Discovery and analysis of ultra-micro grinding grain texture in slipping lamellae of ductile-brittle zone

In the 1990s of the 20th century, we participated in the research of the stress field in fissure tectonics of scientific deep bore cores for the Deep Observation and Sampling of the Earths Continental Crust (DOSECC for short). Spherical and enriched ul-tra-micro granular textures (nm size), which enriches Nb element (Wang & Sun, 1990; Sun & Wang, 1993)[1,2], were found during the observation of ul-tra-micro slipping lamellae of ductile and brittle oc-curring in Late Mesozoic granites us…     

Effects of fault activities on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the Zhu I Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea

Faults can act as either conduits or barriers for hydrocarbon migration, because they have complicated anisotropic flow properties owing to their complicated three-dimensional structures. This study focuses on the Zhu I Depression, Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB), China. In this area, hydrocarbon migration and accumulation occurred over a relatively short period of time and were contemporaneous with fault activation, so the characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulations can be used to deduce the effect of active faults on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. This study addresses the effect of fault activity on flow properties during hydrocarbon migration through a quantitative and comparative analysis of fault activity vs hydrocarbon accumulation. The fault slip rate and shale smear factor parameters were used to characterise faulting and elucidate its effect on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. Active faults are generally excellent vertical conduits with strong fault activation resulting in vertical migration of most hydrocarbons and little preservation; traps near faults with fault slip rates greater than 20 m/Ma rarely contain commercial oil and gas accumulations. Faulting can form shale smear, which, if continuous, can act as a barrier to hydrocarbon migration. An active fault can allow hydrocarbon transport from deeper formations and to be trapped by continuous shale smear in shallower strata. Most of the oil and gas in the Zhu I Depression have accumulated near faults with a moderate fault slip rate (<20 m/Ma) and development of continuous shale smear (SSF<4–6).     

双层散体材料桩复合地基固结理论

研究了考虑涂抹效应和应力集中效应的双层散体材料桩复合地基固结解析解及其工程应用,分不同情况讨论了特征根的可能变化规律,也讨论了解析解转化为双层竖井地基以及双层天然地基的普遍适用性。研究发现,固结速率随井径比的减小、水平向渗透系数比的增大和桩体刚度的增大而增加;底面排水条件对双层散体材料桩复合地基的固结影响,在井径比不是很大的情况下影响不大;是否考虑应力集中效应对计算结果影响较大。     

基于砂箱物理模拟的断层封闭有效性评价新方法

泥岩涂抹的连续性影响油气跨断层运移,在相似岩性、相似应力条件下,泥岩厚度和断距长度是影响泥岩涂抹连续性的主要因素.本文结合岩芯观察,借助三维定量物理模拟实验对泥岩涂抹的连续有效性进行了研究.结果表明:①泥岩有效涂抹是决定断层封闭性的必要条件,涂抹连续厚度是封闭性评价的重要参数;②受剪切作用在断层带中形成连续的泥岩涂抹油...     

任意附加应力下竖井径竖向耦合固结等应变解

竖向排水体包括砂井和塑料排水板已广泛应用于加速软黏土地基的固结。不同形式的轴对称条件下含竖向排水体均质各向同性地基的固结解析解答也相继被提出,而各种解答均假定地基中附加应力在竖向排水体的深度范围内是均匀分布的。显然,当竖向排水体深度与地面堆载区宽度的比值相对较高,或竖向排水体的影响区域靠近地面堆载区的边缘时,这个假定并不适用。为此,在现有径竖向耦合固结等应变解的基础上,提出任意分布的地基附加应力条件下的解答,并分析附加应力分布形式和线性加载速率对地基固结的影响。结果表明,均匀分布的附加应力条件下的解答低估了地基的固结速率,而瞬时加载条件下的解答则高估了地基的固结速率。     

胜利油田东营凹陷中央隆起带断层封闭模式研究

东营凹陷中央隆起带断裂系统复杂,断层封闭性直接控制油气藏形盛分布及油气藏规模,封闭性强的断层附近可形成大规模油气藏,封闭性差的断层附近油气藏规模小,甚至无油气藏形成.以岩性配置封闭模式、主应力封闭模式和泥岩沾污带封闭模式3种最主要的封闭模式为例建立了东营凹陷中央隆起带断层封闭模式.定量分析评价了东营凹陷中央隆起带断层封闭性,认为东营凹陷中央隆起带封闭性断层的最佳断面正应力为40~50 MPa,封闭性断层的泥岩沾污因子常小于2.6.针对某一具体断层判断其是否具有封闭性需多方面综合分析,不可简单地进行单因素分析.      

