Studies on environment protection of vanadium exploitation in open air

Vanadium, improving mechanism and jointing capacity of steel products, is a kind of excellent additive during steel-making and its industry gets support from national industry policy. On account of shallow buried depth and low technique request of exploitation, there is much exploitation by local people lacking system management and technique guidance in area rich in vanadium since years ago, which damages regional environment dramatically. Accordingly, taking stone coal-vanadium as an example, the paper focuses on environment impact on water environment and eco-environment caused by exploitation in open air. Impact of exploitation on surface water mainly includes mining drainage and eluviated water of stock yard. According to civilian exploitation in the area, the rock suffers man-made disturbance, therefore, water quality indicators of mining drainage like heavy metal, permanganate, CI, SO4^2-, F are able to be analogies of ground water quantity in the region since the primary component of drainage is surrounding rock ground water. Water monitoring result of local well shows as follows： pH 6.68, SO4^2- 5.76 mg/L, F- 0.005 mg/L, Fe 0.025 mg/L, Mo 8.08 μg/L, Ni 5.91 μg/L, Co 0.61 μg/L, and all of them reach corresponding standard of water quality. Ground water turns into acid mine water by oxygenation after it discharges and with the help of sulfur the acid water contains nocuous elements which permeate in groundwater and surface water arousing pollution. The value of pH in the range of standard indicates that the acidification of mine water is relatively weak in the diggings. Eco-environment damage is another aspect that cannot be ignored, it acts as： （1） peeling work and establishment construction destroy landform; （2） stack of waste soil and rock occupies amounts of land; （3） various exploitation activities like vegetation peeling, landform change will enlarge the scope or enhance the intensity of soil erosion, which destroys eco-environment by leading water and soil loss;     

孔道结构化合物(H3NCH2CH2NH3)3[(VO)4(PO4)2(HPO4)4]的钒氧化态与热稳定性关系研究

热处理脱除有机模板易导致VPO体系孔道结构化合物结构破坏,从而阻碍此类材料的实际应用。以孔道结构化合物(H3NCH2CH2NH3)3[(VO)4 (PO4 )2 (HPO4 )4 ](简称V2P3 en)为研究对象,利用热分析(DSC TG)、动态原位高温X 射线衍射(XRD)及多功能X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)等方法,研究了该化合物在不同气氛热处理过程中模板脱除及结构演化规律,重点探讨了钒氧化态的变化对结构稳定性的影响。结果表明,加热过程中随着有机模板的分解脱除,形成较强的还原环境,骨架中的部分钒被还原(V4+→V3+),使原有的配位环境([VⅣO5]三角双锥、[VⅣO6]畸变八面体)与钒的氧化态不符而导致结构重组。因此,钒氧化态的变化是影响热稳定性的重要因素之一。     

Calcified roasting-acid leaching process of vanadium from low-grade vanadium-containing stone coal

The low-grade vanadium-containing stone coal used in this experiment was collected from Wuxi Coun- try, Chongqing City, China. The experiment focused on the vanadium recovery from roasted residue through opti- mizing the process conditions of an effective and environmentally-friendly technology, named calcified roast- ing-sulfuric acid leaching technology. By single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiments, the effects of roast- ing temperature, roasting time, sulfuric acid concentration and leaching time on the leaching ratio of vanadium were analyzed. The results showed that the leaching ratio of vanadium reached 85.5% under the proper technological con- ditions of roasting temperature=950℃, roasting time=4 h, 40% concentration of sulfuric acid and leaching time=6 h.     

河南淅川李家湾钒矿床地质特征及成因初步研究

淅川李家湾钒矿处于扬子板块北缘,赋存于下寒武统水沟口组中下部。矿石类型为硅质岩型、页岩型及混合型三种。w（V2O5）一般在0.95%-1.34%。钒主要富集在下部硅质岩、上部杂色页岩,其中硅质岩与页岩互层者,以页岩为主,厚度大于硅质岩的组合内。钒的赋存状态呈高度富集和稀散分布两种。主要以离子吸附和类质同象赋存于粘土矿物中。与钙、钡呈正相关。矿床成因为陆棚相—浅海相层状沉积矿床。     

陕西省山阳县夏家店金(钒)矿床成矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

陕西省山阳县夏家店金(钒)矿床金矿体受赋矿层位(黑色岩系地层)及断裂构造双重因素控制,在走向上呈尖灭再现的透镜状产出.目前勘查程度仅限于矿区范围内,且勘查深度仅为地表以下300m左右.根据矿区多个金矿体地质特征及赋存位置,总结其控矿特征和成矿规律.分析认为矿区边部和深部具有很大的找矿潜力.     

含钒石煤的穆斯堡尔谱研究

本文收集了我国湘鄂淅地区含钒石煤样品,使用化学分析和穆斯堡尔谱方法,测定和研究了石煤中钒铁的赋存方式和价态,以及不同焙烧温度下钒铁价态变化等。初步研究表明,石煤中钒铁价态及价态变化的测定,对含钒石煤中钒铁矿物和成因研究,钒的提取和石煤的综合利用有重要意义。     

测定锰矿石中低含量钒的试验

化学分析工作要求测试快速、准确,低含量钒的测定因流程长,操作复杂,不易掌握,影响了推广使用。该试验采用分光光度法针对锰矿石中钒的测定进行了改进,取得了良好的效果。该法采用过氧化钠-碳酸钠熔融、水浸取,吸取清液依次加入硝酸、磷酸、钨酸钠溶液生成可溶性的黄色磷钨钒酸络合物,测量其吸光度,大大提高了分析效率。     

对壤中钒、硒、钼测量方法的观察与思考

本文简要介绍了钒、硒、钼的地球化学性质。根据我国西北业已查实的3个层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床中钒、硒、钼与铀的展布特征,认为,按已知铀矿床中铀与钒、硒、钼的存在及相互关系,试图用壤中钒、硒、钼测量对层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿实施伴生元素找矿或进行“空间定位”的依据尚不足。     

石煤中钒的氧化动力学初步研究

含钒石煤是我国一种新类型钒矿资源,钒的氧化是石煤提钒的基础。本文对钒的氧化动力学作了初步工作,通过试验数据处理结果表明,采用Ерофеев综合动力学公式:描述石煤中钒的氧化过程:2VO2固+1/2O2=Y2O5固简明可行,较为适宜。 钒氧化反应初期阶段以动力学方式进行:n1=1,属一级反应过程;继之,n2=0.2,反应受扩散制约。测定了由动力学过程转换为扩散过程所需的反应时间及其钒氧化率,计算了这两种过程的速率常数和表观活化能。     

蓝色翡翠的呈色机制探讨

近期广东市场上出现了一种来自缅甸的蓝色翡翠样品,该样品目前未见相关报道。为了确定其定名,通过常规宝石学测试、红外光谱和X射线粉末衍射测试对样品进行分析,表明样品的主要矿物组成为硬玉,质量分数约97．1％,检测鉴定结论为翡翠。为了对蓝色翡翠呈色机制进行研究,通过紫外一可见吸收光谱测试,表明可见光区480nm以后逐渐增强的吸收带是其产生蓝色的原因;采用电子探针进行化学成分测试,表明蓝色的成因与钒离子有关。根据3d过渡金属离子的晶体场理论和翡翠晶体场理论的研究,可以推测：由于翡翠结构中M1位的Al3＋被过渡金属离子钒（V4＋）替代,目l起八面体结构畸变而导致蓝色的产生,因此,蓝色是过渡金属离子钒（v4＋）产生的原生色。