华南海西—印支期成矿地质背景

华南海西—印支成矿期内,成矿序列完整,类型齐全,矿种繁多,为其它成矿期所莫及。沉积矿床需要稳定的地质背景,层控矿床形成的较有利的地质背景是稳中有动。     

锡铁山铅锌矿地质特征、矿床成因及找矿标志

通过找矿工作的实践，认为锡铁山铅锌矿床是由火山喷流沉积—后期热液叠加改造富集的块状硫化物多金属矿床。区域上NW—SE向早古生代形成的裂谷带，三级盆地内沉积的晚奥陶世滩间山群的大理岩与绿片岩系是表区找矿的最佳区段。而绢云绿泥斜长片岩、含碳质绢云绿泥片岩、白色大理岩、条带状大理岩是铅锌矿的最重要的找矿标志。     

基于数据挖掘分析中药复方治疗肺癌伴恶性胸腔积液的用药规律

目的：运用中医传承计算平台（V3.0）分析中医药治疗肺癌伴恶性胸腔积液的用药规律。方法：计算机检索2000年1月1日至2022年2月28日中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）中关于中药复方治疗肺癌伴恶性胸腔积液的文献,分析中药的性味归经、功效、频次、药物组合、关联规则及聚类等。结果：共纳入文献98篇,处方103首,中药197味。频次≥20次的中药有18味,排前10位的依次为葶苈子、茯苓、白术、黄芪、大枣、甘草、泽泻、桂枝、半夏、薏苡仁。四气以寒、温、平为主;五味以甘、苦、辛为主;归经以肺、脾、胃经为主。排前3位的功效依次为补虚、利水渗湿、化痰止咳平喘。用药频次≥20次的中药组合有37组,排前4位的依次为茯苓-葶苈子、白术-茯苓、茯苓-黄芪、大枣-葶苈子。支持度≥25%的核心药物为黄芪、白术、茯苓、甘草、葶苈子、大枣、桂枝、泽泻。中药聚类分析提取到4个核心组合。结论：肺癌伴恶性胸腔积液多属晚期,以气血阴阳俱虚为本,饮停胸胁为标,病机多虚实夹杂。中医药治疗此病多以甘温益气补虚治本,苦寒泻肺利水治标,同时兼以温阳化气。     

关于中国煤层瓦斯区域分布的几点认识

据１９９４￣１９９６年连续３年的统计,全国煤矿瓦斯灾害伤亡人数占煤矿伤亡总人数的４０％以上,瓦斯涌出规律、瓦斯涌出量预测、瓦斯突出预测仍是煤矿安全技术的难题,在加强对瓦斯灾害综合治理的同时,把瓦斯作为煤层气资源积极进行开发利用,是当前的研究方向,瓦斯区域分布规律研究可以概括为建立在煤层瓦斯生成条件、保存条件基础上的高斯赋存量,高瓦斯涌出量,低瓦斯赋存量,低瓦斯涌出量区域分布规律研究;建立在高瓦斯赋     

河南省嵩县大坪银-铅-锌多金属矿床地质特征及找矿标志

通过工作实践认为，大坪银-铅-锌多金属矿床是火山喷流沉积一后期热液叠加改造富集的块状硫化物多金属矿床。区域上NWW-SEE向晚元古-早古生代形成的裂谷型二郎坪蛇绿岩套是本区找矿的最佳区段，具四个含矿层位。矿化、矿石、矿物、元素等成矿作用要素具明显分带特征，并与火山作用及喷流作用有关。区域构造、同生断裂及岩浆作用为重要控矿条件，而硫化物层、重晶石层、硅质岩是银-铅-锌矿床的重要找矿标志。     

北汉庄油田防砂技术研究

疏松砂岩油藏是国内较普遍的一种油藏类型,储层胶结疏松,出砂严重,给该油田开发带来了一定的困难。通过对北汉庄油田出砂原因的分析,提出了试油生产中应采取的具体防砂技术措施和对策,如柏据油藏具体情况,开展开裂防砂工艺的现场实验以及采用石英砂或陶粒砂进行防砂堵水。     

Seismicity of an andesitic volcano during block-lava effusion: Volcán de Colima, México, November 1998–January 1999