Analytical solutions for the consolidation of unsaturated foundation with prefabricated vertical drain

Based on the consolidation theory raised by Fredlund, the solutions for the equal-strain consolidation of unsaturated foundation with the prefabricated vertical drain considering smear effect and drain resistance are analytically formulated in this paper. Firstly, governing equations for excess pore pressures (i.e., excess pore-air and pore-water pressures) under the equal-strain hypothesis are derived with the introduction of radial boundary conditions. Afterwards, the obtained coupled equations are solved by applying general integration, decoupling process, and Fourier sine series expansion. The smear coefficients and factors of drain resistance corresponding to air and water phases are both captured explicitly in the final solutions. Furthermore, the degenerated solutions are employed to verify the reliability of the current solutions. Finally, a parametric study is conducted to study the consolidation characteristics of the proposed foundation model against modeling sizes (S and N), smear coefficients (α_a and α_w), and drain resistance factors (G_a and G_w).     

A new analytical model for consolidation with multiple vertical drains

Various analytical theories of consolidation for soils with vertical drains have been proposed in the past. Most conventional theories are based on a cylindrical unit cell that contains only a single vertical drain. This paper described a new analytical model where a vertical drain located at the centre (the ‘inner vertical drain’) and is surrounded by two or three vertical drains (the ‘outer vertical drains’), the number of which depends on whether the configuration is triangular or rectangular. Both types of drains are combined into a cylindrical unit cell, and the water is assumed to flow both inwards to the inner vertical drain and outwards to the outer vertical drains distributed around the circumference. The outer radial boundary of the unit cell is regarded as a permeable boundary, with a drainage capacity of two or three separate vertical drains for triangular and rectangular configurations, respectively. The smear effects and the drainage resistances for both the inner and outer vertical drains are considered in the analysis as well. In this way, the equations governing the consolidation process with multiple vertical drains are derived, and the corresponding analytical solutions are obtained for instantaneously loading, ramp loading and multi‐stage of instantaneously loading and multi‐stage of ramp loading. The present solutions are finally compared with several conventional solutions for a single vertical drain in the literature. The results show that the present model predicts the same average degree of consolidation as conventional models do, which verifies the correctness of this new model. Finally, the settlement predicted by the present solution is compared with the measured settlement from a field test at the Port of Brisbane, Australia, which shows a good agreement between them. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

淮北五沟煤矿F_（14）断层导水特征研究

五沟煤矿的F14断层为矿区内二采区的边界断层,落差较大且切割了多个含水层,造成主采10煤层、部分81、82煤在断层处与灰岩含水层＂对口＂接触。因此,在井巷工程揭露F14断层时,灰岩水有直接进入矿坑的可能性。在分析矿区地质及水文地质条件的基础上,根据断层带的岩性特征、抽水试验成果、物探及井下实际揭露等资料,并运用泥岩涂抹系数法,对F14断层的导水特征和封闭性进行了综合分析,得出了F14断层的导水性较差,断层封闭性较好的结论,为后续煤矿的安全生产提供了理论依据。     

一种耦合单元模型在涂抹层模拟中的应用

在充分考虑涂抹层效应的基础上,构造了一种以四结点等参单元耦合六结点等厚度接触面单元的耦合单元,来模拟排水井地基中的涂抹层,并编制了相应的有限元程序。通过程序计算分析了2个算例,计算结果合理可靠,表明构造的耦合单元模型可以有效地应用于实际工程的数值模拟。