The elastic properties of single-crystal fayalite as determined by dynamical measurement techniques

We present new elasticity measurements on single-crystal fayalite and combine our results with other data from resonance, pulse superposition interferometry, and Brillouin scattering to provide a set of recommended values for the adiabatic elastic moduliC _ij and their temperature variations. We use a resonance method (RPR) with specimens that were previously investigated by pulse superposition experiments. The nineC _ij of fayalite are determined from three new sets of measurements. One set of our newC _ij data is over the range 300–500 K. We believe that the relatively large discrep ncies found in someC _ij are due in large part to specimen inhomogeneities (chemical and microstructural) coupled with differences in the way various techniques sample, rather than only systematic errors associated with experimental procedures or in the preparations of the specimens.Our recommendeaC _ij's (GPa) and (C _ij/T) _p (GPa/K) are: The resulting values for the isotropic bulk and shear moduli,K _s and , and their temperature derivatives are:K _s=134(4) GPa; =50.7(0.3) GPa; (K _s/T) _p =–0.024(0.005) GPa/K; and (/T) _p =–0.013(0.001) GPa/K. An important conclusion is thatK _s increases as the Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratio in olivine is increased.     

青藏高原北羌塘半岛湖新生代粗面玄武岩橄榄石电子探针和激光探针分析

利用电子探针和激光探针剥蚀系统（LA-ICP-MS），对北羌塘新第三纪粗面玄武岩中的橄榄石主元素和微量、稀土元素进行了系统分析。结果表明，本区橄榄石Fo平均为88，属贵橄榄石种属。相对富集Ni、Co和重稀土，而强烈亏损轻稀土及Rb、Sr、Ba、Zr等大离子亲石元素。其稀土元素配分型配分型式与粗面玄武岩全岩稀土配分型式呈互补状态。     

小松山超基性杂岩体橄榄石的岩组分析

沿贺兰山台褶带北部西缘深大断裂带分布的小松山超基性杂岩体属岩浆结晶分异形成的似层状含铬岩体，岩组分析表明岩体中橄榄石具有高度的定向性。笔者通过研究认为，这种定向性系岩浆上侵过程中的流动分异作用影响造成，反映了小松山岩体系构造动荡环境下的产物。     

Alpine olivine- and titanian clinohumite-bearing assemblages in the Erro-Tobbio peridotite (Voltri Massif, NW Italy)

The microstructures in the Erro-Tobbio peridotite indicate several stages of recrystallization of olivine + titanian clinohumite-bearing assemblages. The development of these assemblages is closely associated with serpentinite mylonites, in which they occur in shear bands and foliations and are inferred to have grown synkinematically, in veins, and as post-kinematic radial aggregates. In the peridotite wall-rock adjacent to these mylonites, the same assemblages have recrystallized statically at the expense of original olivine and pyroxenes, mesh-textured chrysolite and antigorite veins. In addition, the olivine-bearing assemblage occurs in widespread vein systems. The brittle deformation of the peridotite resulting in the development of these vein systems is closely related to ductile deformation of metagabbroic dykes in the peridotite. Although early metasomatism resulted in extensive rodingitization of the gabbros, some dykes show an eclogitic assemblage of Na-clinopyroxene + garnet + chloritoid + chlorite ± talc. These observations, the microstructures and the mineral chemistry all suggest that the assemblages in the ultramafic rocks and metagabbros developed during a prograde evolution towards high pressures (>13–16 kbar, 450–550° C), and during subsequent decompression. This metamorphic evolution is considered to be related to Late Cretaceous intraoceanic subduction in the Alps-Apennine system and closure of the Piedmont-Ligurian basin.     

金刚石伴生矿物中的烃类包裹体问题(英文)

首次在Mir金伯利岩筒中的锆石中发现了烃类包裹体。利用低温荧光光谱仪测定出烃类包裹体的成分为萘和菲的同系物 ,芘 ,1,12苯并芘等 ;其成分与Udachnaya岩筒中的橄榄石内的烃类和Mir岩筒中的石榴石中的烃类的成分相近。测定出锆石的δ13C值为 - 2 1 83‰～ - 3 3 5 4‰ ,与用榴辉岩共生组合中最轻的金刚石测出的同位素δ13C值范围相符。文中引述了有关有机物来源的讨论及多环芳烃 (PAH)由缩聚作用形成的论述。伴生矿物中相当数量的PAH的存在证明在形成金刚石及其伴生矿物的情况下 ,若有相当浓度的自由氢存在则可能发生缩聚作用。这些缩聚作用中碳的来源显然与形成金刚石时碳的来源是相同的 (即液态的CH4,CO及CO2 )。     

东马珠穆沁旗中铁陨石表面的角砾状橄榄石的特征

东乌珠穆沁旗中铁陨石中有二种橄榄石。一种是陨石中基质橄榄石，另一种是镶嵌在陨石表面的角砾状橄榄石。电子探针成分分析结果表明，两种橄榄石中的FeO和MnO比值，包体矿物种类，包体铁纹石和镍纹石中Fe,Ni的含量等，均有较大区别。陨石中基质橄榄石矿物是本陨石中原物质，而角砾状橄榄石是宇宙中物质。他们是两块自由翱于宇宙中的物质碰撞混合而形成的东乌珠穆旗陨石中这种现象。     

