Continuous,Direct Gas-Geochemical Monitoring in Hydrothermal Vents: Installation and Long-Term Operation on Nisyros Island (Greece)

In this paper the installation and long-term operation of a system for continuous monitoring of fumarolic gases is described. Several physicochemical and gas-geochemical parameters such as the concentration of CO₂, H₂S and CO in the fumarolic emissions, as well as the temperatures of the hydrothermal steam and soil in close vicinity of the fumarole and steam pressure are measured in short-time intervals (typically 15 seconds). Data are logged on-site and in parallel transferred to a remote station by digital telemetry. Specially developed software enables the real-time observation of the local conditions in the crater and full bidirectional control of the monitoring system. Fluctuations in the monitored parameters are also reported. From the data presented it can be concluded that environmental conditions (direction and strength of wind, precipitation) will interact with some of the parameters monitored. These influences can only be revealed by continuously operated monitoring systems.     

过渡带天然气地球化学特征

生物－热催化过渡带气作为一种新的天然气成因类型在国内外引起高度重视，其形成机制、分布规律和地球化学特征是当前研究的热点。本文通过分析我国十多个沉积盆地过渡带气组分和同位素组成，系统地探讨了过渡带气的地球化学特征，认为过渡带气是以甲烷为主含一定量重烃的烃类天然气，其δ＾１３Ｃ１为－６０‰－－４５‰。生气母质的沉积环境主要为陆相。各种类型的母质在演化的早期阶段均可形成过渡带气，但以偏腐殖型母质最为有利