工程地质中的声波CT层析成像技术

ＣＴ技术在工程地质中主要用以解决地质构造、地层结构、工程地质力学等地质问题。结合实际讨论了声波层析成像中设备的选择、观测系统的建立和资料处理等问题。工程地质中的实际使用证明了其效果良好。与工程地质中使用的其他物探方法比较，ＣＴ具有成图效果好、直观、不受文化层和地表障碍物影响等优点。     

青藏高原东缘下地壳流动的地震学证据

在2000年完成的穿过川西高原和四川盆地的深地震测深剖面揭示了川西高原的地壳结构具有地壳增厚(主要是下地壳增厚)、地壳平均速度低等特点,显示地壳的缩短与增厚的碰撞变形特征。根据川西高原上设置各爆炸点的记录截面图共同呈现PmP(莫霍界面反射波)弱能量的特点,推断在川西高原的下地壳介质具有强衰减(Qp=100~300)的性质。利用我国西部地区的宽频带地震台站的面波资料反演青藏高原及其邻区的地壳上地幔S波三维速度结构,在周期T=29.2s和T=42.9s的Rayleigh波群速度分布图上,显示了青藏高原东部(包括川西高原)呈现大范围的低速异常。多方面的结果表明,地震学方法为当前流行的下地壳流动模型提供了深部证据。     

Comparative studies in method for stratigraphical structure measurement of ice cores: Identification of cloudy bands

1　IntroductionCloudybandsaretypicalstratigraphicstructureindeepicecoresandtheylookwhitecolorwhenaflorescentlightwasirradiated.InWisconsinice ageiceattheGreenland ,manycloudybandsarelocatedincoldperiodsiceandcloudybandsareusedfordatingofdeepicecoresincepairofseriescloudybandandclearlayercorrespondstoannuallayer(Alleyetal.1 997;Meeseetal.1 997) .AndcloudybandcorrespondstovolcaniclayerfortheAntarcticicecore (GowandWilliamson 1 976) .Therefore,identificationofcloudybandsisimportantworkfordatin…     

Dynamic investigation on the coupled changing process of moisture and density fields in freezing soil

The data reflecting the change in density are obtained, with computer tomograph scanning through the sample of freezing soil section by section at intervals without destruction. Combined with the changing characteristics of water content along the sample during test, the dynamic coupled process of moisture and density fields under the effect of temperature gradient on the freezing soil in closed system is discussed. The result reflects the internal process of frost heave improvement resulting from the transfer of mass and heat. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49401003).