金川铜镍硫化矿床成矿温度压力计算及成矿机制探讨

本文利用橄榄石温度计、压力计的方法,计算金川超基性岩体主要含矿岩相成岩的温度压力条件。根据计算所得的温压数据、矿石结构特征、含矿岩相的相互接触关系及储量分布,判断矿床成因主要属于深部熔集型,并根据不可逆过程热力学平衡扩散方程,探讨硫化物(Ni~(2+),S~(2-))和硅酸盐熔浆(Si_4~(4-))产生熔集的机制。     

Anhydrous and water-saturated melting experiments of an olivine andesite from Mt Yakushi-Yama, northeastern Shikoku, Japan

Abstract Melting experiments have been carried out on an olivine andesite of Mt Yakushi-Yama from the Miocene Setouchi volcanic belt in northeastern Shikoku, Japan. This andesite has been characterized by a low ratio of FeO*/Mg° (= 0.78). Phase relations have been determined within the pressure range of 2.8 to 19.3 kbar at 1000-1300°C under anhydrous and water-saturated conditions. At pressures less than 8.8 kbar, olivine is a liquidus phase. Orthopyroxene appears on the liquidus at 9.3 kbar under the anhydrous conditions. The multiple saturation point rises up to 17.5 kbar for water-saturated experiments. The andesite melt coexists with olivine and orthopyroxene just below the liquidus at 8.8–9.3 kbar and 1230°C for dry conditions, and at 17.5 kbar and 1060°C under water-saturated conditions. These experimental results indicate that the Yakushi-Yama olivine andesite magma could coexist with a harzburgitic mantle at depths between about 30 and 60 km, and at temperatures between 1060 and 1230°C. Experimental data also suggest a possibility that a high magnesian andesite magma would be generated by a direct partial melting of the uppermost harzburgitic mantle under anhydrous conditions.     

Variations in Melt Productivity and Melting Conditions along SWIR (70{degrees}E-49{degrees}E): Evidence from Olivine-hosted and Plagioclase-hosted Melt Inclusions

Melt inclusion and host glass compositions from the easternend of the Southwest Indian Ridge show a progressive depletionin light rare earth elements (LREE), Na₈ and (La/Sm)_n, but anincrease in Fe₈, from the NE (64°E) towards the SW (49°E).These changes indicate an increase in the degree of mantle meltingtowards the SW and correlate with a shallowing of the ridgeaxial depth and increase in crustal thickness. In addition,LREE enrichment in both melt inclusions and host glasses fromthe NE end of the ridge are compatible with re-fertilizationof a depleted mantle source. The large compositional variations(e.g. P₂O₅ and K₂O) of the melt inclusions from the NE end ofthe ridge (64°E), coupled with low Fe₈ values, suggest thatmelts from the NE correspond to a variety of different batchesof melts generated at shallow levels in the mantle melting column.In contrast, the progressively more depleted compositions andhigher Fe₈ values of the olivine- and plagioclase-hosted meltinclusions at the SW end of the studied region (49°E), suggestthat these melt inclusions represent batches of melt generatedby higher degrees of melting at greater mean depths in the mantlemelting column. Systematic differences in Fe₈ values betweenthe plagioclase- and the olivine-hosted melt inclusions in theSW end (49°E) of the studied ridge area, suggest that theplagioclase-hosted melt inclusions represent final batches ofmelt generated at the top of the mantle melting column, whereasthe olivine-hosted melt inclusions correspond to melts generatedfrom less depleted, more fertile mantle at greater depths. KEY WORDS: basalt; melt inclusions; olivine; plagioclase; Southwest Indian Ridge     

新疆二红洼镁铁—超镁铁岩体橄榄石成因及其对硫化物熔离的指示

二红洼岩体位于新疆东天山黄山镁铁—超镁铁岩带的西段,地表由南、北两个小岩体组成,北岩体出露面积约1.42km2,呈北东—南西向展布;南岩体在呈椭圆形,出露面积约为6.25km2。岩体可分为两个侵入期次:第一侵入期次岩性为(含长)二辉橄榄岩和橄榄辉长岩,第二侵入期次岩性为辉长苏长岩和淡色辉长岩,辉长苏长岩侵入于第一期次形成的含长二辉橄榄岩和橄榄辉长岩中。岩体橄榄石Fo值在80.9~89.7之间,为贵橄榄石;Ni含量变化范围较大,主要集中在102.19×10-6~4319.66×10-6之间。岩体母岩浆MgO含量为10.3%,FeO含量为10.8%;回归计算结果显示二红洼岩体的原始岩浆中MgO含量为15.73%,FeO含量为10.71%。在橄榄石的结晶过程中母岩浆达到硫饱和,并发生有硫化物的熔离作用;橄榄石与硫化物的晶出质量比(橄榄石:硫化物)为50~100∶1。通过岩石学、矿物学特征以及模拟计算结果表明,二红洼岩体具有形成铜镍矿床的基本条件,但是岩体在深部岩浆房已经达到硫饱和并发生了硫化物的熔离作用,导致母岩浆中亏损Ni、Cu等成矿元素,未能形成工业矿体;在以后找矿勘探中,需要寻找早期硫化物熔离所形成的那部分硫化物熔体,并进一步寻找成矿富集的有利地段。