蒙库铁矿床与镜铁山铁矿床的对比研究

蒙库铁矿床被认为是与海底喷流沉积作用有关的铁矿床,但存在很大的争议.文章将其与典型的喷流沉积型铁矿--镜铁山铁矿床对比,并结合野外的第一手资料,发现蒙库铁矿床的喷流沉积特征并不明显,而热液成矿作用比较明显,但是热液的性质和来源、成矿时间等尚不明了,蒙库铁矿的成因机理仍有待深入研究.     

西北某喷流沉积型铁铜矿工艺矿物学研究

西北某铁铜多金属矿床规模大,具有铁、铜、金、铅锌等多金属矿化,属于海底喷流沉积型矿床。笔者采用工艺矿物学研究方法,查明了矿石工艺矿物学特性。研究结果表明,矿石的组成矿物种类较为复杂,铁矿物主要是磁铁矿、半假象―假象赤铁矿和菱铁矿,其次为赤铁矿,铜矿物主要包括黄铜矿和斑铜矿。矿石中铁矿物和铜矿物均具不均匀细粒―微细粒嵌布特征;通过选矿可获得铜精矿和铁精矿。     

Exhalative Lead-Zinc Deposits in Shallow Sea, Southern Xicheng Belt, Gansu Province

SEDEX-type lead-zinc deposits in the southern belt of the Xicheng Devonian basin, Gansu Province has been already identified. However, the sedimentary environment of the limestone and philite of the Xihanshui Group within which the lead-zinc deposits occur is littoral and shallow sea. This is different from those in the northern belt such as the Changba-Lijiagou lead-zinc deposits, which were formed in deep sea. The reef and bioclastic limestone are widespread in the southern belt. Particularly they are associated with lead-zinc ores and there are no striae and banding but massive or disseminated structures. It is discovered that the black chimney consists of sphalerite, ankerite, pyrite and galena, in which black, coarse and radial sphalerite occurs as irregularly veins or cylindricality with a width of 10-40 cm in the center, and it is surround by fine ankerite and minor celestite with ribbon structure. The immediate wall rock of the chimney, reef limestone, was unaltered and the outside reef and bioclastic limestone were intensively silicified. Those silicified reef and bioclastic limestone host disseminated lead-zinc ores of the Luoba and Bijiashan type. It is concluded that the exhalative system occurred in a shallow sea in the Givetian of the middle Devonian. Brine is boiled due to low pressure, and a great deal of lead and zinc was dispersed in the interface between the limestone and phyllite and formed a source bed. In the Triassic period, meta-hydrothermal fluids leached and extracted metals from the source bed, and then moved and mineralized in open space such as arches and inverse limbs of anticlines, and formed massive and vein ores such as the Jianyagou and Dengjiashan type deposits.     

试论内蒙古狼山式（型）铅锌矿床成矿地质分析

热水喷流-沉积型铅锌矿床多产于古大陆边缘或陆间裂陷槽中;巨厚沉积物堆积与强烈还原环境是该类型矿床形成的前提。泥岩-细碎屑岩型（SEDEX型）及海相火山岩型（VMS型）铅-锌矿床虽具块状硫化物矿石,硫化铁矿物含量都很高,但二者产出的地质背景有明显不同。前者是冒地槽或陆相浅海环境,大量泥砂堆积;后者则是优地槽环境,伴随钙碱系列或拉斑玄武的海底火山活动。文章通过对狼山成矿带上各典型矿床成矿特征的研究和总结后认为：狼山多金属成矿带的各赋矿次级盆地是华北古陆边缘拉张条件下具有还原性质的海相裂谷盆地,矿床具有明显的层控与岩控特征,并且同生断裂活动及其对成矿的控制作用,喷流成矿过程中的同沉积期火山活动特点都比较明显,说明狼山成矿带上典型矿床成矿作用与成矿动力来源的多样性、复杂性和独特性,对在该区找矿具有一定指导意义。     

广东大绀山地区铅锌银矿地质特征及成因探讨

对赋存在震旦纪大绀山组的矿体进行了研究，根据最新矿产勘查成果及矿体严格受层位控制，厚度大与围岩界线平整清晰等，认为黄铁矿、铅锌银矿主要来源于地幔，并随海底火山喷流(气)作用运移至海底有利部位聚集成矿，经后期构造改造进一步富集成为富矿。其矿床成因应为沉积岩容矿的喷流(气)沉积型矿床，而非沉积变质型矿床。     

辽东青城子地区喷流_沉积成矿作用与金银多金属矿化的关系

喷流-热水沉积硅质岩对于矿床研究具有重要意义。通过对青城子地区硅质岩系统的地质学、岩石学、矿物学的研究及对常量元素、微量元素及稀土元素等地球化学数据的分析,认为该地区硅质岩并不是来自陆源碎屑物质,也不是岩浆期后热液蚀变的产物,可能为来自海底喷流-沉积作用所形成的硅质与金、银、铅、锌硫化物一起聚集而成的一种产物,形成于浅海环境。结合区域地质构造演化特征,认为矿床早期存在热水喷流-沉积成岩成矿作用,在矿源岩阶段形成了金、银等金属元素的初步富集。硅质岩的时空分布规律为青城子地区进一步找矿工作开辟了新的思路。     

河南内乡板厂铜多金属硫化物矿床地质特征及成因分析

板厂铜矿床位于东秦岭造山带内,区内出露地层主要为二郎坪群细碧岩类及秦岭群大理岩类。矿体地表呈带状分布,倾向上矿体呈层状、似层状、叠瓦状重复出现。矿体与围岩呈渐变过渡关系,矿层随含矿地层硅质岩展布而展布。对24种微量元素编制的配分图解中可以看出矿化层、矿化硅质岩、无矿化硅质岩、无矿化大理岩中的微量元素配分曲线有一定的相似性,同时发现矿化硅质岩中碳酸岩条带δ18 O结果为18.809‰～21.572‰,和海底喷流沉积δ18 O范围相近。通过研究分析,认为板厂铜多金属硫化物矿床成因为海底喷流沉积金属硫化物矿床。     

大厂长坡-铜坑锡多金属矿床成矿作用分析

从长坡-铜坑锡多金属矿矿床地质出发,分析其热水沉积成矿和岩浆热液成矿的证据,认为其主要成矿作用为泥盆纪热水沉积成矿,燕山期花岗岩浆热液则对早期的热水沉积矿体进行叠加改造,故矿床是热水沉积成矿-岩浆热液叠加改造的产物。     

西藏甲马铜多金属矿床金的叠加成矿

甲马铜多金属矿床各类矿石中金含量普遍较高。层次主矿体中金主要以细小的自然金形式包裹于斑铜矿和黝铜矿中。矿区多底沟组大理岩（层状主矿体顶板）中的构造破碎带内有独立金矿（化）体产出。喜山期中酸性，酸性岩脉也有不同程度的金矿化。不同产状金矿化持征，矿石ω（Au)/ω（Ag)比值等综合分析后认为：甲马矿区存在两期金矿化，即燕山期海底喷流积成矿作用中的伴生金矿化和与喜山期岩浆作用密切相关的热液型金矿化。