洪泽凹陷赵集次凹阜宁组四段盐岩深水再沉积成因探讨

为了查明洪泽凹陷赵集次凹阜四段盐岩成因,利用录井、测井、古生物和地球化学资料,对苏北盆地洪泽凹陷赵集次凹古新统阜宁组四段(E₁f₄)的盐岩沉积特征进行了分析,发现阜四段含盐系地层主要发育石盐岩,硫酸盐岩次之,还有少量碳酸盐岩。石盐岩单层厚度大,纯度高,横向分布稳定。对比研究认为赵集次凹E₁f₄盐岩应为淮安凸起上白垩统浦口组(K₂p)盐岩经溶解搬运至洪泽凹陷赵集次凹深水湖盆中,使盐度过饱和后再沉积成因。赵集次凹E₁f₄比淮安凸起K₂p石盐岩矿层纯度高;盐岩洁净、盐间夹灰-深灰色泥岩,未见浅水蒸发构造;生物化石以陆相介形类为主,淡水滨浅湖的腹足类和轮藻化石稀少,在E₁f₄地层中存在仅见于K₂p地层中的Cicat ricosisporites pseudoanrifer化石以及Welwitschiapitesningensis、Cicatricosisporites pseudoaurifer等;两地盐岩的卤水类型均为硫酸盐-氯化物型,而赵集次凹E₁f₄盐岩重金属元素含量较低。赵集次凹阜四段存在两个主要成盐期:上盐亚段与下盐亚段,对比研究发现二者的盐岩类型、特征及成盐序列有较大差异,尝试根据盐类物质供给的成分和速率的不同建立了相应的成盐模式:下盐亚段为深水近源快速补给"石盐岩-无水芒硝岩-石盐岩再沉积"成盐模式;上盐亚段为深水近源缓慢补给"钙芒硝岩-石盐岩再沉积"成盐模式。     

深井无水芒硝水溶开采部分技术参数的求取

本文介绍了水溶开采深井无水芒硝有关技术参数的求取方法,数据资料的获得,对水溶开采深层芒硝及硝水利用具有重要意义。     

基于能量原理盐岩的强度与破坏准则

讨论了盐岩变形过程中可释放弹性应变能与耗散能内在关系,并给出了基于弹性应变能的破坏准则。为了验证该准则的可行性,一方面利用Mohr准则、D-P准则、基于能量原理强度准则对围压分别为1、5、10、15 MPa一组三轴压缩试验进行了研究;另一方面,应用该准则对来源于其他文献的三轴试验数据就行了研究。研究结果表明,由于该准则仅需确定常规岩石力学参数,物理力学意义明确,试验值与理论值的相对误差较小,因此,该准则可作为盐岩破坏的判据。     

The development of a burkeite-dominated salt crust – an example of evaporite sedimentation in a saline pan with non-monomineralic deposits

A salt crust from an ephemeral saline lake in northern Namibia includes a basal thenardite layer (Na₂SO₄), followed by intervals consisting of burkeite (Na₆(CO₃)(SO₄)₂) with a palisade-type fabric that are separated by layers of fine-grained burkeite. All palisade burkeite formed as coatings along the sides of the neighbouring intervals and around thin lenses of fine-grained burkeite. During the development of these coatings, the original constituents of the intervals that they now occupy were dissolved. Textural features indicate that the dissolved deposits were composed at least in part of halite crystals. The study of this crust illustrates the complexity of evaporite sedimentation in ephemeral saline lakes where more than one dominant mineral is formed. In the studied basin, selective dissolution of the most soluble salts occurred during flooding stages, partly affecting subsurface occurrences that consisted of continuous beds. The final product is a nearly monomineralic deposit, derived from a layered non-monomineralic formation. The deposit developed to a large extent by subsurface crystal growth in a subaqueous setting, rather than by mineral formation along the brine–sediment interface or under subaerial conditions.