南非陆相二叠系-三叠系界线研究进展

从岩石地层研究着手,介绍了南非卡鲁盆地内综合地层研究的相关成果.在生物地层方面,脊椎动物和植物化石的研究在该区具有传统优势,孢粉化石的研究则是在最近几年才取得较大进展,在陆相界线地层研究中菌孢化石在二叠系-三叠系界线处约1 m厚的地层内的富集事件属首次报道.在地球化学地层方面,南非有机碳同位素在二叠系-三叠系界线附近的变化趋势与海相二叠系-三叠系界线地层存在相似的对应关系,可以作为海、陆相界线地层对比的辅助标志.在磁性地层方面,南非卡鲁盆地内的磁极性存在从反向到正向然后再反转(R-N-R)的变化,二叠系-三叠系界线则位于第一反向极性带的顶部.同时,结合目前全球陆相二叠系-三叠系界线的研究现状及特点,分析了陆相界线地层研究中存在的基本问题,指出华南地区可能为突破传统观念的研究地区,陆地事件地层研究意义重大.     

Study on a Terrestrial Permian—Triassic Boundary Section—Zhejue Section, Weining County,Guizhou Province, China

The Zhejue Section is an excellent terrestrial permian-Triassic boundary (TPTB) section not only for its convenient accessibility and good outcrop, but also for its abundant fossils. In addition, there are two claystone beds that were formed by events across the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) at this section. The claystones provide a bridge for high-resolution correlation between marine and terrestrial PTBs. Another advantage is that the PTB at the Zhejue Section can be correlated with that of littoral and neritic facies by tracing estwards. Synthesized stratigraphic studies, including biostratigraphy, eventostratigraphy )susceptibilities and carbon isotopes across the TPTB, and microspherules found in the boundary claystones) and sequence stratigraphy, are carried out at this section.     

柴达木盆地新近纪湖相风暴岩的发现及其对青藏高原隆升的地质意义

通过对柴达木盆地路乐河和西岔沟剖面新近系沉积的详细分析,发现柴达木盆地新近纪发育典型的湖相风暴岩沉积。风暴沉积构造主要有风暴侵蚀构造、风暴撕裂构造、风暴浪构造以及及风暴期后快速沉积构造等,包括渠铸型构造、冲刷面构造、泥砾、丘状交错层理、洼状交错层理、平行层理和粒序层理等构造类型。根据风暴岩序列的规模、丘状交错层理的波长大小等因素分析柴达木盆地新近系上干柴沟组风暴的规模明显强于下油砂山组。上干柴沟组与下油砂山组之间古风暴强度的变化说明柴达木盆地在该时期发生了一次重大的古气候转型事件,与青藏高原整体初次隆升时间有较好的响应关系。风暴岩的发现,对于分析柴达木盆地新近纪的古地理、古气候、古构造及板块的运动规律具有重要意义,也为青藏高原的隆升研究提供了新资料、开辟了新途径。