The block-lava effusion at Volcán de Colima, México began on November 20, 1998, after 12 months of seismic activity, and ended about 80 days later. Three types of seismic events were observed during the lava effusion. Volcano—tectonic earthquakes occurred mainly at the very beginning and after the termination of lava effusion. Explosion earthquakes occurred frequently during the period of the maximum rate in lava effusion. The remainder of the seismic signals were associated with pyroclastic flows and rockfalls from the lava dome. These latter signals increased sharply in number at the onset of lava effusion. The rate of occurrence remained high when the lava discharge rate decreased but gradually decreased after the termination of lava effusion. Maximum daily durations of seismic signals are proportional to the daily volumetric output of lava, indicating the dependence of the number of pyroclastic flows on the rate of lava output. A log-log plot of seismic signal duration vs. number of events with this duration displays a linear relationship. The short-period seismic signals can be divided into three categories based on duration: short events with durations less than 100 s; intermediate events with durations between 100 and 250 s; and long events with durations longer than 250 s. We infer that long events correspond to pyroclastic flows with mean deposit volume 2×10⁵ m³, and intermediate events represent pyroclastic flows with mean deposit volume 1×10³ m³.Editorial responsibility: J McPhie     

Implications for eruptive processes as indicated by sulfur dioxide emissions from K lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, 1979–1997

K lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, currently hosts the longest running SO₂ emission-rate data set on the planet, starting with initial surveys done in 1975 by Stoiber and his colleagues. The 17.5-year record of summit emissions, starting in 1979, shows the effects of summit and east rift eruptive processes, which define seven distinctly different periods of SO₂ release. Summit emissions jumped nearly 40% with the onset (3 January 1983) of the Pu‘u ‘ ‘ -K paianaha eruption on the east rift zone (ERZ). Summit SO₂ emissions from K lauea showed a strong positive correlation with short-period, shallow, caldera events, rather than with long-period seismicity as in more silicious systems. This correlation suggests a maturation process in the summit magma-transport system from 1986 through 1993. During a steady-state throughput-equilibrium interval of the summit magma reservoir, integration of summit-caldera and ERZ SO₂ emissions reveals an undegassed volume rate of effusion of 2.1×10⁵ m³/d. This value corroborates the volume-rate determined by geophysical methods, demonstrating that, for K lauea, SO₂ emission rates can be used to monitor effusion rate, supporting and supplementing other, more established geophysical methods. For the 17.5 years of continuous emission rate records at K lauea, the volcano has released 9.7×10⁶ t (metric tonnes) of SO₂, 1.7×10⁶ t from the summit and 8.0×10⁶ t from the east rift zone. On an annual basis, the average SO₂ release from K lauea is 4.6×10⁵ t/y, compared to the global annual volcanic emission rate of 1.2×10⁷ t/y.     

Lava effusion rate definition and measurement: a review

Measurement of effusion rate is a primary objective for studies that model lava flow and magma system dynamics, as well as for monitoring efforts during on-going eruptions. However, its exact definition remains a source of confusion, and problems occur when comparing volume flux values that are averaged over different time periods or spatial scales, or measured using different approaches. Thus our aims are to: (1) define effusion rate terminology; and (2) assess the various measurement methods and their results. We first distinguish between instantaneous effusion rate, and time-averaged discharge rate. Eruption rate is next defined as the total volume of lava emplaced since the beginning of the eruption divided by the time since the eruption began. The ultimate extension of this is mean output rate, this being the final volume of erupted lava divided by total eruption duration. Whether these values are total values, i.e. the flux feeding all flow units across the entire flow field, or local, i.e. the flux feeding a single active unit within a flow field across which many units are active, also needs to be specified. No approach is without its problems, and all can have large error (up to ∼50%). However, good agreement between diverse approaches shows that reliable estimates can be made if each approach is applied carefully and takes into account the caveats we detail here. There are three important factors to consider and state when measuring, giving or using an effusion rate. First, the time-period over which the value was averaged; second, whether the measurement applies to the entire active flow field, or a single lava flow within that field; and third, the measurement technique and its accompanying assumptions.     

一个海底基性火山喷流成因的银锑矿床地质特征

广东梅县嵩溪宝山是个产于具裂谷性质的永－梅裂陷槽南段翼部裂陷火山－沉积盆地内的一个海底基性火山喷流成因的银锑组合大型银矿。文中阐述以下问题：容矿层位岩性组合、建造和相及层位地球化学特征、矿区地质构造；海底基性熔岩玄武岩的地质、地球化学、稀土元素特征及其构造环境与成矿意义；矿体（层）形态、产状、矿石结构构造、矿物共生组合、地球化学、稀土元素、同位素、包裹体等