横观各向同性饱和两相介质动力反应计算分析

针对横观各向同性饱和两相介质的弹性波动方程组,应用基于显式逐步积分计算格式的时域显式有限元方法对其在输入地震波作用下的动力反应进行计算和分析,并将计算结果与完全各向同性饱和两相介质的计算结果进行对比研究。结果显示横观各向同性饱和两相介质与完全各向同性饱和两相介质的动力反应具有较为显著的差异。同时表明时域显式有限元方法是进行横观各向同性饱和两相介质动力反应计算分析的一种有效方法。     

A Compact Explicit Difference Scheme of High Accuracy for Extended Boussinesq Equations

Presented here is a compact explicit difference scheme of high accuracy for solving the extended Boussinesq equations.For time discretization,a three-stage explicit Runge-Kutta method with TVD property is used at predicting stage,a cubic spline function is adopted at correcting stage,which made the time discretization accuracy up to fourth order;For spatial discretization,a three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order accuracy is employed.The extended Boussinesq equations derived by Beji and Nadaoka are solved by the proposed scheme.The numerical results agree well with the experimental data.At the same time,the comparisons of the two numerical results between the present scheme and low accuracy difference method are made,which further show the necessity of using high accuracy scheme to solve the extended Boussinesq equations.As a valid sample,the wave propagation on the rectangular step is formulated by the present scheme,the modelled results are in better agreement with the experimental data than those of Kittitanasuan.     

水下多路液压快速接头的夹头结构分析与优化

深海油气田水下生产系统装备之间的精准连接是国际公认的技术难题,对接一般通过深海连接器完成。弹性夹头是水下连接器的重要组成部分,其性能关系到海洋油气生产系统的安全性和可靠性。弹性夹头的主要作用是在水下机器人的辅助下连接和锁紧连接器的固定端和移动端。采用ABAQUS软件的显式动力学分析模块计算夹头夹紧心轴这一过程中的应力、反作用力状态。三维模型仿真结果表明,锁紧过程中弹性夹头的最大应力不超过430 MPa,小于所选取的材料屈服强度480 MPa。采用正交试验和方差分析的方法研究夹头的长度、夹头与心轴的间隙等几个关键尺寸从而分析影响夹头应力和连接所需推力的最显著因素。对夹头的结构进行优化设计,同时也为夹头心轴结构的设计提供了理论依据。最后,通过试验研究对样机进行测试,测试结果表明,夹紧动作所需的最大推力在700 N以下。     

结构地震响应分析新方法

本文通过对传统动力反应分析方法的总结,阐明了建立隐式和显式方法的一般思路及数学本质,提出了使用系统位移反应向量三阶导数的实用显式高阶积分方法,分析了该显式方法的精度和稳定性,并对建立更高阶隐式和显式方法以及方法的精度和稳定性作了初步讨论。结果表明,本文方法具有明显的优点。     

考虑非线性弥散影响的波浪变形数学模型

提出了逼近Kirby和Dalrymple的非线性弥散关系的显式非线性弥散关系的表达式,该显式表达式与他们的非线性弥散关系的精度几乎完全相同.采用显式非线性弥散关系,结合含弱非线性效应的缓坡方程,得到考虑非线性弥散影响的波浪变形数学模型,并对该数学模型进行了数值验证.结果表明,考虑非线性弥散影响的波浪变形数学模型更为精确.     

花岗岩研究的反思

花岗岩是地壳生长、发展以及再循环的地质见证,是地质科学中壳–幔相互作用研究的一个重要课题,同时也是流体与固体地球化学相互作用领域的研究前沿。近二百年来,有关花岗岩的研究经久不衰,大致可分为4个阶段。（1）混合花岗岩派与岩浆花岗岩派的论争,代表花岗岩成因研究开始进入理性认识阶段。一派以变质作用条件下地壳重熔的地质观察为基础,另一派以简单的玄武岩浆分异为依据,而展开论争。（2）地壳重熔实验阶段。以地壳岩石为源岩的热力学实验的开展,是花岗岩热力学研究的开始。（3）随着重熔实验的全面开展,包括了微量元素及同位素的研究,促使热力学熔融体系在花岗岩成因研究上进入全面应用阶段,使地质上的共生组合法则得以与热力学接轨。同时由于微量元素应用于花岗岩,它的多元机理（multiple stage mechanism）进一步确立,为动态研究的开展打下了一定的基础。（4）花岗岩成因与大地构造结合阶段,属于近代花岗岩研究的范畴,代表着花岗岩体系与动态地质演化过程的接轨,并开始建立一个地质实际的观察模式,为进一步向动力理论发展做好准备。为此,对花岗岩研究发展过程中出现的几个问题,如平衡热力学的应用,流体在花岗岩中的重要性,花岗岩成因与大地构造的结合以及热在长期的演化过程中的变化等问题进行了讨论。     

Explicit integration of a porosity‐dependent hydro‐mechanical model for unsaturated soils

An adaptive substepping explicit integration scheme is developed for a porosity‐dependent hydro‐mechanical model for unsaturated soils. The model is referred to as the modified σ –Θ model in this paper, which features the employment of the subloading surface plasticity and the stress–saturation approach. On numerical aspects, convex/nonconvex subloading surfaces in the σ –Θ space may result in incorrect loading–unloading decisions during the integration. A new loading–unloading decision method is developed here to solve the problem and then embedded into the explicit integration scheme for the modified σ –Θ model. In addition, to enhance the accuracy of the explicit integration, local errors from both hydraulic and mechanical components are included in the error control for each substep. A drift correction method is also developed to ensure the state point lies on the subloading surface in the σ –Θ space within a set error level. The performance of the loading–unloading decision method for the modified σ –Θ model is discussed through comparing it with the conventional loading–unloading decision method. The importance of involving the hydraulic component in the error control is also demonstrated. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed adaptive substepping explicit integration scheme for the modified p–Θ model are also studied via several numerical examples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Kinematic source model for simulation of near-fault ground motion field using explicit finite element method

1 Introduction The prediction of broadband near-fault ground motion is an important aspect of seismic risk analysis, and is essential for the evaluation of urban seismic safety. Many methodologies are used to model the near-fault ground motions, such as the Green function method, ?nite element (FE) / ?nite difference (FD) method and a hybrid method (Aagaard, 1999; Oprsal and Zahradnik, 2002; Oprsal et al., 2003 a and b). In the hybrid method, the FE / FD method is used to model the low fr…     

A Modified Form of Mild-Slope Equation with Weakly Nonlinear Effect

Nonlinear effect is of importance to waves propagating from deep water to shallow water.Thenon-linearity of waves is widely discussed due to its high precision in application.But there are still someproblems in dealing with the nonlinear waves in practice.In this paper,a modified form of mild-slope equa-tion with weakly nonlinear effect is derived by use of the nonlinear dispersion relation and the steady mild-slope equation containing energy dissipation.The modified form of mild-slope equation is convenient to solvenonlinear effect of waves.The model is tested against the laboratory measurement for the case of a submergedelliptical shoal on a slope beach given by Berkhoff et al,The present numerical results are also comparedwith those obtained through linear wave theory.Better agreement is obtained as the modified mild-slope e-quation is employed.And the modified mild-slope equation can reasonably simulate the weakly nonlinear ef-fect of wave propagation from deep water to coast.