文的4次重复接收,稳定地保证了较高的传输成功率。方案同时实现了观测报文1min内到达预报员桌面,在稳定性和时效性上均取得了突破。     

地下流体数字化改造中几个技术性问题的探讨

总结了地下流体前兆台站数字化改造中遇到的问题, 对出现的问题进行分析研究并探索解决方法。 介绍了井口、 脱气、 集气装置的原理和制作方法。 对比分析了数据传输中几种不同方法的优缺点, 为“十五”地下流体前兆台网数字化改造和未来地下流体台网的建设提供了科学依据。