Effects of trophic ecology and habitat use on maternal transfer of contaminants in four species of young of the year lamniform sharks

Organic contaminant and total mercury concentrations were compared in four species of lamniform sharks over several age classes to examine bioaccumulation patterns and gain insights into trophic ecology. Contaminants found in young of the year (YOY) sharks were assumed to be derived from maternal sources and used as a proxy to investigate factors that influence maternal offloading processes. YOY white (Carcharodon carcharias) and mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks had comparable and significantly higher concentrations of PCBs, DDTs, pesticides, and mercury than YOY thresher (Alopias vulpinus) or salmon (Lamna ditropis) sharks. A significant positive relationship was found between YOY contaminant loads and maternal trophic position, suggesting that trophic ecology is one factor that plays an important role in maternal offloading. Differences in organic contaminant signatures and contaminant concentration magnitudes among species corroborated what is known about species habitat use and may be used to provide insights into the feeding ecology of these animals.     

含氯代烃污水土地处理（RI系统）研究

利用空内吸附、解吸、生物释解及挥发实验，讨论了二氯乙烷在土层中的净化能力及迁移机制．根据环境容量模型及于、湿周期的计算模型，确定利用土地处理污水中二氯乙烷等氯代烃的最佳水力负荷和进水频率．研究了污水中氯代烃的浓度与干、湿周期的关系，以及合理控制进水条件的具体措施。